科学马克思主义观的深化与拓展--论党的第三代中央领导集体的马克思主义观

党的第三代中央领导集体的马克思主义观,经历了一个确立、成熟和深入发展的阶段.从发生论、本质论、结构论、特征论和价值论等方面回答了什么是马克思主义的问题;从认真地学习和研究、完整准确地理解、既坚持又发展、不断进行理论创新、理论联系实际等方面说明了怎样对待马克思主义的问题.这一科学的马克思主义观具有重要的理论价值和实践意义.     

三代领导集体与“三个代表”思想

三代领导集体党建理论的核心内容是“三个代表”思想。在不同的历史时期 ,他们的表述不尽一致 ,但精神实质是一致的。“三个代表”是马克思主义建党学说在新的历史条件下的继承和发展 ,是三代领导集体党建理论和实践的总结和发展。     

Issue Convergence in Presidential Campaigns

This effort seeks to expand our understanding of the supply-side of the campaign process by investigating how candidate competition for agenda control affects occurrences of issue convergence (the discussion of the same issues by competing candidates) in campaigns for the presidency. More specifically, I integrate hypotheses suggested by extant literature into a framework that captures the factors that motivate presidential candidates selection of issues and the factors that affect their decisions to address issues also discussed by their opponents. These hypotheses are tested with duration analysis and data gathered from all available campaign advertisements produced by candidates competing in the 1976 through 1996 presidential elections. The results indicate that occurrences of issue convergences are quite frequent in presidential campaigns and that candidates decisions to address the same issues are affected by an issues saliency and partisan ownership, as well by changes in the campaign environment.     

Japan and the Gulf crisis: Still searching for a role

Neither the major assumptions of developmental statist theories nor their revised arguments (e.g. network and internal organization theories) can persuasively elucidate the South Korean state's strong autonomy vis‐à‐vis the capitalist group in establishing and implementing economic/ industrial policies. A more relevant elucidation can be made by attending to the following three points: 1) one can more clearly show the former's autonomy in relation to the latter by examining discordant rather than amicable aspects of the relationship between them; 2) the strength of the East Asian state's autonomy lies not in its inherent, absolute cohesiveness but in its ‘political integrating power'; 3) in interpreting the state's strong autonomy vis‐à‐vis society, more research on political and administrative factors (rather than economic ones) need to be conducted. Also important are the behaviour of political and administrative agents who operate institutions and various interactions among them. To enforce these points, this article analyzes the political aspects of the state‐capital relationship while the South Korean government established anti‐chaebôl policies to restrict economic concentration via big businesses.     

城中村改造中的政府责任论

城中村改造涉及各种利益冲突,事关社会经济生活的有序运行,人民权利的实现;危及公众的切身利益、公共利益和公共安全;影响城市的发展、和谐与稳定。因此,在城中村改造中必须确立政府责任。人民主权原则是政府责任确立的理论基础,城中村改造市场存在着市场缺陷与市场失灵,需要政府"看得见的手"进行干预是政府责任确立的客观要求。城中村改造面临的困境是政府责任确立的现实诉求,政府主导是政府责任实现方式的集中体现,尽快制定和出台《城中村改造法》是政府责任确立的路径选择。     

Sri Lanka’s Long Constitutional Moment

Constitutional change in Sri Lanka has been a vexed issue and one mired in party politics for many years now. Particularly intractable difficulties have surfaced over whether the country should jettison the semi-presidential form of government, introduced in 1978, in favour of a Westminster model under which the prime minister would enjoy greater powers. The recent presidential and parliamentary elections, which saw a decisive shift in the popular mood, have brought the debate over constitutional reform into sharp focus and have already led to a number of important initiatives by the new government headed by President Maithripala Sirisena. This article assesses the implications of those initiatives and examines the key challenges that remain to be addressed. It argues that the ‘constitutional moment’ created by the combined outcome of the two recent elections has the potential for further, far-reaching reform.     

Mandela and excellent African leadership: Theory and lessons for practice from an appreciative thematic analysis

Nelson Mandela is highly regarded as an example of excellent leadership. Yet little has been done in communication studies to describe his leadership communication. Significantly, little has been done to locate and to theorise about his leadership style in relation to the African moral philosophy of ubuntu. the article presents an appreciative thematic analysis of how Mandela’s leadership communication practices were eulogised in tributes written in his memory in selected South African newspapers. An innovative method of appreciative thematic enquiry is used to arrive at three key themes of praise for the leadership of Mandela. Lessons for leadership are drawn out and highlighted.     

Going Beyond Heroic Leaders in Development

Leadership is an under‐studied topic in international development. When the topic is broached it is usually to support what might be called a “hero dependency”: One or other individual is identified as the hero of a past event (or the hero‐to‐be of a future event). This article argues that this dependency is problematic, however, because (i) heroes have not emerged in many contexts for long periods and individuals who may have been considered heroes in the past often turned out less than heroic, (ii) heroes are at least as much the product of their contexts as they turned out to be the shapers of such, and (iii) stories about hero‐leaders doing special things mask the way such special things emerge from the complex interactions of many actors—some important and some mundane. Notions of hero‐leadership in development are less convincing when one appreciates these arguments. Referencing broader work on leadership (and some in the development space itself) the article calls development theorists and practitioners to go beyond the heroic leader perspective in thinking about who leads development. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论女性政治参与能力建构

我国倡导妇女参政议政的政策法规并不少,但现实中女性参政比例却一直偏低,究其原因很多,妇女参政能力恐怕是其中重要的制约因素之一。据研究,女性的受教育程度是她们参政意愿、参政程度的主要影响因素。女性受教育程度越高,她们的政治参与度也越高,反之亦然。女性只有全面提升自我,充分发挥自身才能,积极参与和影响国家事务的管理与决策,才能真正获得解放与发展。     

Public sector leadership‐subordinate ethical diffusion conundrum: perspectives from developing African countries

The interaction between organizational superiors and their subordinates has a practical implication on the entire organizational life cycle in terms of ethical conduct. This study explores how ethics among public leadership could trickle down on the conduct of public employees by using two empirical cases from developing African countries context. Using the attraction–selection–attrition and social learning models, the study assesses how superiors influence street level bureaucrats' interaction with clients or customers. Drawing from existing cases and other secondary data, we propose a leadership‐ethical diffusion model that argues that subordinates' perception and experience of superiors' behavior tend to create a kind of organizational ‘ethical groupthink’, which spans the rank and file of the organization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.