对口述传统的纵横思考

“口述”和“传统”以及“口述传统”一直都存在着诸多争议。从“传统”的建构来看 ,社会记忆使“传统”通过“现在”而被呈现。从史学角度来看 ,“口述”与“历史”的携手不仅打破了历史陈述的垄断 ,赋予历史平民化、大众化的基本特色 ,而且也促使一些历史学家的史观发生转变。     

珍灵口服液的主要药效与毒性研究

目的：对珍灵口服液进行主要药效及毒性研究。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）测定小鼠血清中IgG含量，采用植物血凝素（PHA）刺激淋巴细胞转化－－小鼠体内诱导法测定淋巴细胞转化率；用TBA反应比色法测定小鼠血清中脂质过氧化物（LPO）的含量，用NBT法（四氮唑蓝法）测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的含量；并进行了急性和长期毒性试验。结果：小鼠血清IgG含量、淋巴细胞数、红细胞内SOD含量明显升高（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；血清中LPO含量明显降低（P＜0．05）；未见毒性反应。结论：珍灵口服液能增强机体免疫力，并具有降低机体损伤的功能，是安全有效的保健药品。     

试论高校普通话口语教学的创新与发展

普通话口语课程在各地高校特别是师范类院校已经开设多年,但由于受多种因素的影响,教学效果相当有限。为此,我们经过不断的探索和总结,在普通话口语教学的内容、手段和方法等方面必须进行大胆的改革和创新,并提出了进一步深化普通话口语教学的实践方向。     

综合语篇分析模式与公安英语口语教学

综合语篇分析模式是指将文体分析、语域分析、体裁分析综合运用于英语语篇教学的模式,将该模式应用于公安英语 口语教学将有利于培养学生在将来的公安工作中用英语办事的能力。     

无罪推定、沉默权、口供之比较

对无罪推定、沉默权、口供的历史渊源、法律含义以及各自体现的法律思想进行了分析对比和论证,从比较分析中理清了三者之间的关系。通过三者关系的比较得出,沉默权问题实际上是证据规则的告知问题,应当将沉默权置于整个证据体系中来研究。     

The impact of fentanyl on DUIDs and traffic fatalities: Blood and oral fluid data

Fentanyl has emerged as the most prolific drug in the ongoing opioid epidemic and has greatly impacted traffic safety in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate fentanyl prevalence and concentrations in blood and oral fluid in driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) cases in three different regions (i.e., Alabama, Orange County, CA, and Houston, TX) from 2017 to 2022. Furthermore, traffic fatalities were evaluated for Alabama and Orange County, CA. Fentanyl positivity in DUID and traffic fatalities increased for most years in this study. In Alabama, the prevalence of fentanyl DUID cases increased 4-fold in 2022 compared to 2017. Orange County's increase from 2017 to 2022 was 14-fold. In Houston, the increase was approximately 2-fold from 2019 to 2022. The greatest increase for all laboratories coincided with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, the median fentanyl DUID blood concentrations were 4.7, 11, and 4.7 ng/mL in Alabama, Orange County, and Houston, respectively. Most fentanyl cases were polydrug cases (≥90%). Methamphetamine, THC, and alprazolam were the most frequently detected drugs in combination with fentanyl. Alabama has collected oral fluid and blood in DUID cases since 2018. The detection of fentanyl in oral fluid was comparable to blood. However, 59% and 8.7% of fentanyl-positive cases had concentrations of >20 ng/mL in oral fluid and blood, respectively. Therefore, oral fluid as an alternative or supplemental specimen to blood is an attractive approach for fentanyl in DUID cases. This study contributes to understanding recent fentanyl trends and their impact on traffic safety.     

Vertical Lip Position and Thickness in Facial Reconstruction: A Validation of Commonly Used Methods for Predicting the Position and Size of Lips

This study examined several methods used to estimate oral fissure position, lip margin position, and lip thickness recommended by Angel, George, Lebedinskaya, Taylor, Wilkinson et al., Balueva and Veselovskaya. A sample of 86 lateral head cephalograms of adult subjects from central Europe were measured and the actual and predicted dimensions were compared. The best estimation for oral fissure position was “opposite the lower ¾ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.3 mm). Upper lip margin was predicted best by “upper ¼ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.7 mm), and lower lip margin by “cementum‐enamel junction of mandibular incisors” (error of 2.3 mm). The regression equations of Wilkinson et al. displayed least error (1.3 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively) for upper and lower lip thickness, and method of George (error of 3.4 mm) for total lip thickness.     

"粳"字音读刍议

"粳"字是个异读字,有[ck(eη)][ctψi(η)]两读.本文阐述了"粳"字产生异读的原因及其语音演变的过程,并对<现代汉语词典>只收录"粳"字[ctψi(η)]音的作法,发表了自己的见解.     

略论法学专业教学中对学生口头表达能力的培养

本人曾就如何在专业教学中培养学生的口头表达能力的问题作过一些探讨。但基于法学专业的特殊性和教学对象的特定性 ,现再就此问题作一些补充论证 ,以求在我们的法学专业教学中进一步给学生提供一些有效并能使学生乐于接受的方法 ,从而将提高学生的口头表达能力与法学专业教学目标相结合。     

论强制口供的存在必要--沉默权理论与实践反差的思考

沉默权作为西方刑事诉讼制度的重要内容被我国接受.然而,它在实践中不仅存在理论与实践的重大反差,而且存在法律文化的冲突,更为关键的是法律制度的建立和发展,应当照应社会发展的文明趋势,不能以单纯的人权取向为转移.所以,沉默权作为西方一定历史时期的法律产物,未必适应中国社会,未必是先进的诉讼制度,不应当盲目采纳.而强制口供不仅在中国而且在世界,不仅在过去而且在现在,都是普遍的法律制度和法治现象,具有不容忽视的存在理由和存在价值.