刑事政策研究的中国特色

中国的刑事政策研究基本与改革开放的进程同步,成就斐然,特色明显,问题也非常突出。总结刑事政策研究的中国特色,分析其形成的原因,对于进一步繁荣中国刑事政策研究,科学指导刑事政策实践,有效推进社会主义法治国家建设,意义重大。     

比较法、因特网与法律趋同化

比较法具有无穷的魅力,可以促进法律和人类的进步。有学者认为比较法的目的是创建共同法,但这种观点过于理想化。将比较法的目的定位在促进法律趋同化是较为合理的。法律趋同化具有历史必然性,而比较法可以促进法律趋同化走势的加强。因特网为比较法研究提供了丰富的法律资料,使比较法得到了蓬勃发展,从而使法律趋同化走势达到了前所未有的高度。同时,因特网本身促进了各国文化的趋同,这从另一方面推动了法律的趋同化。     

论公共政策创新的触发机制

国家的发展及其竞争力的高低在很大程度上取决于公共政策的质量，因此需要政府不断地进行公共政策创新。公共政策创新是政府面对环境的变化和竞争的挑战而进行的主动行为，而触发机制则是公共政策创新过程诱发、催促初始政策设计或最初政策发动的催化剂。     

Horizontal mergers and efficiencies; theory and anti trust practice

Horizontal mergers can be challenged by anti trust authorities under both the US and EU Horizontal Merger Guidelines. More horizontal mergers are unconditionally approved in the US than in the EU. EU merger policy toughened after 1998 but became more in line with US practices after 2004. Differences in merger policies between the US and the EU can be explained by a greater scope of the efficiency argument in the US. The paper argues that firms only want to merge in oligopoly, if they expect to realize substantial merger specific efficiency gains, which counterbalances the price increasing effect of merger.      

“We really don’t want to move,but...”: identity and strategy in the internationalisation of industrial R&;D

In Norway, as in many other high-cost OECD countries in a geographical and cultural periphery, policy-makers seem to have given up attempts at attracting large numbers of foreign R&D investments. Instead, a major focus of innovation policies is to help companies internationalise yet with an aim to maintain or even increase their level of R&D and other innovation activities nationally. Based on case studies of eight Norwegian companies and their motives for and experiences with internationalisation of R&D, this article questions this policy. From the perspective of the companies, many factors explain how, why and where they carry out their R&D activities.      

Advancing measures of innovation in the United States

This paper introduces major themes addressed in this special issue, which is based on NSF's Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS) workshop Advancing Measures of Innovation—Knowledge Flows, Business Metrics, and Measurement Strategies, held on June 6-7, 2006 near Washington, D.C. The first two sections describe the workshop and provide a brief background on R & D and innovation metrics. The last section introduces the papers. They are based on selected workshop presentations along with additional invited papers.

东北振兴政策实践效果评价与政策启示——基于全要素生产率增长的全国比较

通过利用马奎斯特(DEA-Malmquist)指数计算得到我国各省的全要素生产率增长及其构成,对比分析东北三省与全国各省的计算情况,发现2003~2007年我国东北振兴政策实践未达到理想效果,提出东北振兴政策的一个重点指向就是对技术研发与创新、资源节约和生产要素高效利用进行大力支持。     

东盟国家的语言政策对英语变体影响探析

英语在东盟国家使用十分广泛,语言的使用离不开人与人之间的交流。在特定的区域里由于受到各种因素的影响,语言会发生变体现象。为了更好地了解东南亚英语变体,本文主要从东盟主要国家的语言政策的角度分析其对于东南亚英语变体的影响。     

经济与安全“再平衡”下的美国对华政策调整

2008年金融危机加剧了美国自伊拉克和阿富汗战争以来所面临的内外挑战,重建美国力量和影响成为奥巴马政府的核心任务。为此,奥巴马政府提出进行经济"再平衡"和安全"再平衡"。他们认为,美国过去那种由消费信贷和赤字财政所刺激的繁荣是不可持续的,必须重新平衡储蓄、投资、借贷和出口的关系。在此,扩大对华出口与投资是其中一个重要手段。与此同时,美国一些高层人士认为,过去将反恐作为首要战略目标为中国在亚洲地区的扩张提供了机会。随着恐怖主义威胁的降低,美国必须重返亚洲,确保地区主导权。在中短期内,美国对华地缘政治"再平衡"必然会影响到其对华经济"再平衡"的方向;从长远来看,经济交往的深入发展将进一步缓解两国地缘政治关系的紧张。     

Why can't development be managed more like a funeral? Challenging participatory practices

The adoption of techniques to elicit community participation in development practice is an important step forward. The question remains whether this is sufficient for development outcomes that accord with the aspirations of ‘participants’. Community perceptions are somewhat different, as our own conclusions demonstrate. We have developed a ‘methodology of inclusiveness’, based on community institutions which embed collective social action in everyday life. We use the analogy of funerals as collective action in which activities are planned, roles are demarcated, responsibilities are assigned, and desired outcomes are realised. We ask the question: why can't development be managed more like a funeral?