刘向小说的定位思考

刘向的《新序》、《说苑》、《列女传》、《列仙传》等书是不是“小说”,学术界久有争论。从中国小说发展的客观规律和汉代小说的实际状况出发,尤其是通过对作在编撰这些作品中大量的改造、创新工作的分析,可以清楚地看出,刘向已自觉不自觉地运用了小说创作的手法,并达到了一定的艺术高度。这些作品具备了小说的特质,其中有一些堪称中国古代早期小说精品。     

明代东南亚华商经营之道探微

明代,尤其是16世纪以后,中国人开始大规模地往东南亚地区经商和移民,至清初以前,东南亚各地华人华侨的职业以经商为主,商贾小贩和亦工亦商的手工匠人是其主体.他们凭借自身的辛勤努力和卓越的商业智慧赢得了事业的成功,并极大推动了当地商品经济的发展.因此,了解明代东南亚华商的经营活动及其经营之道,是了解海外华人开拓史的基础,本文即对此作一粗疏探讨.     

大清刑律草案签注考论

1907年大清刑律草案签注是研究《大清刑律》和"礼法之争"不可或缺的重要资料.本文利用诸多历史文献,对1908—1909年之间,中央部院、地方督抚的签注做了系统梳理,考证其文献来源、整理要点、上呈过程和表现形式,澄清以往研究中不清楚甚至错误的地方,辨析了签注的形成过程及其中的倾向性意见,分析了签注在《大清刑律》制定中影响和作用有限的原因.1907年大清刑律草案作为沈家本在法律领域贯彻"思想革命"的代表作,其得失是与政治领域的立宪运动同步的,由签注所引发的"礼法之争"的本质不是中西、新旧之争,而是法律领域"改良还是革命"的"主义"之争.1907年大清刑律草案既与中国自身的状况相脱节,也不符合法律自身的演进规律,是一次有着严重缺陷的立法实践.     

宋僧石溪心月与日僧无象静照交往考

日本禅僧无象静照于南宋淳祐十二年(1252)来华,咸淳元年(1265)归国。在华前四年在浙江杭州径山寺参禅,住持石溪心月对他悉心指导,帮助他实现开悟。静照最终嗣法心月。归国后,静照牢记心月教诲,开创禅寺,宣扬禅法,为禅宗扎根日本不遗余力。     

Selling the self: career portfolios and the new common-sense of immaterial capitalism

This article presents a discourse analysis of a popular guide to composing career portfolios. Comprised of documents from work, school, and personal life, career portfolios chart workers’ personal trajectories from past to present to future. Job applicants use these texts to sell themselves to potential employers. In explaining how to compose portfolios, it is argued, the guide examined in this article (re)produces and circulates common-sense ideas about work in our current era. Central to these common-sense notions are: personal investment in work; deterritorialization of socio-cultural resources (e.g. ways of thinking, speaking, and interacting developed in non-work domains); and reterritorialization of these same resources in the domain of work. To explore these common-sense ideas, I engage Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri's arguments about immaterial capitalism and the deterritorialization and reterritorialization of labor.     

朝鲜王朝士人视野中的天一阁

乾隆中叶以后,朝鲜学人一反清初时期的做法,纷纷来到北京,积极与清朝学人交往,他们渐渐了解了天一阁的情况,表示极大的羡慕与赞赏,进而批评朝鲜藏书楼书籍一入库,就只能“蠹鼠偏蚀”,乃成“书厄”。透过他们对天一阁的看法,也体现了他们对中国文化的仰慕。     

清代工商业行会规约的自治性评析——以苏州地区碑刻史料为视角

根据碑刻史料的记载,有清一代,商人们在长期的商事实践中积累了丰富多彩的商事习惯,同时也积极地建立公所、会馆这类行会组织并制定行会规约来更好地维护自己的利益。清代律典中为数不多的几条律例以及地方官府判决是清代行规制定的基础,但同时也给商人们留下了很大的立法空间。由律文引申出的自愿原则被官府作为审查与监督行会与行规的标准。这些都使得清代的行会规约体现出了很高的自治性。国家权力不过多介入商业社会,政府充分尊重商人们的自治精神,这在当下仍有其一定的价值。     

Netherlands East Indies: The Large Colonial Surplus of Indonesia, 1878‐1939

Surprisingly few previous contributions to estimates of Indonesia's colonial surplus have been made, all of them using the export surplus method. Having defined the colonial surplus, the export surplus method is rejected here as unnecessary and misleading. The Indies balance of payments data are used critically for the first time. Adding missing items and further analysing an odd but very big private item much larger estimates of the colonial surplus are produced. A comparison with the colonial surplus of British India is made. In all, the new colonial surplus for the Netherlands East Indies is estimated at almost 24 billion guilders, approximately US$10 billion or some US$156 billion in today's terms. Those figures are considered large indeed.     

The flight from cool: American men and romantic love in the 1950s

The article uses love letters to re-analyze current notions about men and romantic love in the 1950s. Examining advice literature as well as evidence from fiction and film, European and American historians generally describe the 1950s as an era of emotional “formalization” or suppression. A newly analyzed set of 300 love letters by over a dozen American men suggests a much more nuanced view. Some of their letters support scholarly accounts of “remasculinization” in the 1950s, displaying a hard-boiled, tough-guy quality to compensate for challenges to men's roles in the workplace and family. Other men, however, openly expressed their passions, fears, and other feelings. Since these letters were written to the author's mother, they also suggest new potentials and opportunities for “personal” research. Given the paucity of love correspondence in postwar archives, professional historians might find personal collections useful evidence to study the character and dilemmas of modern romance.     

清后期“西学中源”论中“以子证西”的两面性及其命运

嘉道以后,学者们纷纷从先秦诸子中挖掘材料,论证“中学”与“西学”的关系,这成为当时国人认识“西学”的重要途径。在“以子证西”的过程中,有人通过论证“西学”与“中学”相通,主张国人应该学习“西学”;有人则认为“西学”既然源自“中学”,那就不必再去学习“西学”“。以子证西”的论证模式曾经起过“沟通中西”的作用,但在清末因其牵强附会而日渐被抛弃,思想界逐步走向了“超胜”中西的新道路。