论依法治校的内涵和途径

我国的教育改革与发展已进入到前所未有的攻坚阶段 ,学校作为最基本的教育主体担负着教育发展的重任 ,学校能否发挥应有的作用 ,很大程度上取决于学校的管理理念和方略。各级各类学校的管理者 ,必须确立依法治校的办学思路和治校方略 ,把学校管理纳入科学化、规范化、法制化轨道     

Quick counts in the Mexican presidential elections: A Bayesian approach

In all democracies, anticipating the final results of a national election the same day the voters go to the polling stations is a matter of interest, for television stations and some civil rights organizations, for example. The most reliable option is a quick count, a statistical procedure that consists in selecting a random sample of polling stations and analysing their final counts to forecast the election results. In Mexico, a particularly important quick count is organized by the electoral authority. The importance of its results requires this exercise to be designed and executed with specially high standards far beyond those used in commercial studies of this type. In this paper, the model and the Bayesian analysis of the quick counts conducted by the Mexican authority, during the presidential elections in 2006 and 2012, are discussed.     

A Practical Guide for the Formulation of Propositions in the Bayesian Approach to DNA Evidence Interpretation in an Adversarial Environment

The interpretation of complex DNA profiles is facilitated by a Bayesian approach. This approach requires the development of a pair of propositions: one aligned to the prosecution case and one to the defense case. This note explores the issue of proposition setting in an adversarial environment by a series of examples. A set of guidelines generalize how to formulate propositions when there is a single person of interest and when there are multiple individuals of interest. Additional explanations cover how to handle multiple defense propositions, relatives, and the transition from subsource level to activity level propositions. The propositions depend on case information and the allegations of each of the parties. The prosecution proposition is usually known. The authors suggest that a sensible proposition is selected for the defense that is consistent with their stance, if available, and consistent with a realistic defense if their position is not known.     

大学生隐性思想政治教育创新研究

创新大学生隐性思想政治教育,是当前思想政治教育环境变化的客观需要,是提高思想政治教育时效性的必然选择,也是解决大学生隐性思想政治教育实际应用中出现的问题的现实诉求。为实现隐性思想政治教育的创新,必须将其与新媒体的使用、显性教育及专业教育相结合。大学生隐性思想政治教育的创新需要在发展理论、挖掘资源及拓展空间三个方面做出努力。     

参与城市治理:中国城市管理变革的新路径

中国城市正经历着城市化和全球化交织在一起的变革过程,预计这个变革过程在未来20年里还将加速。当前我国城市管理变革的关注点是改变原有城市管理以单一科层制为基础的行政性行为,拓宽城市管理的主体和手段,以城市治理的目标创新城市管理的内容。本文在对当前城市治理理论研究的评估分析基础上,提出基于政府、企业和社会组织互动的参与城市治理模式,并指明这一模式正是当前应对复杂适应系统管理挑战的新路径。     

Civic Participation in the Scottish Parliament Committees

We assess how far the committees of the Scottish Parliament have succeeded in engaging the public in their work, in line with the parliament's founding principles. We suggest that progress has been made, but argue that factors such as party politics and continuing support for traditional representative democratic norms have limited moves towards more participatory democracy. Evidence also suggests that engagement with politically marginalized groups has been limited and that, for this to change, issues of social inequality must be addressed.     

Substantive Participation: A Model of Public Participation that Works for Citizens and Administrators

Decision-makers and affected parties engaged in solving contemporary governmental problems are recognizing that traditional decision-making strategies are insufficient. A participatory democracy approach to public participation has been offered as a potential solution to these problems; however, a more sophisticated understanding of this approach is needed. This study defines a more substantive brand of public participation, identifies barriers to its implementation, and provides recommendations for implementation. Models of substantive participation should empower and educate all stakeholders, reeducate public administrators, and establish new administrative structures and processes. These objectives as well as a discussion of particular barriers to substantive participation are outlined.     

Leadership in the OVOP and Similar Movements: The Comparative Study Between the OVOP Movement in Japan and OTOP Project in Thailand

This study is concerned with the comparative study of leadership in the “One Village, One Product” (OVOP) and similar movements in Japan and the “One Tambon, One Product” (OTOP) project in Thailand. The aim of the study is to explore leadership constructed in the OVOP movement and OTOP project. This study uses in-depth semi-structured interviews of leaders in Thailand and Oita prefecture. The model developed from this research presents some similarities and differences in terms of objectives, structure, qualities and processes between the OVOP movement and OTOP project. The study also highlights the recommendations for the OTOP project in Thailand and other OVOP-equivalent movements in other countries.     

Examining Citizen Participation: Local Participatory Policy Making and Democracy

Citizen participation is usually seen as a vital aspect of democracy. Many theorists claim that citizen participation has positive effects on the quality of democracy. This article examines the probability of these claims for local participatory policymaking projects in two municipalities in the Netherlands. The article focuses on the relations between citizens and government from a citizens' perspective. The findings show that the role of citizens in these projects is limited, serving mainly to provide information on the basis of which the government then makes decisions. Nevertheless, the article argues that citizen involvement has a number of positive effects on democracy: not only do people consequently feel more responsibility for public matters, it increases public engagement, encourages people to listen to a diversity of opinions, and contributes to a higher degree of legitimacy of decisions. One negative effect is that not all relevant groups and interests are represented. The article concludes that for a healthy democracy at the local level, aspects of democratic citizenship are more important than having a direct say in decision-making.     

Prospects for Local Collaboration into an Uncertain Future: Learning from Practice within Labour's Partnership Paradigm

Achieving effective local collaboration, a strong theme of the previous Labour government, may actually become more important given Coalition government policies emphasising decentralisation and encouraging alternative providers of public services. Therefore, it remains essential to learn from experiences of collaboration especially as, despite significant research, few studies explicitly identify guidance for improving this practice that is of specific relevance to local policy actors. In order to do so, a decentred and ethnographic approach was adopted to examine collaboration in a case study of a Sport and Physical Activity Alliance in Casetown, a medium-sized city in the south of England. Findings from this case study reinforced those found in other studies that pointed to the constraints of targets imposed by the Labour government, ingrained approaches to public administration and lack of open acknowledgement of power differentials impeding the development of effective collaboration. Drawing on the suggestions of those involved in the alliance, an alternative vision of collaboration is advocated, focused on shared learning and bottom-up implementation within more fluid and open structures in which there would be greater scope for the exercise of agency on behalf of those individuals and organisations involved. As during the period of the Labour government, aspects of current wider policy agendas may impede as well as support the development of this alternative vision of collaboration. Nevertheless, it is argued that reflexive local actors may collectively be able to address the contextual challenges that exist in order to develop more effective forms and practices of collaboration.