井上光晴的核文学创作

核文学是20世纪70年代原爆文学的发展过程中,逐渐衍变出来的原爆文学的新形态。考察井上光晴的核文学创作历程,可以看出从对于人的命运的思考,到日本社会的心理悲剧分析;从广岛、长崎的个案,到核能的存在所引发的人类社会的精神危机,建构起井上光晴核文学的核心。可以认为,这也是战后日本原爆文学发展的一个缩影。     

Geopolitics of Nuclear Hypertrophy. America,the Bomb and the Temptation of Nuclear Primacy

The United States’ grand strategy has consistently been marked by a distinct tendency toward nuclear hypertrophy. Especially the inherent difficulties in extending deterrence to its allies and friends, compounded by the geopolitical characteristics of the US as an unassailable ‘insular’ fortress off Eurasia, have generated, rather paradoxically, a strong incentive for Washington to pursue a wide margin of nuclear superiority, if not nuclear primacy. This has implied, in turn, the deployment of redundant arsenals, robust counterforce capabilities and even a ballistic missile defence. Significantly, not even the Obama administration, though solemnly committed to nuclear disarmament, abstained from embracing a very ambitious modernisation program of American nuclear forces.     

Europe and Iran’s Nuclear Issue: The Labours and Sorrows of a Supporting Actor

At the time of writing, representatives from Iran and the E3/EU+3 are trying to work out an agreement that will guarantee that Iran’s controversial nuclear programme, widely suspected of having a military purpose, serves only peaceful ends. As the negotiations enter their most crucial phase, the time is ripe to attempt an assessment of the role played by the only actor, besides Iran, that has been on stage since it all began over ten years ago: Europe. Throughout this long drama, Europe’s performance has had some brilliant moments. Yet the quality of its acting has decreased as a new protagonist, the US, has come on stage. Overall, the Europeans’ record is positive, albeit not entirely spotless.     

核事故、能源结构调整与国际气候合作

福岛核事故将对各国能源结构调整和国际气候合作产生重大影响。从短中期来看,部分国家将对核能产业实施紧缩政策,化石能源比重可能增加,在国际气候合作中作出积极减排承诺的意愿也将降低,国际气候合作可能继续陷于僵局之中。在可预见的未来,人类需要通过追求核能安全来维护能源安全和气候安全。     

论戈尔什科夫的国家海上威力论及其现实意义——以海权理论为视角

苏联戈尔什科夫的国家海上威力论是海权理论在冷战期间发展的一个高峰。国家海上威力论认为大洋对人类生活具有非常重要的意义,国家有必要发展自己的海上威力。国家海上威力由海军、运输船队、捕鱼船队、科学考察船队等组成。海军的主要任务是对海作战和对陆打击等等。苏联红海军在国家海上威力论的指导下成为足以与美国海军相抗衡的强大海上武装力量。然而,国家海上威力论存在的缺陷与不足也给苏联的海权发展和海军建设带来了严重的后果,值得海权领域的学者深思。     

紫外线照射对牛孤雌激活卵母细胞和体细胞核移植胚胎体外发育的影响

分析了紫外线 (ultraviolet,UV)照射对牛孤雌激活卵母细胞和体细胞核移植胚胎卵裂和体外发育的影响。结果发现 ,经UV照射 2 0s和 40s的卵母细胞孤雌激活后的卵裂率和囊胚发育率都极显著低于UV照射 0s和 1 0s的卵母细胞 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,表明UV照射卵母细胞超过 2 0s降低了孤雌激活胚胎的卵裂和体外发育潜力。核移植中UV照射卵母细胞 2 0s后 ,重组胚的卵裂率极显著低于卵母细胞照射 0s和 1 0s时所构建的重组胚 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,但囊胚发育率无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;而UV照射卵母细胞 40s时 ,所构建的重组胚的卵裂率和囊胚发育率都明显低于其他各组 ,表明超过 2 0s的UV照射显著降低了重组胚的卵裂和体外发育潜力。研究结果表明 ,核移植中用UV指导卵母细胞去核时UV照射时间应控制在 2 0s以内 ,UV照射 1 0s对核移植胚胎的发育不产生任何负面影响     

The emotional motivation of righteous behavior

A distinction is made between two types of prosocial behavior: personal-helping and righteous behavior. Past studies suggest that sympathy may motivate personal helping but not righteous behavior. The latter may be better predicted by feelings of moral outrage and existential guilt. An experiment was designed to motivate a piece of righteous behavior, the writing of a political letter to stop the testing of nuclear weapons. A series of premeasures ascertained strength of attitude, sense of efficacy, acceptance of responsibility, and prior antinuclear behavior. Subjects who supported a nuclear freeze were exposed to material advocating a nuclear test ban, a video of a congressional aide who argued for the efficacy of writing letters to congressional representatives, and emotionally arousing material on the bombing of Hiroshima. After answering a questionnaire that included items to measure emotional state, subjects were individually given the opportunity to write a letter as they were waiting to be interviewed. Social pressure was deliberately minimized. Extent of moral outrage predicted both previous behavior and letter-writing behavior during the experiment. It combined with previous behavior and sense of efficacy to predict 56% of the variance in experimental behavior: Neither sympathy nor existential guilt were significantly related to this righteous behavior.     

日印近期强化战略合作的深层背景与影响

近期在中日关系因钓鱼岛争端而趋于紧绷之时,日印战略合作在不断深化"全球战略伙伴关系"基础上再度纵深发展。双方在民用核能、能源安全、经济贸易、战略安全与军事情报、推行价值观外交与构建海洋同盟等领域展开全面合作。日印关系的快速升温并非偶然,而是与亚太地区的权势转移与战略态势的急剧变化密切相关。尽管日印防务合作要达到战略同盟级也还很遥远,日印强化战略合作的具体影响还要更多的通过观察来确定,但日印全球战略伙伴关系持续走向深入,特别是军事合作趋于深化对中国周边安全环境的影响仍不能不令人警惕。     

韩国新能源领域知识产权与产业发展研究

作为一个能源贫乏的国家,韩国十分重视新能源领域的技术开发和产业发展。新能源领域的知识产权发展已经成为韩国应对能源问题的重要国策。在韩国政府的系统规划和具体产业政策引导下,韩国大型集团和高科技企业主导了新能源领域五大产业,即太阳能、风能、生物质能、核能和新能源汽车的知识产权发展,并通过技术转化促进了新能源各个产业产能水平和科技竞争力的提高。     

日本强震及核危机对世界经济的影响分析

地震、海啸、核安全问题接连发生,日本正在经历史上罕见的"大创伤"。强震、海啸、核危机对日本经济的负面冲击明显大于阪神地震。日本地震后的灾后重建与阪神地震时的财政环境明显不同,地震提高了日本政府的违约风险和隐含的主权债务风险。但对世界经济整体而言,日本大地震不会影响全球经济复苏的步伐。虽然全球股市企稳回升,但"核阴云"笼罩亚太、大宗商品呈现先抑后扬的态势,加之受利比亚战争及发达国家的量化宽松货币政策等外围因素影响,日本大地震使全球金融市场未来面临诸多不确定性。日本地震对中国经济影响有限,灾后重建对我国出口及产业发展带来有利契机。