刑法解释的变与不变——以行贿罪构成要件“为谋取不正当利益”的解释为视角

行贿罪必须具备＂为谋取不正当利益＂的目的。将＂为谋取不正当利益＂作为行贿罪法定构成要件,是我国立法机关经过审慎考察我国国情、国外立法之后的选择。何谓＂为谋取不正当利益＂,在司法实践、刑法学界存在争议。关于＂为谋取不正当利益＂的解释,体现了刑法解释的变与不变——随着社会的发展,刑法解释结论肯定会发生变化,但在某个具体的历史阶段,刑法解释的边界又是可以划分的。恰当地理解刑法条文,必须根植于社会现实与历史传统之中。     

Comparative analysis of true or false statements with the source monitoring model and the cognitive interview: special features of the false accusation of innocent people

Abstract

We describe two experiments designed to verify whether the source monitoring (SM) model categories and the cognitive interview (CI) contribute to distinguishing true from false statements. We used a 2 Type of Interview (Structured/Cognitive) × 2 Statement Condition (True/False) design with 18 interviewers in a sample group of 240 gender-matched university students being interviewed about a film fragment. In Experiment 1, participants who lied exculpated the protagonist from rape, whereas in Experiment 2 their lies were aimed at accusing an innocent person. As dependent variables we used criteria from the SM: details, supporting memories, thoughts and feelings and cognitive operations. The results suggest that the statements of honest participants interviewed using the CI provided more overall information than those obtained under any other condition. When a lie is aimed at exculpating someone from criminal behaviour, statements involve more cognitive operations and less sensory, temporal and contextual information, but only when the structured interview (SI) is used. When the lie is aimed at falsely accusing someone, the SI and the CI produce similar results. We discuss the forensic importance of these findings.     

A critical-historical genre analysis of reality television

Abstract

The objective of this article is to investigate the criticism that reality television defies precise definition because it shares generic conventions with genres such as game shows, talent shows, talk shows and documentaries. We started this investigation by using the historical genre approach to etermine the historical roots of reality television. The historical approach also enabled us to identify four genre conventions associated with reality television, that is, the focus on ordinary people, voyeurism, audience participation, and the attempt to simulate real life. These characteristics furthermore explain the popularity of this genre with the viewing audience. To make provision for one genre ‘borrowing’ from another, we suggested the use of the hybrid mix (or generic mix) model which enables researchers to identify the content (e.g. the narrative) of reality programmes as well as its unique, formalistic characteristics.     

Print journalism as political communication: The Iran hostage crisis 1

Studies of political communication and persuasion typically focus on deliberately persuasive communications of political actors. Contemporary rhetorical theories suggest the importance of rhetorical examinations of a range of communications not normally considered rhetorical/persuasive, including media news reports. Bormann's fantasy‐theme analysis is a rhetorical‐critical method that allows critics to discover the rhetorically created social realities of groups of people through detailed examination of their communication behavior. The method is particularly suited to discovering the motives of social actors who share social realities or “rhetorical visions.” Applied to U.S. print media coverage of the Iran hostage crisis, fantasy‐theme analysis reveals the motives that urged journalists to give the episode massive coverage, that urged Americans to become preoccupied with the episode, and that urged Americans to vote out an incumbent president. Thus, the study reveals the tremendous persuasive impact of “objective” materials like news coverage on electoral politics.     

“虚拟现实”对社会影响的二重效应

“虚拟现实”的应用给社会带来了正负二重效应,负面效应的潜滋暗长主要在于人自身的主体选择。要增加“虚拟现实”的正效应,减少其负效应,就必须加强世界观教育和素质教育,推进网络伦理道德建设以及网络立法。     

论法的缘起及其意义－以希腊为例

本文以希腊为例,对法的起源及其意义,从法哲学的视野,作了研究.从总体上看,希腊法起源于人文世界的开启,奠基于为人之理的确立.希腊法在学理上,归属于法的形而上学,尚未深入到法的制度化这一度,但是,希腊法在形而上的层面,表现了强烈的理性化特征,以及制度化的倾向.正义论是希腊法的核心,它是为人之理在法的层面上的现实化,希腊法正是以此守护着法的最本真的精神.这是希腊法对后世的最大启示.     

Swimming Upstream

正A Japanese actor’s ups and downs in ChinaKoji Yano from Osaka,Japan,came to Beijing in 2001 to follow his dream of stardom.Before,Yano had lived and struggled in Tokyo for eight years working as a bar tender,an actor’s assistant and occasionally as an extra."I wanted to become a great actor,but I couldn’t make it in Japan at the time,"the 43-year-old said.     

论金陵怀古词的文学生成及表现

金陵怀古词是中国词史中篇制浩繁、体系完备的题材类型.它成为追忆金陵历史、寄托政治感慨、抒写人生感怀的重要文学载体,包含着丰富深刻的思想意蕴.金陵怀古词形成鲜明的意象、典故系统,成功运用情景交融、虚实结合、古今对照等表现手法,产生了独特的艺术魅力.     

网络与实在性

网络世界通过信息化、数字化为我们展现了许多虚拟的现象,它和实在世界形成了一定的对照,由此提出了网络中物、人、关系和事件的实在性问题。网络存在一定意义上使实在性和虚幻之间的界限趋于模糊,两者之间不再非此即彼,从而改变了我们对实在性的看法,或者使实在性获得了新的形式,实现了实在性在新技术时代的语义扩张,也使人获得了一种发展自己的新途径。     

高管薪酬制度的反思与重构

高管薪酬制度是公司法上的重要制度,其制度目标在于降低公司治理的代理成本,提升公司价值。但是,传统的薪酬制度建立在两个理想的假定基础之上:董事能够代表公司平等地和高管谈判;高管薪酬标准可以独立于其他利益关系人的薪酬而确定。这种假定和现实环境不符,导致薪酬制度不能实现其制度目标,需要从程序上和实体上进行反思和重构。