全球化背景下的地方政府竞争——提高政府核心竞争力的战略选择

市场经济的发展,使处于平等地位的政府主体为获取更多的资源、政治影响力和控制权而处在相互争取和竞争的状态。而目前处在全球化背景下政府竞争的发展态势,正从单纯的国内竞争向国际国内全方位竞争演变,从有形的资金、人才和资源的竞争向无形的制度、服务和管理水平的竞争演变,从不规范竞争向规范竞争演变。为避免政府的过度竞争及其消极影响,各级政府必须进一步明确角色特征,调整行为取向,切实维护公民权利,创造竞争机会;营造公平竞争环境,维护竞争规则;调整经济发展战略,制定适宜的社会政策,调节竞争结果;进一步在政府自身建设中,引入竞争机制,提高政府效能和政府竞争力。     

Genro Rule in China and Japan: A Comparative Perspective

For a time in both Japan (roughly 1890–1915) and much more briefly in China (about 1987–1992), major political decisions were made by cohesive groups of retired elders of the founding generation. Necessary if not sufficient conditions for rule by elders include a closed system, with the elite not held responsible to a wider public; and a constitutional or practical vagueness about the locus of final political authority. The more general pattern in such systems is personal dictatorship, with rule by elders as an alternative when cultural or political conditions stand in the way of one-man rule. This essay explores the pattern, conditions, and characteristics of rule by elders in China and Japan as genro rule serves as an alternative to one-man rule in generational transitions in political regimes with a relatively cohesive ruling group and a weak institutional structure. Peter R. Moody, Jr. is professor of political science at the University of Notre Dame and he specializes in the study of Chinese politics. His more recent books include Tradition and Modernization in China and Japan, Political Change in Taiwan, and Political Opposition in Post-Confucian Society. He is editor of China Documents Annual and book review editor for the Review of Politics. He has written on Chinese politics, Asian international affairs, Chinese political thought, international relations theory, and theory of political parties.     

关于地方经济立法的几个基本问题的探讨

市场经济是法制经济,我们建立社会主义市场经济,首先必须加强法制建设,把市场经济纳入法制的轨道。立法是法运行的开端,加强法制建设必须加强立法工作,我国地域辽阔,各地区经济发展不平衡,所以在暂不便由国家先行立法或国家米不及立法的领域由地方先行经济立法,既保证了地方经济的发展,又为中央立法在该领域积累了实践经验。同时,地方经济立法又为国家法律的贯彻实施起到了重要的保障作用。因此对于地方经济立法的基本问题——地方经济立法的概念和特征,依据和原则,地位和作用的研究和探讨,就显得格外重要。     

民族地方自治法规与一般地方性法规的关系

民族自治地方的立法权是其自治权的最重要体现,但这项极其重要的权利,却未能得到充分行使。只有深入分析民族地方自治法规与一般地方性法规的关系,才能对自治法规的性质和地位有准确的定位,更好地发挥民族自治地方的立法权,促进各民族的共同发展,繁荣与进步。     

治民·治政·治党--中国政治发展战略解析

中国经济发展的成就举世瞩目,但政治发展却鲜为世人所乐道。这一方面是因为政治改革还在探索之中,政治发展思路还需要有一个逐步清晰和明确的过程;另一方面也是因为对于政治发展的理解和评价历来有所不同。在一般的政治研究中,建立在西方经验模式的基础上,民主化被认为是判断政治发展的主要标准。本文认为,仅仅用“民主”指标来衡量中国政治发展有失公允,而“治理”理论却可能为解释中国政治发展提供一种新的视角;在“治理”概念下,“治民”、“治政”和“治党”可以用来说明一种日渐清晰的中国政治发展战略思路。     

Decentralization, Subsidiarity, Rodney King and State Deification: A Libertarian Analysis

This paper posits that the government is indistinguishable from a robber gang except for the fact that it enjoys exceedingly good public relations (supplied to it, symbiotically, by the intellectual classes) and thus legitimacy. The paper attempts to see beyond this superficiality, and thus to interpret cases in which the state and an ordinary criminal interact not in this manner, but rather as the interaction of two criminal organizations.     

关于警察体制改革的几点思考

要想使公安工作适应随着经济体制改革而来的巨大社会变革,必须对警察体制进行积极而又慎重的改革。警察体制改革应坚持从中国具体国情出发的原则,适应市场经济发展方向的原则,依法治国的原则,精简、规范、效能的原则。改革开放以来的警察体制改革,顺应了经济市场化的历史趋势。要进一步改革警察体制,必须重新明确划分中央事权与地方事权,触动“条块结合、以块为主” 的体制的核心。而首先需要明确的,就是刑事执法权是地方事权还是中央事权。警察体制改革应当避免由“块块分割” 变成“条条分割”,按下葫芦浮起瓢。     

延边地方财源建设工程的几点思考

实施“地方财政建设工程”是缓解我州财政困难的必由之路。要树立效益财政观念,调整财源结构,增加各种税收,为地方财源配置更多的经济增长点。     

Reconsidering The Counter-Mobilization Hypothesis: Health Policy Lobbying In The American States

Despite its widespread use since the concept was introduced by David Truman (1951. The Governmental Process. New York: Alfred A. Knopf), counter-mobilization by organized interests has remained theoretically ambiguous and rarely studied empirically. We more fully develop the concept of short-term counter-mobilization, distinguish it from long-term counter-mobilization, specify the conditions under which we might observe short-term counter-mobilization, and test the resulting hypotheses with data on health care lobby registrations in the American states during the late 1990s. We find little evidence of short-term counter-mobilization among health interest organizations, which leads us to more fully consider several null hypotheses about the limits of strategic behavior on the part of organized interests.An earlier version of this paper was prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, April 2004. This research was supported by a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Investigator Award in Health Policy Research (ID#047727).     

Learning Pain: Poetry in Emotion

This paper asks the question; is a poetic response to law and suffering legitimate? It reflects upon Robert Duncan's poem Persephone and imagines the (dis)connections between law, literature and poetry. It muses upon the “Trauma” of the poem and the “wound” considered in the context of both public and private law and considers the politics of sentimentality, dominant within the political agenda of the 21st century. The article uses the poem as a lens which reveals that the law fails to address the question of suffering as the wound of the poem is used by the poet as a pedagogical argument to teach us about loss.