The dilemmas of pursuing ‘throughput legitimacy’ through participatory mechanisms

Under pressure to open up the ‘black box’ of governance, technocratic bodies are increasingly seeking to include civil society participation in the policy process. This article draws on empirical cases from the European Commission and NHS England to assess the extent to which the participatory mechanisms pursued by these institutions have been successful in eliciting ‘throughput legitimacy’. It is shown that though these mechanisms have taken very different forms – the former a classic instance of ‘window dressing’ participation, the latter closer to ‘best practice’ in this field – they nevertheless share a number of ongoing vulnerabilities. The article outlines the shared organisational, operational and existential dilemmas that technocratic bodies face when eliciting civil society participation, and highlight their reliance on backstage negotiation to sustain stakeholder buy-in. It concludes by highlighting the prospect that the pursuit of throughput legitimacy for technocratic bodies entails inherent limitations and contradictions.     

劳动者举报行为和忠诚义务的冲突与协调 —— 比较法的启示与中国法的完善

劳动者通过举报用人单位的违法行为,可以减少监管成本,保护社会公共利益;然而,这种行 为却违反其所应该负的忠诚义务。因此,只有明晰两者之间的边界,鼓励与规范劳动者举报行为,才可以既保 护社会公共利益,又不至用人单位遭受经济损失。在比较发达国家对劳动者举报行为与忠诚义务相关规定的基 础上,研究认为,应该通过规定劳动者举报行为的合法性要件,明确劳动者忠诚义务来化解其举报行为和忠诚 义务的冲突。此外,应该通过改善对劳动者举报的奖励制度和制定举报救济措施来激励和保障其举报行为。     

An Honourable Profession: Public Employees and Identity Construction in Chile, 1880–1920

This paper analyses how public employees at two Chilean government offices constructed their occupational identities. In contrast to the vast majority of previous work, which took the 1920s as its starting point, this study focuses on the period between 1880 and 1920. Additionally, the construction of identity is analysed in direct relation to performance in the workplace. The paper asserts that public criticism of their performance prompted public employees to develop an image of themselves based on the concept of their honourability as competent and honest workers.     

From ‘Green Laggard’ to Regional Leader: Explaining the Recent Development of Environmental Policy in Chile

Environmental policy in Chile has developed rapidly in recent years, and the country has become a regional leader in renewable energy, climate change policy, recycling, and nature conservation. This contrasts with the previous neglect of environmental issues in the country and its depiction as a ‘green laggard’ (Orihuela, 2014: 251) within Latin America. In this article the recent development of environmental policy in Chile is reviewed and five factors affecting this development are analysed: international influences, institutional legacies, a window of opportunity opened by environmental movements, policy entrepreneurship, and business power.     

Bringing the Revolution to the Countryside: Rural Health Programmes as State‐Building in Post‐1952 Bolivia

Bolivia's Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, MNR) took power in April 1952 via a popular social revolution. After 1952, the party implemented state‐sponsored modernisation projects, including extending rural public health programmes. The MNR used health programmes to change rural practices, cultivate political loyalty, and expand the state's political power. Yet rural indigenous communities were hardly passive recipients of these programmes. These communities often requested government services, and they borrowed the MNR's own political rhetoric to position themselves as worthy of state attention. Public health programmes increased access to rural health care, but they also allowed state officials and rural communities to negotiate the MNR's authority.     

‘A Sick,Weak, and Ignorant People’: Public Health Education and Prevention in Rural Colombia, 1930–1940

This article analyses Salud y Sanidad (Health and Sanitation), a government journal edited in 1930s Colombia. It examines the state's model of public health, which proposed education and prevention as strategies to guarantee the success of its programmes. It argues that despite the journal's more progressive approaches, editors and contributors reproduced stereotypes about Colombia's rural inhabitants that contradicted state rhetoric and showed the limits of public health models that do not address the underlying social inequities that drive the propagation of poverty and disease in rural areas, and that ultimately continued to blame victims for their illness and misfortune     

从独白走向对话:公共治理价值体系的哲学意蕴与实践

随着传统公共行政向现代公共治理结构转型,官僚体制下的“独白式”体制的逐渐解体,话语垄断权的打破．建立在民主参与取向、责任取向、正义取向、回应取向和伦理取向基础上的公共治理价值体系初步形成,开始走向“对话式”体制。在治理主体和治理对象的“互主体性”关系中践行公共治理价值体系,是实现行政哲学由独白走向对话的必然路径与选择。     

贯彻实事求是思想路线 全面加强公安队伍建设

实事求是的思想路线是我们党的根本思想路线 ,是毛泽东思想、邓小平理论的精髓 ,对公安队伍建设有着非常重要的作用。当前公安队伍建设中存在着很多违背实事求是思想路线的问题。对此 ,应通过狠抓公安机关的理论建设 ,加强公安队伍的政治建设、思想道德建设、素质建设、管理机制建设等措施加以解决。     

公安机关调解民事纠纷立法缺陷及其完善

公安机关调解的民事纠纷日益增多 ,但现有法律在这方面的规定不具体、不明确、不合理。应在立法上将公安机关调解的民事纠纷分为因违法犯罪引起的民事纠纷和一般民事纠纷两类 ,并分别作出专门规定 ,以提高公安机关对违法犯罪行为引起的民事纠纷的调解的法律效力 ,明确公安机关调解一般民事纠纷的范围、原则、程序、效力     

试探公安队伍管理的基本规律

要实现公安队伍的革命化、现代化、正规化,就必须加强对公安队伍的严格管理。根据《中共中央关于加强公安工作的决定》和公安队伍建设“从严治警”的基本方针,结合公安队伍管理的现状,探索出了四条基本规律：领导权威控制规律;公安行为规范规律;集体行动协调规律;队伍合力凝聚规律。