行政相对人知情权的中国命运

行政相对人知情权是民主政治的重要组成部分 ,是防止行政权力腐败的有力措施 ,也是市场经济体制的必要要求。在“官本位”传统十分严重的中国 ,目前行政相对人知情权在理论和实践上均与世界发达国家差距甚远。笔者从知情权概念和价值入手 ,分析了我国行政相对人知情权制度发展滞后的历史成因 ,并为我国行政相对人知情权的完善提出了一些建议和意见。     

行政体制改革的动因分析

行政体制改革是一项长期而艰巨的工程。目前的论述更多关注于机构改革,而从系统论的观点来看,只有同时兼顾体制内、外两个层面,才有可能理清改革的原因,从而为体制改革的顺利推行提供保障。     

完善地方分权与反对地方保护主义

地方分权是我国政治体制改革的一项重要举措,但也被许多学者认为是地方保护主义产生和迅速生长的温床。导致地方保护主义的体制性因素同时也正是使我国改革开放以来各地经济迅速发展的重要因素,因此,我们不仅要研究地方分权如何导致地方保护主义,更要通过研究地方分权与地方保护主义之间的关系,找到完善分权、避免地方保护主义的途径。     

市场经济对当代大学生思想的负面影响及教育对策

在社会主义市场经济的建立和完善过程中,市场经济对当代大学生的思想产生了较大的负面影响,呈现出自我意识过强、功利主义倾向明显、道德观念复杂、心理问题突出等特点。加强社会主义义利观教育、社会公德教育、人文素质教育以及心理健康教育,成为了当前大学生思想政治教育的紧迫任务。     

民主市场的交易规则——以代表机关的议决原则为中心

多数决原则把保护作用与效率融为一体 ,所以常常被选定为代表机关的最合适的议决规则 ,它不仅使多数人的意志得到贯彻和执行 ,同时还意味着对少数人意志和权利的平等尊重和保护。多数决原则在实践中有着不同的模式与变异 ;一个国家采用何种类别的多数规则 ,要看其要求何种程度的效率与保护才能确定。我国表决议案一律由代表机关全体成员的过半数通过 ,这是我国民主的广泛性和真实性的具体表现 ,但又存在着值得改进之处。     

俄罗斯在国际市场上的能源战略

布尔加斯——亚历山德鲁波利斯管道项目可使俄罗斯达到一石二鸟的目的。这个管道项目不仅有助于俄罗斯向国际市场寻求增加石油供应，而且可提供一条与BTC输油管线相对应的、可供选择的管道路线。     

试论小企业的存在原因与产业分布规律

规模报酬递增与竞争性市场结构之间的矛盾激发着经济学家们对企业规模决定因素的持续探索。在长期的研究过程中，经济学家们相继揭示了诸如生产要素的不可分性、沉没成本、外部经济、企业内部交易成本、运输成本、关税与行政壁垒、产品差别等决定因素，这些因素最终可以归入规模经济和市场容量两个范畴。因此，规模经济程度低和市场容量小共同决定看小企业的存在与发展，而不同产业的特性则通过规模经济和市场容量两个方面决定看小企业的产业分布规律。     

虚拟价值链的理论与应用

本文详述了虚拟价值链的思想 ,并尝试构建出虚拟价值链的一般理论模型 ,从而解决了企业在信息时代的竞争中缺少战略指导的缺陷。通过论述虚拟价值链和传统价值链的关系 ,本文指出了虚拟价值链模型的适用范围 ,并提出了企业应用这一模型进行竞争的基本原则和方法。     

Economics and Law of Works of Art in the Single European Market

This paper is concerned with the economic analysis of the European rules on the circulation of works of art. After reviewing the relevant literature, an economic framework of the international circulation of works of art is provided (social goals, efficiency and distributive aspects, an economic rationale for a general free trade rule integrated by selective protectionism). Using this framework the European system of circulation of works of art—resulting from the combination of the Maastricht Treaty with Regulation 3911/92 and Directive 93/7—is analysed. The main results of the analysis are: 1) the general free trade principle ruling the Single European Market is strongly limited by rules protecting national artistic heritages of member states; 2) this protectionism—working towards countries both outside and inside the European Union—is applied according to the national laws of each member state, while, contrary to what the Maastricht Treaty would call for, an artistic heritage of European significance is not defined and no autonomous role is recognized in this field to European Institutions; 3) this system shows some inconsistencies with economic theory, as strict limits to trade are not provided when they should be required by the preservation of the physical or artistic integrity of works of art, while in other cases an unduly restrained trade may derive from highly protectionist national laws and export-licencing policies of member states. Enforcement provisions are also analysed and some proposals to improve the system are advanced.     

Jurisprudential Dilemmas of European Law

Making a first sketch of philosophical issues arising fromEuropean Community law I want to present a series ofmore or less obvious, and more or less interrelated dilemmas,or even double binds.(i) Deepening the community becomes incompatible withwidening membership. (ii) National states seem bothnecessary for and obstructive in articulating transnationalproblems. (iii) The more democracy is needed as a warrantfor the public exercise of political power in Europe, themore the very concept of democracy on a European scaleevades understanding. (iv) European unity presupposes aunifying rule of law, while member states have radicallydifferent conceptions of this principle. (v) Even the verycore of European integration, the common market, is subjectto two conflicting and, indeed, incompatible doctrines ofcompetition. In explaining the nature of each dilemma I willtry to take my cue from the Maastricht Treaty wherever thisseems suitable. Then I will elaborate on the jurisprudentialproblems involved in it. Finally, each section will be closedby an attempt to state the nature of these problems inphilosophical terms.