简析我国刑事诉讼法中的非必要规范

我国刑事诉讼法中存在四类非必要的规范:即无操作性的原则规范,未规定否定的法律后果而无实效性的规范;单纯申明法律普遍效力的规范;单纯申明法律责任的规范。这些规范的存在,是刑事诉讼在立法技术上存在问题的一种表现。     

法律与逻辑——对法律与逻辑关系的一种全面解读

本文主要对法律与逻辑关系进行了全面的探讨。对逻辑学和法学之间交叉性的一些问题进行了回顾和总结。首先,探讨了什么是“法律逻辑”,并重点介绍了我国学者较陌生的“规范逻辑”,将两者进行了比较;其次,对法理学和逻辑学都关心的“法律推理”问题进行了探讨,比较了“法律推理”和“司法推理”两者的异同,以及两大法系“法律推理”的特点和差异;最后,对饱受批判的“法律形式主义”进行了研究,指出应当辩证地看待“法律形式主义”的功与过。最后,作者结合我国的实际,认为:我们不能借口反对“法律形式主义”而忽视和否定逻辑在法律领域中的作用。     

论网络安全技术标准与法律规范的耦合机制之构建

构建网络安全技术标准与法律规范的耦合机制,成为用科学发展观解决网络安全问题的新视角。网络安全技术标准与法律规范的耦合作用,形成网络安全技术标准与法律规范的范式耦合、功能耦合、战略耦合,由此构建网络安全技术标准的理论基础。     

试论我国警察在执法中使用武力存在的问题及规范

近年来,暴力抗法、群体性事件的频发,人民警察作为国家安全的保卫者、法律的执行者需要及时采取行动,现场情况到达一定危险程度时,人民警察就要使用武力来维护社会的秩序与保障人民的生命、财产不受侵犯。但人民警察使用武力的行为不可避免的会对人民的私权利进行侵害,因此对于人民警察在行使武力执法权制止违法犯罪嫌疑人时的条件具有严格的规定[1]。该文对人民警察运用武力行使执法权时存在的问题及其规范的探讨,有利于协调人民警察使用公权力与人民的私权利在冲突时的利益平衡关系。     

Blurring the line between licit and illicit: transnational corruption networks in Central Asia and beyond

The anti-corruption norm in both scholarship and the policy world has too narrowly focused on the domestic and institutional context of bribe-taking and public corruption. Instead, we argue that corruption in the contemporary global economy requires a multiple set of connected transactions, processes, and relationships that take place within informal transnational networks that blur the line between illegal and legal activities. These networks include multinational companies, elites in host countries, offshore financial vehicles and conduits, middlemen and brokers, and destination financial institutions. We examine how these actors operate in Central Asia, a region that is widely identified as corrupt, yet is rarely understood as embedded in the types of global processes, offshore connections and transnational links specified in our analysis. Examples of offshore centers in tax planning from Central Asia, and partial results from a field experiment based on impersonating high corruption risks from four Central Asian states, provide evidence for how the various actors in transnational financial networks structure their dealings. We then present two brief illustrative cases of how these transnational networks have operated in energy explorations services in Kazakhstan and telecommunications contracts in Uzbekistan. Our findings have theoretical, practical, and normative implications for scholars and practitioners of Central Asian international political economy and other ‘high risk' regions.     

Norms,Behavioral Compliance,and Status Attribution in International Politics

Extant work on status attribution has largely focused on major powers or state capabilities as key explanatory factors driving these social processes and suggests that status considerations increase conflicts between states. We argue for a more comprehensive approach to status attribution that considers international norms as another major factor that is weighed in the attribution process. We contend that states (policymakers) evaluate one another not only on the basis of economic and military capabilities but also on the extent to which there is behavioral conformance with normative expectations and reward one another dependent upon whether these expectations are met. However, this attribution of status is dependent upon the level of contestation pertaining to that norm. Using a data set that assesses consistency with six different norms (resource transference, multilateralism, economic liberalism, democratic governance, respect for human rights, and peaceful dispute resolution), we find that status attribution is associated with norm-consistent behavior but only when these norms are uncontested at the global level.     

行政规范性文件监督制度的反思与重构

行政规范性文件在我国行政管理中起着非常重要的作用,提高行政性规范文件的品质,促进行政主体依法行政,有利于提高行政效能,促进法治建设。但由于制定、执行与监督制度中的诸多问题,很大程度上影响监督效能的发挥。我们对这些制度存在的缺陷进行反思与重构,确立了以程序控制为主线,以立法监控、行政监控、司法监控为重点的多层次的监督体系。     

规范刑法学中犯罪本质认识的三个误区

犯罪本质是刑法学研究的核心内容,在中国刑法学界对其研究也是由来以久。但中国的刑法学者关于规范刑法学中犯罪本质的认识存在三个误区:第一,认为社会危害性说与法益侵害说是关于犯罪本质学说的分歧;第二,法益侵害说的过度提倡;第三,形而上的犯罪本质研究与积极的罪刑法定原则。笔者采取叙述性的描述方式,阐述了这三个误区,澄清了规范刑法学中犯罪本质研究的相关概念,为关于犯罪本质研究奠定基础。     

我国高等教育管理法律规范体系的内容及完善

我国高等教育管理法律规范体系主要指《中华人民共和国教育法》、《中华人民共和国高等教育法》等法律法规中调整高校与学生之间关系所涉及的高校的法律地位、高校的主要权利和义务、学生的主要权利和义务、学生权利的救济等方面内容的法律规范的总和。本文通过解读并分析其主要内容,探讨了我国高等教育管理法律规范体系在内容和形式方面的立法缺陷,提出了相应的完善对策,以期有利于保障高校依法治校。     

Solidarity and Social Networks: The Invisible Backbone That Ethiopians and Eritreans in Washington D.C. used to Transform Adams Morgan and U Street

Abstract

This research depicts the social networks that the Ethiopian and Eritrean communities use to establish and support ethnic and non-cultural businesses in Washington D.C. It also showcases the solidarity expressions that, behind-the-scenes, sustain and help strengthen these migrant-led businesses in the area. Furthermore, it describes the opportunity structure found in Washington D.C. that has allowed Ethiopians and Eritreans to open businesses and progress in neighborhoods such as Adams Morgan and U Street. The study uses ethnographic research comprised of participant observation and in-depth interviews to analyze 20 case studies of successful Ethiopian and Eritrean entrepreneurs in D.C. This paper describes the characteristics of an immigrant community that is underrepresented in the literature, especially regarding its entrepreneurship; it underscores the special role that family and kin play in supporting their entrepreneurship; and it makes visible the impact that Ethiopians and Eritreans have had in some areas of Washington D.C.