多民族地区中民族纠纷的调解——以临夏州回族、东乡族为例

对于临夏州境内的回族、东乡族、保安族和撒拉族而言,其身份认同存在双重性即民族认同和教派认同。临夏州民族关系的稳定除了得益于政府部门的合理调解之外,民族内部的调解也发挥着重要作用。     

Internal Validation of Human Mitochondrial DNA Quantification Using Real‐Time PCR

The quantity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) template added for amplification and subsequent dye terminator reactions is critical for obtaining quality sequence data. Validation of a human mtDNA real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay demonstrated its high degree of reproducibility and precision as well as an extremely sensitive threshold of detection (0.0001 pg/μL or approximately six human mtDNA copies/μL). A study of 35 nonprobative bone and teeth evidence samples revealed that 20 pg of mtDNA template is recommended for successful HV1 and HV2 sequence analysis; however, as little as 0.013 pg can generate a full mtDNA profile when using enhanced amplification reactions. The assay can also detect PCR inhibition and is useful for identifying samples that may benefit from re‐purification. Overall, the assay is an excellent method to quantify mtDNA and is useful for determining the best analytical approach for successful sequencing.     

权利冲突的司法化解

法定权利之间的冲突并非一个伪命题,其在司法实践中颇为常见。受到立法者的有限理性、社会的变动性以及法律语言的模糊性等多重因素的影响,某些情形下权利的边界未被立法者清晰界定,并由此引发法定权利之间的冲突。权利冲突的实质是利益冲突和价值冲突。权利冲突的存在导致了法律适用的难题,法官需要借助个案中的法益衡量来确定权利边界并进而化解权利冲突。法官在进行法益衡量时,可以参考权利位阶来作出判断,然而权利位阶秩序缺乏整体确定性,仅有有限的参考价值,因此法益衡量还需诉诸比例原则。比例原则包括适当性原则、必要性原则和狭义的比例原则三项子原则。比例原则能够指引法官对权利作客观和理性的衡量,最大限度地缩小法官的裁量余地。鉴于个案中的法益衡量具有决策性质,法官必须在司法能动主义与司法克制主义之间维持恰当的平衡,在解决权利冲突时不能逾越司法的限度。     

检察机关内设机构设置改革问题研究

检察机关内设机构,近十多年来一直是检察改革的研究热点。研究内设机构改革,应从归纳设置现状,分析其存在的问题入手,评析当下各种改革方案之优劣,通过探讨检察职权在检察机关内部的二次分解,研究设置应当遵循的六个原则。借鉴域外法治经验,按照内设机构设置三分模式改革,对于领导决策机构,重点是完善检察委员会的决策机制;对于综合管理机构,建议参考国家行政机关大部制改革模式,大幅压缩机构数量;对于业务办理机构,根据检察权分解,科学界定部门权限,按照诉讼规律适度整合职能,精简机构。     

投资银行诚信法律责任简析--以华尔街十大投资银行被罚为线索

投资银行对客户、投资者乃至整个社会承担一种特殊的诚信义务,这种义务集中表现在传统承销、经纪业务和证券研究咨询业务之间的利益冲突方面。违反这种诚信义务,投资银行要承担契约、侵权和诚信法律责任,受民事、行政和刑事法律制裁;加强对投资银行诚信义务和责任的监管是目前以美国为代表的发达国家证券、银行立法及司法的动向,对我国颇具借鉴意义。     

Beyond poverty fixation: interrogating the experiences of internally displaced persons in Nigeria

Abstract

This paper draws on fieldwork at three camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Northeast Nigeria. It interrogates the pre-displacement experiences of participants, their transition to and experiences of internal displacement, vignettes of life at IDP camps, their relationship with host communities, the non-universality of experiences of sexual and gender-based violence among female IDPs (despite the particularities of experiences of women and young girls) and the resilience and agency of IDPs. The paper argues that scholarly engagement with IDPs and their social conditions should go beyond fixation on or fetishisation of poverty. Overall, the paper contributes to the empirical literature on conditions of internal displacement in sub-Saharan Africa.     

Recreating the Third World Project: possibilities through the Fourth World

Abstract

In this paper, we make a theoretical argument that the Third World be returned to its political origins to inspire an updated Third World Project (TWP), revived as a global movement for progressive, anti-imperialist forces, through the Fourth World movement, which highlights internal colonialism. Both the TWP and the United Nations recognise only nation states as full members. We examine how a Third World strategy that brings in the Fourth World, or indigenous, minority and/or stateless groups, can help oppressed groups gain more autonomy and rights through a transnational solidarity rooted in empathy. We trace the intellectual roots and history of the TWP and consider obstacles in bringing together the TWP and the Fourth World movement. A Fourth World strategy corrects the TWP’s implicit approval of an underlying imperialism, and the TWP provides the Fourth World movement a model to accomplish its goal of resisting uncritical modernity.     

试论企业内部控制体系在党风廉政建设中的作用

反对腐败、建设廉洁政治,是党一贯坚持的鲜明政治立场。这个问题解决不好,就会对党造成致命伤害。目前,腐败涉及的数字触目惊心,坚决惩治、有效预防腐败和加强党风廉政建设,是党必须始终抓好的重大政治任务。内部控制体系建立的目的就是为了保证经济资源的安全完整、经济信息的正确可靠、经营行为的合理合法、经济活动的有序进行,以及经营风险的有效规避,使其在党风廉政建设中发挥积极作用。     

War Hypotheses: Drug Trafficking,Sovereignty and the Armed Forces in Mexico

This essay analyses how Mexican presidents have interpreted the concepts of drug trafficking and national security and how these particular connotations have redefined national sovereignty and the specific role of the armed forces in protecting this sovereignty. A qualitative technique of discourse analysis is used to examine public speeches by Zedillo (1994–2000), Fox (2000–2006) and Calderón (2006–2012). The conclusions suggest that drug trafficking and US omnipresence are the two main issues that shaped Mexico's national security threats during this period, with qualitatively distinct trajectories.     

大学内部治理结构改革与党风廉政建设

深化内部治理结构、加强党风廉政建设,既是中国特色现代大学制度的核心内容,也是全面推进高校综合改革的重要保障。高校腐败现象发生的根源在于权力配置和责任不清晰、权力约束机制不健全、权力监督问责弱化等问题。制定和实施大学章程,推动大学治理现代化,从源头上规范、制衡、监督权力,从根本上促进高校党风廉政建设,这也是中国特色现代大学走向成熟的标志和必然选择。