笔迹鉴定中的漏笔画现象浅析

笔迹从其实质来看,是笔迹书写人书写技能和书写动作习惯的反映。笔迹鉴定结论正是笔迹鉴定人通过笔迹特征来认识书写人的书写技能和书写动作习惯,经过综合评断而给出的检材与样本是否同一的推断性意见。当检材或样本笔迹中出现漏笔画现象时,其是否可以反映书写人的书写动作习惯将直接影响笔迹鉴定人对笔迹书写人书写动作习惯的认识,进而影响鉴定结论的科学性。因此,正确地认识笔迹鉴定中的漏笔画现象,了解其产生的原因,将对笔迹鉴定具有重要的指导意义。     

消核冲剂对乳腺增生大鼠性激素水平及PCNA表达的影响

目的:观察中药复方消核冲剂对实验性乳腺增生大鼠血清性激素水平和增生乳腺组织中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达的影响,探讨该药物治疗乳腺增生病的可能机制.方法:Wistar雌性大鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组(对照组)、模型对照组(模型组)、消核冲剂组(中药组)、他莫昔芬组(西药组),每组15只.肌注苯甲酸雌二醇(E2)、黄体酮复制大鼠乳腺增生模型.模型复制后灌服药物,化学发光免疫法测定血清性激素水平,免疫组化法观察乳腺组织PCNA的表达.结果:中药组和西药组血清E2、孕酮(P)水平均低于模型组,差异有显著性;PCNA阳性细胞数目和阳性细胞面积中药组和西药组均明显减少.中药组各项指标的改变与西药组相比均无明显差异.结论:中药复方消核冲剂对乳腺增生大鼠血清性激素水平具有调节作用,同时也能够下调PCNA阳性表达.     

六方会谈与东北亚安全合作机制

朝核危机的爆发使得构建东北亚安全机制再次成为各国关注的课题。为了解决朝核危机,相关各国先后举行了六轮六方会谈。六方会谈取得了一些进展,也推动了东北亚安全机制的建设,但是作为一个问题机制而存在的六方会谈,不仅受限于朝鲜半岛局势的发展,还深深受限于中美关系的发展和中日之间的结构性矛盾。因此,即使最终能够成功地解决朝核问题,东北亚安全合作机制的建立还将有待于进一步努力。     

Why is there no securitisation theory in the Korean nuclear crisis?

Despite the fact that the Korean nuclear crisis is one of the most protracted security issues in the world, the research analysing the crisis from the perspective of securitisation theory is curiously absent. This article attempts to pin down some distinguishing features of South Korea’s securitisation of the nuclear threat posed by North Korea, thereby investigating why one rarely sees the implications of securitisation theory in the way that the Copenhagen School theorists would suggest. Borrowing the key components of securitisation theory—existential threats, referent objects and extraordinary measures—this article suggests three elusive characteristics of the South Korean actors’ speech acts as sources highlighting the dilemma. To make the article’s arguments clearer, I hold Floyd’s classification of securitisation theory, which separated the securitisation process into two different stages: securitising move and security practice. While acknowledging the importance of the differences between illocution and perlocution in a securitisation process, this article takes this logic one step further by suggesting the limits of the perlocutionary effect in making the securitisation process complete.     

核武器的“善”“恶”之辨

目前,国内外存在一种从道义上否定核武器的观点。不少学者认为核武器违背战争与伦理本质,会给人类带来灾难,因此是绝对的恶。这种观点理论上是站不住脚的,实践上是有害的。核武器的善恶是人们对研制、使用核武器目的、效果的道德判断,当它被用于善的目的并取得善的效果时,它就是善的。我国研制、发展核武器是善,因为它体现了我国的伦理精神。     

Nondestructive Methods for Recovery of Biological Material from Human Teeth for DNA Extraction

The extraction of DNA from human skeletal remains applied to forensic, and evolutionary studies do not exclude risks, which are to be evaluated when working with unique specimens that could be damaged or even destroyed. In the present study were evaluated several nondestructive methods for recovering DNA instead of the most currently used pulverization method. Three different procedures to access inside the dental pieces (occlusal perforation, cervical perforation, and cervical cut) have been compared with the aim of recovering as many cell remains as possible to carry out a DNA extraction. Given the DNA quantitation results, a method was proposed that consists of a cervical cut to facilitate the access to the pulp cavity and a subsequent filing of the root canals down to the apex of the dental root. This methodology allows the recovery of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, with the minimum deterioration for the dental pieces.     

核学习与印巴核威慑的稳定性分析

在西方国际政治学界 ,自 2 0世纪 70年代后期以来 ,有关学习理论及其在外交上的应用 ,一直是热门话题之一。约瑟夫·奈提出的核学习概念即是学习理论的重要成果之一。本文借助他对核学习的论述 ,来考察印巴之间的核学习及其对印巴核威慑稳定性的作用。文章认为 ,印巴之间所经历的六年多时间的核学习 ,在一定程度上促进了印巴之间核威慑的稳定性。但是 ,印巴核学习还有很长的路要走 ,而随着核学习进程的不断深入 ,印巴之间的核威慑关系将会更加稳定。     

Preferences,Knowledge, and Citizen Probability Assessments of the Terrorism Risk of Nuclear Power

How does the American public assess risk when it comes to national security issues? This paper addresses this question by analyzing variation in citizen probability assessments of the terrorism risk of nuclear power plants. Drawing on the literature on how motivated reasoning, selective information processing, and domain‐specific knowledge influence public opinion, we argue that heterogeneous issue preferences and knowledge of nuclear energy and homeland security have important explanatory power. Using original data from a unique 2009 national survey in the United States, we show that Americans are divided in their probability assessments of the terrorism risk of nuclear power plants. Consistent with our theoretical expectations, individuals who support using nuclear power to meet rising energy demands, who are generally less concerned with terrorism, or who are more knowledgeable about terrorism and nuclear security tend to provide lower assessments of the likelihood that nuclear power plants increase terrorist attacks, and vice versa. The findings have implications for the literature on public opinion, risk assessment, energy policy and planning, and homeland security.     

Reform of Nuclear Disasters＇ Legislation Adapting to Climate Change

核灾害的应对重在预防,而气候变化改变了核灾害的成灾机理,强化和放大了灾害风险。适应气候变化的核灾害应对制度变革：立法理念必须从减轻灾害向减轻灾害风险转变;内容创新必须重点突出核设施选址中夯实程序的完整性、非居住区和规划限制区制度中补充发展权补偿内容、防灾规划在体系完善基础上“融入主流”等三个方面;运行机制改革应该在国际层面创建多中心的灾害风险治理框架,在国内层面推进“三元、三级”的统舍与协调。     

利用放射性核素骨显像检查鉴别鼻部骨折新旧程度回顾性法医学分析

目的 利用放射性核素骨显像检查鉴别鼻部骨折的新旧程度.方法 对48例疑似陈旧性鼻部骨折伤者放射性核素全身骨显像、局部断层骨显像及CT融合图像在鼻部骨折处放射性分布、浓聚情况的分析,鉴别鼻部骨折的新旧程度.结果 48例中8例放射性核素全身骨显像、局部断层骨显像及CT融合图像在鼻部骨折处显示放射性分布增高、浓聚区,诊为新鲜骨折,评定为轻伤;40例在鼻部骨折处未见明显异常放射性分布增高、浓聚区,诊为陈旧骨折,与本次外伤无因果关系.结论 放射性核素骨显像检查在鉴别鼻部骨折新旧程度方面可得到满意结果.