正当性视角下的海事请求保全担保规则

正当性包含合法性与合理性两个方面,用以指引和评价法律的价值追求。海事请求保全担保制度作为程序法设定的规则,其正当性判断直接指向正当程序问题,包括程序法本身的正当性和程序运行过程的正当性两方面。以正当性为视角考察我国海事请求保全担保规则可以发现,无论是在立法上还是在程序运行过程中,海事请求保全担保规则都存在一些不符合或者看似不符合法律正当性要求的内容,需要对其进行正当性梳理和论证,寻找其中偏离正当性的因素且加以修正,并对一些看似失当实则不然的内容给出符合正当性要求的解释。     

海事赔偿责任限制若干问题研究

我国《海商法》关于海事赔偿责任限制的实体规定较为僵硬，而《海事诉讼特别程序法》对责任人如何申请责任限制以及基金案的管辖等规定更是缺乏可操作性。结合海事审判实践，研究海事赔偿责任限制、海事赔偿责任限制权利及其行使方式、海事赔偿责任限制基金等问题，对于鼓励海上贸易，保护受损方的利益以及完善我国现行立法等均具有十分重要的意义。     

海洋石油开发与污染：兼评美国墨西哥湾溢油事故的海事赔偿责任限制问题

从美国墨西哥湾＂深水地平线＂溢油事故以及＂深水地平线＂所有人海事赔偿责任限制出发,简要介绍海洋石油开发装置及其技术特点,分析美国有关海洋石油开发装置的司法实践,并通过阐述国际油污损害赔偿基金的研究报告和希腊最高法院的裁决,提出有必要就海洋石油开发油污责任问题建立统一的国际公约,或者将海洋石油开发装置解释为船舶,以使其可以享受责任限制。     

集装箱箱位承租人海事赔偿责任限制问题初探

从集装箱箱位租赁的特点和性质出发,讨论调整海事赔偿责任的国际公约对承租人责任限制的规定、2008年国际海事委员会的调查问卷与回复以及英国的最新案例,分析集装箱箱位的责任限制问题,并提出建议。     

Coast guards and maritime piracy: sailing past the impediments to cooperation in Asia

Abstract

Despite the efforts of the past decade, maritime piracy remains of international concern today. Countries need to cooperate actively at both the regional and international levels to eradicate the problem effectively. In particular, the nature of the threat in the Asia-Pacific region suggests that coastal states – countries that possess sovereignty over the pirate-infested waters but lack the law-enforcement resources – have to turn to resource-rich extra-regional powers for assistance. Unfortunately, cooperation between such disparate countries has traditionally been impeded by sovereignty sensitivities, as best exemplified by Malaysia's and Indonesia's hostile responses to the United States' Regional Maritime Security Initiative in 2003. Faced with this apparent dilemma, a new phenomenon has emerged. National coast guard agencies, instead of their military naval counterparts, have become attractive alternatives for promoting international cooperation against non-traditional security threats, such as maritime piracy. Spearheaded by the Japanese Coast Guard (JCG), coast guards from various countries have imparted training expertise, conducted joint exercises, hosted low-publicity multilateral meetings, and even transferred security equipment across international borders. Together they have succeeded in promoting cooperation without arousing the sovereignty sensitivities often associated with such cooperation. This article analyzes the evolution of coast guard cooperation in Asia, highlighting in particular the Japanese Coast Guard's success in this endeavor. With the general alignment of regional and global power interests in Southeast Asia, coast guard agencies hold promise for extra-regional powers wishing to help eradicate maritime piracy in the region.     

The ASEAN naval build‐up: Implications for the regional order

This paper examines the ongoing ASEAN force modernization in the light of whether it is stabilizing or destabilizing for the region. Donald K. Emmerson's framework for analysing security regimes — the concentration or dispersion of power in achieving regional order — is employed as a basis for analysis. The paper comes to the conclusion that while the ASEAN arms build‐up will not have a destabilizing effect on the wider Asia‐Pacific regional order or balance, it could have serious implications for ASEAN and Southeast Asia. This is because while the actual increase in the number of weapon systems and platforms is not large, it still constitutes a significant increase in percentage terms, and even more so with regard to capability. Moreover, the ASEAN members are building up their forces at a time when there are no obvious military threats. They are in effect engaged in contingency planning. All these factors could be destabilizing for ASEAN's internal balance. As such, there is a need for ASEAN to address the arms build‐up, and introduce confidence‐building measures. One suggested forum for transparency measures is the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF).     

海商法特性论

针对海商法制度的特殊性,探究海商法特性的成因。共同的法律渊源、海运的巨大风险性和船舶的特殊性,造就了海商法的国际统一性、海商法自体性和法律关系复杂性等特性,同时揭示海商法特性背后的价值理念在于追求实质公平、衡平原则和保护海运业的发展,提出"坚持海商法自体性"这一处理海商法与民法关系的基本原则。     

有关海事国际惯例的立法思考

从国内立法的角度厘清海事国际惯例的范围及其识别标准,主张中国海事立法应放弃对海事国际惯例作为法律渊源的认可,承认当事人可选择国际惯例调整合同,并在国内法任意性调整的领域适当尝试概括并入成文的海事国际惯例。     

中央与地方立法权限的划分标准:“重要程度”还是“影响范围”?

我国目前主要是把立法事项的重要程度作为中央与地方立法权限的划分标准。从立法实践来看,这种划分标准不仅容易造成中央立法在某些事项上的虚置与空缺,而且更容易造成地方在一些亟需以地方立法形式加以调整的事项上的不作为、难作为或乱作为。根据现代立法民主化与科学化原则,并且参照国外中央与地方立法权限划分的经验,我国中央与地方立法事项的划分应合理引进影响范围的标准和方法。