知识产权与人权:后TRIPS时代的知识产权国际保护

TRIPS的产生,在促进知识产权国际保护发展的同时,也被认为造成了知识产权制度与国际人权法之间的冲突。从立法宗旨上讲,不管对知识产权采用什么样的措辞,知识产权保护应与维护人类尊严和实现其他人权相一致。所以,我们必须开展有关研究工作,探寻如何在包括TRIPS在内的国际条约框架下,协调好知识产权与人权之间的关系;具体说来,知识产权国际保护制度必须以国际人权公约的价值取向为指导,在保护作者精神权、隐私权、公共健康与环境等方面进行制度改革。     

Disciplining Society through the City: The Genesis of City Planning in Brazil and Argentina (1894–1945)

This paper looks at the genesis of a discourse on urbanismo (city planning) in Brazil and Argentina between 1894 and 1945 using the ideas of Michel Foucault on discipline and his concept of bio–power. The demographic pattern of the major cities in both countries from 1890 onwards and the renewals of the centres of these cities are also discussed. Other sections are dedicated to the plans proposed for the same cities in the 1920s and to urban representations, such as ideas about social reform, the role of hygiene as a point of departure for planning, and the relationship of ideas on Taylorism (scientific management) and the city. The paper also discusses the planners opposition to elections, when they claimed that they were the only ones qualified to deal with urban problems and therefore they should be employed in the state apparatus.
Other concerns of the paper are the use of planning as an element of nation building and ideas defining eugenics (race 'betterment') as an important aspect of city planning. I conclude by arguing that, if implemented, city planning was a way of creating an industrial culture, disciplining society through the city, although the industrial proletariat has never made up the majority of the population in Brazil or Argentina. Even if many aspects of the plans proposed for both countries were not implemented, the discourse of planners can be seen as a will to discipline society through the city. This discipline would affect the freedom of movement of human bodies, and is therefore approached through Foucault's concepts of bio–power and discipline     

Strengthening Green Global Governance in a Disparate World SocietyWould a World Environment Organisation Benefit the South?

The debate on the advantages and disadvantages of upgrading the United Nations Environment Programme to a 'world environment organisation' (WEO) has gained momentum in both academe and politics. This article contends that a WEO would further the interests especially of developing countries, because it would provide them, first, a high-level forum to unite their individual bargaining power against the major industrialised countries. Second, a WEO would assist Southern efforts to garner international support for environmental programmes in regions and sectors that are increasingly bypassed by economic globalisation. Third, a WEO would create a locus to politically institutionalise the influence of non-governmental lobbyists in a way that increases the balance of opinions and perspectives. The article then addresses special challenges and caveats for developing countries in the upcoming negotiation process, in particular whether an upgraded UNEP would address only 'global' issues, thus absolving the international community from assisting developing countries in mitigating the more pressing local environmental issues in the South; whether the new body would have powerful sanctioning mechanisms, which might disproportionally affect developing countries; and what decision-making procedures the new body would have.     

论法典是国际私法形式价值的最佳载体

本文首先从一般意义上界定了法的形式价值,即法本身所应具有的那些值得肯定或"好"的品质.在此基础上利用比较的、历史的研究方法,重点论述了国际私法形式价值的内涵及历史变迁,作者认为法典应是最能体现国际私法形式价值的载体.     

论贿赂外国公职人员或国际公共组织官员罪

贿赂外国公职人员或国际公共组织官员罪是《联合国反腐败公约》规定的一类新型犯罪。对这一犯罪,可以从贿赂对象、贿赂范围、贿赂对价、贿赂方式和贿赂领域五个方面加以理解。我国刑法在规定这一犯罪时,应注意刑法与《公约》的协调,立法上注意与我国刑法中“国家工作人员”概念之转换,司法上注意与国外贿赂犯罪的规定相协调;刑事管辖权上应当以属地管辖原则为主,辅之以属人管辖;法定刑的设置应以有期徒刑为处罚方式,并可以适用罚金刑。     

论江泽民的和谐观

江泽民同志以马克思主义唯物辩证法为指导,批判地吸收中国传统文化遗产,提出了一种崭新的、比较系统的、以"社会和谐"、"人与自然的和谐"、"国际力量的和谐"为核心内容的和谐观.     

国际秩序辨析

国际秩序是国际政治的一个重要范畴,建立国际新秩序是中国国际战略的一个基本目标。在国际秩序的研究中,国际秩序的概念、构成要素、制约因素、性质判断等,仍是一些有待辨析和澄清的理论问题。     

邓小平国际战略理念与中国和平崛起

邓小平的国际战略理念包括实事求是的思想路线、全新的国际关系价值标准、辩证的思维方式和极富时代意义的国际战略主题思想。这些带有指导思想价值和方法论意义的内容,以鲜明的时代性和科学性指导着改革开放的中国的对外工作。以胡锦涛为总书记的党和国家新一代领导人在新形势下提出的和平崛起的新思想,是对邓小平国际战略理念的继承和发展。     

米尔恩人权哲学视野下的人权保护

米尔恩人权哲学通过对先验人权观的批判,以低度道德作为其权利体系的理论起点,这有利于消除人权国际保护中的政治化趋向;低限人权概念是米尔恩人权哲学体系的理论内核,它在人权国际立法中具有可操作性,使人权国际保护从理论必然性走向了现实可能性;普遍人权命题是米尔恩人权哲学体系的理论诉求,普遍人权命题意味着人权主体的普遍性和人权标准的普遍性,并调和了不同人权价值的对立,从而为人权国际保护的对话提供了理论平台。