Listening to melancholia: Alice Walker's Meridian

ABSTRACT

Alice Walker's second novel, Meridian (1976), explores both the ways in which racist societies initiate and exacerbate melancholia and how this psychological dynamic can and must be overcome. The novel posits not a simple ‘cure’ but rather a process of questioning and learning from the past and one's painful attachments to it. In this way it negotiates scholarly concerns about psychoanalytic theory, as manifest particularly in literary criticism and critical race studies. Far from normalizing a form of identity focused on the past, this experimental novel depicts psychological transformation as an effort that requires the willingness to untangle the relationships involved in one's present, one's past and broader systems of social injustice.     

论20世纪50—70年代爱欲叙述中的性别政治

在中国革命胜利之后,为了社会秩序稳定,也为了聚拢、集结人们全部身体力量为革命建设服务,国家意识形态加强了对爱欲的管束与治理,革命伦理建立了压抑个人爱欲快感、崇尚奉献牺牲的革命爱欲观。然而,从性别政治角度考察,不论是“十七年”时期压抑爱欲的革命文学叙述,还是文革时期彻底剔除爱欲的激进文学叙述,写作者的性别立场仍潜在规约与影响着文本对男女两性性别角色的认知和建构。男作家的革命文本叙述也隐含着男性中心主义文化立场,而女作家的革命文本却在革命规范之内做着隐蔽的突破,试图为女性解放找寻合理路径,为女性寻求更加开阔的生存空间。     

中西叙事伦理研究之辨析

20世纪后期,叙事研究的伦理转向与伦理学的叙事转向几乎同时发生而又相互呼应,人文社会科学的跨学科融合推动了文学叙事伦理研究迅速发展。欧美叙事伦理研究发端于现实人文事件,列维纳斯和德里达的伦理哲学对自我与他者关系的重新认识以及女性主义伦理学对个体经验的意义肯定,导致西方伦理哲学研究楔入到文学叙事伦理研究之中;此外,以布思为代表的修辞叙事研究也启迪着哲学和文学学者的叙事伦理研究。伦理哲学领域的叙事研究路径与从文学修辞出发的叙事伦理研究路径交织在一起,核心在以叙事建构伦理意义,解构了伦理意义的确定性,具有很强的哲学思辨性。中国叙事伦理研究呈现出古今传承、中西融合的特点,在文学研究诸多领域均产生了广泛影响,其核心乃在以叙事反映或承载伦理意义,显示出中国传统批评的深刻印记。中西叙事伦理研究各有特点,应当相互取长补短。     

言说的疆域——浅谈大陆学者所撰台湾文学史的理论视野

历史叙事实则体现了写作主体的精神动态,通过历史叙事呈现,我们可以洞察主体意识形态走向.鉴于台湾文学史的特性以及两岸相隔的现实,大陆的台湾文学史写作更突出了距离对视中包含的种种政治文化想像,通过考察历史叙事提供的言说疆域版图,一方面可以探掘这一想像空间的多面维度,另一方面也可以完善学科的发展建设.本文选择刘登翰、杨匡汉、黎湘萍以及朱立立等所撰写的几本台湾文学史著作为样本,试析大陆学者台湾文学史理论视野的位移及其背后意识形态的变动.     

The Human Side of COVID‐19

The COVID‐19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a broad, deep, and pervasive impact on our lives, our work, and how our justice system functions. While it is easy to contemplate the “system” as a massive behemoth that is impervious, impersonal, and impenetrable, the truth is that the “system” is made up of people. The men and women whose work is the building blocks of the justice system are individuals, each with their own narrative, experience, perspective, and role in the administration of justice. To understand the system and the impact of COVID‐19, it is essential to understand the stories of those who work in the system. This article presents the individual and human stories of four professionals whose professional lives are a part of the justice system. Each of these professionals tells their personal story of COVID‐19 and reflects on how the pandemic affected them and their approach to the work that they do.     

《唐律疏议》中性别法规范表述技术评析

以《唐律疏议》为传统中国调整两性法律关系的代表进行分析发现,其大量运用性别相关的法律术语、构词形式等技术来对律文进行表述,标志着性别法规范立法水平的提高和技术的完善。分析《唐律疏议》中性别法规范的表述技术,可明显看到体现礼教内涵和性别偏向的趋势,这主要是受了中国传统的性别差等立法观念的影响。     

The Gender in Stories: How War Stories and Police Narratives Shape Masculine Police Culture

This research examines storytelling and narrative development in police culture related to gendered aspects of policing. Interviews with 28 officers indicates that women are frequently viewed through a gendered lens and that police storytelling appears an important context for understanding police culture. The types of stories explored in this paper–flow of action, war stories, and gender narratives–provide a context for understanding the (re)production of masculinity in policing. By paying close attention to police narratives we can gain insight into the maintenance of masculine police culture. The findings also build on the growing foundation of narrative inquiry in criminology.     

案件事实的人物建构——崔英杰案叙事分析

司法审判所依据的案件事实,不仅是证据的产物,更是一个叙事活动的产物,人物形象的塑造是其中关键的叙事策略。叙事者根据预设的人物形象及其价值定位,来运用证据等材料建构故事化的事实文本,并使用人物形象来诱导受众认同叙事者建构的文本以及叙事者所预期的司法结果。同时,司法结果能否得到民众的认可,除了必须符合实体和程序的法律规范,也需要让事实叙事符合民众的经验语境。     

Shaping the Scope of Conflict in Scotland’s Fracking Debate: Conflict Management and the Narrative Policy Framework

This study applies a narrative lens to policy actors’ discursive strategies in the Scottish debate over fracking. Based on a sample of 226 newspaper articles (2011–2017) and drawing on key elements of the narrative policy framework (NPF), the research examines how policy coalitions have characterized their supporters, their opponents, and the main regulator (Scottish government). It also explores how actors have sought to expand or contain the scope of conflict to favor their policy objectives. Empirically, only the government strives for conflict containment, whereas both pro‐ and anti‐fracking groups prioritize conflict expansion through characterization contests and the diffusion and concentration of the costs/risks and benefits of fracking. In theoretical terms, the study proposes that Sarah Pralle’s conflict management model, which emphasizes symmetrical strategies of conflict expansion by both coalitions, is a potential tool to revise extant NPF expectations about the different narrative strategies of winning and losing coalitions. Moreover, the fact that policy actors mostly employ negatively rather than positively framed characters in their narratives may be a valid expectation for similar policy conflicts, particularly under conditions of regulatory uncertainty.     

“I have always been so afraid”: Fearsome Encounters in Unni Lindell’s Rødhette

Norwegian crime writer Unni Lindell’s novel Rødhette [Red Riding Hood] (Oslo: Aschehoug & Co, 2004/2010) is a narrative about a woman whose feeling of safety transforms into a fear of violation, and how her defence against this fear takes the form of systematic violence. The novel is a rewriting of the traditional tale of “Little Red Riding Hood” and is a comment on the patriarchal premises of the most widely known version of this folktale. In the article, I discuss the representation of the female murderer as being in the grip of an affective economy based on the fear of male violence, represented in the novel by the metaphor of the “wolf”, and how fear grows into a comprehensive, moral and pragmatic, murderous orientation towards the world after an experience of violence. Theoretically, I draw on affect theory and particularly Sara Ahmed’s ideas about the affective politics of fear (The cultural politics of emotion. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014) and how this fear turns into a significant qualifier in encounters with people who are experienced as strangers (Strange encounters: Embodied others in post-coloniality. London: Routledge, 2000). Fear is treated in Lindell’s novel as a psychological constriction and a tool for the construction of agency, through which the mechanisms of othering and violence are explored.