高职院校大学语文学科定位及教学方法的思考

大学语文"遭遇尴尬"已是高职语文教育中的一个不争的事实,其成因有很多方面。为了改变这种尴尬状况,长期以来,全国各高校都在进行探索。然而,众多的探索多是从普通高校视角进行的,不尽符合高等职业院校的实际,高等职业院校的大学语文课要想彻底摆脱尴尬境遇,必须从自己的教育层次、培养目标及教育对象的实际出发确定其学科定位。     

街面巡警见警率的制度分析

巡警作为警方生产街面公共秩序的主力军,提高巡警街面见警率是一种基本趋势。正如理性公民在行为选择时要考虑其行为的成本和收益,巡警及其组织在生产公共安全产品的过程中也要考虑其行为的成本和收益。因此,建立科学合理的警察绩效制度,构建一个多元化的警察绩效评估体系,是提高巡警见警率和巡警生产效用的根本保证。     

Integration or Building Resilience: What Should the Goal Be in Refugee Resettlement?

The article presents a qualitative study of 110 providers and administrators of refugee services from four countries: United States, Switzerland, Germany, and Iceland. Of the total participants, 28 were male and 82 were female. The sample consisted of 83 social workers who provided direct services to refugees and 27 administrators who managed the programs. The interviews occurred over a period of 3 years from January 2014 to January 2017. The participants described what they perceived to be the goals of resettlement and the successful outcomes of their work with refugees. Findings show that providers and administrators varied in what they believed to be the goals and outcomes, with three main differences emerging: (1) lessening the transition burden; (2) acquisition of language and securing self-sufficient employment; and (3) enhancing the integration of resilience within the refugee. These differences are discussed in terms of how they differ in resources required and in outcomes. The implications of these differences are addressed.     

Does the Political System Determine Media Visibility of Politicians? A Comparative Analysis of Political Functions in the News in Sixteen Countries

News coverage of politicians is very unequally distributed: a few powerful politicians receive the bulk of media attention, while the large majority hardly gets into the news. However, case studies show that news outlets in some countries give more attention to ordinary politicians compared to other democracies. This study examines and explains the variation in media visibility of politicians with different institutional functions across Western democracies. We employ a large-scale content analysis of television news, newspapers and online news in sixteen countries to analyze whether a political system logic determines the distribution of political functions appearing in the news. This logic suggests that journalists follow the political hierarchy of the country when covering politicians. We also check for an additional media logic that would push journalists to focus on a limited number of high-standing politicians. The results confirm that both logics matter, but that mainly the structural characteristics of the political system have an impact on the distribution of news coverage of politicians. In countries where political power is more equally distributed across politicians, a broader range of (elite) politicians makes it into the news. Our results suggest that the media logic is nested in the broader political context and in some cases even strengthens the logic of the political system.     

The aloha paradox: law,language, and culture in Hawai‘i

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the paradoxical relationship between law and the concept of aloha in contemporary Hawai‘i. In examples of public space, such as the airport, the courtroom, the roadway, the retail store, and the community park, the Native Hawaiian concept of aloha is culturally celebrated as the practice of social affirmation. Yet, in these same places, this same concept is commodified as an identity through which law seeks affiliation and dominance. This paper examines the socio-legal construction of aloha found in linguistic policies that convey a particularly conflicted notion of aloha that characterizes law’s dependency on custom for its legitimacy.     

School-based linguistic and cultural revitalization as a local practice: Sakha language education in the city of Yakutsk,Russian Federation

In the 1990s, efforts were launched in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Russian Federation to support the revival of Sakha (Yakut) language education. This interdisciplinary study examines the evolution of school-based Sakha language education in the city of Yakutsk over a 25-year period beginning with the launching of the first reforms in the 1990s. Language education reform in the capital city has been shaped by a dynamic interplay between federal, regional, and local factors. Grassroots social and cultural activism continues to play a key role in school-based language revitalization in Yakutsk, influencing how policies have been received and implemented at the local level. Local community stakeholders are working together to counteract federal education policies, which direct school resources away from minority language education. This case study shows that the Sakha (Yakut) language revival has taken root in the capital city, and it provides important evidence that civic activism continues to develop in urban areas of the republic.     

The Yardstick of Manners

The interdependence of etiquette consumers and producers makes the contemporary etiquette guide a book of rules informed by realism rather than one etched from the behavior of the comfortable. While the acquisition of good manners facilitates comfort and mobility, the yardstick of behavior, like the measure of standard language, evolves with the times and thus is never a mere instrument of conformity.

佛教与日本语言文学关系的研究述评

20世纪80年代后期以来大陆佛学研究出现了一股“文化热”,将佛教作为一种文化,看做是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,研究佛教与文化千丝万缕的联系。跟随着这股潮流,有关日本文化的研究也掀起了高潮且日趋精进。据不完全统计,近20多年来发表的论文达上千篇。通过国内出版的著作和学术杂志上所发表的论文,对佛教和日本语言文字、文学方面的研究成果作分析综述,以期廓清这些领域的发展趋势和研究动态。     

中国日语教育史视阈中的张我军论

张我军主编的《日文与日语》杂志作为“民国以来国人创办的第一份有影响的日语研究期刊”,对日语语言文学学科而言,具有重大的学科史意义;张氏日语系列教材大大推进了日语在中国各阶层普及;作为一位师者,他不仅以有中国特色的日语教学法培养了一批精英之才,更以高度的社会责任感,为将日语教育引入正轨做出了自己的努力。“研究者、编者、著者、师者”四重身份的重合、互动使张我军成为中国日语教育史上具有划时代意义的教育家。     

“Seeing Her Through a Bamboo Curtain”: Envisaging a National Literature through Chinese Folk Songs

In 1922, Chang Hui (1894–1985) published in Folk Song Weekly ten ballads with a shared motif: “seeing her through a bamboo curtain” (gezhe zhulian kanjian ta). Regarding the ballads as at once ten place-based, local folk songs and one placeless, national poetry, Chang urged attention to the exemplary influence of folk songs on the unification of languages in early twentieth-century China. Throughout the folk song campaign (c. 1918–c. 1927), however, the potential of folk songs to facilitate nationalization of Chinese language and literature remained arguably unfulfilled. This article examines the reasons for folk songs’ lack of influence on modern Chinese literary history. Through an analysis of contesting ideas and agendas regarding the literary nature of folk song, the author reveals that folk songs were rediscovered at a moment of modern Chinese history when prevalent discourses on Chinese language and literature could not fully accommodate the folk, the dialect, or the oral nature of folk song.