论网络交易平台提供商之交易安全保障义务

网络交易平台提供商是指为网络购物交易方提供网络交易平台服务的人。网络交易平台提供商的交易安全保障义务是指网络交易平台提供商负有的采取直接或间接措施避免或减少网络交易风险,保护交易方财产利益不受损害的法律义务。该义务防范的交易风险主要是交易方实质性的虚假陈述及不归因于交易方的重要信息错误、延误、丢失或不能辨认,而不包括一般的违约行为及产品责任风险。该义务应该由法律直接规定最低标准,但并不排除当事方之间进行更高水平的约定。最低标准可参照侵权法上的安全保障义务的要求设定,并融合限制网络服务提供商损害赔偿责任的＂安全港＂制度。     

European national news

The regular article tracking developments at the national level in key European countries in the area of IT and communications – co-ordinated by Herbert Smith LLP and contributed to by firms across Europe. This column provides a concise alerting service of important national developments in key European countries. Part of its purpose is to compliment the Journal's feature articles and Briefing Notes by keeping readers abreast of what is currently happening “on the ground” at a national level in implementing EU level legislation and international conventions and treaties. Where an item of European National News is of particular significance, CLSR may also cover it in more detail in the current or a subsequent edition.     

Towards a Theory of Institutionalized Judicial Exceptionalism

What happens when the exception becomes the norm, what happens when the law becomes a form for that which cannot have a legal form, that is, the political? The focus of this article is a form of power politics that is institutionalised and set up to work side by side with the existing legal system as a sort of normalized, co‐ordinated court procedure, initiated with the aim of subjecting specific groups (terrorists, criminals) to extended regulatory control and enforcement. These strategic bureaucratic mechanisms of exclusion appear as security enforced measures, which side by side with the existing ‘normal’ legal system govern a specific judicial‐political area. The normalised (or rooted, if one wishes) incorporation of extra‐judicial authority within the legal system will in the article be refered to as institutionalised judicial exceptionalism. The purpose of the article is to theorise and conceptualise the in many ways murky or indistinct phenomenon of institutionalised judicial exceptionalism.This task includes suggesting a model capable of assimilating within its theory the displacement in the relationship between the state, the law and the citizen that stems from the fact that the ever more securitized discourses on terrorism and crime increasingly take priority over the ordinarily non‐derogable principle of equality before the law.     

博客服务商与博主著作权法律关系探究

随着博客规模的不断扩大和博客服务商数量的猛烈增加,博客著作权问题日益凸显出来。博主享有博客原创作品的著作权,但博客服务商以自己对博客享有管理维护权为由而任意行使本该属于博主的信息网络传播权等著作权。因此,有必要通过法律保护、技术保护和制度保护等途径维护博主的利益。     

从“百度文库案”窥侵犯著作权罪的立法纠结——兼评2011年《关于办理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》

#"$$ 年《若干意见》进一步明确了侵犯著作权罪的定罪量刑标准，但《若干意见》在对侵犯著作权罪的解释中仍然存在着主客观方面的纠结，立法层面的规范纠结必将使得立法意图无法实现。解开纠结的路径应为：在主观方面，提高网络信息服务提供者的审查义务，即只要网络信息服务提供者在他人上传侵权作品的网站上直接或者间接收取费用，就推定其明知他人上传的作品侵权并利用；在客观方面，将“利用他人上传的侵权作品”涵盖在“发行”的外延中。     

论网络交易平台提供商的民事法律责任

目前我国法律关于网络服务平台提供商的义务并无明文规定，各种纠纷发生后其所应当承担的法律责任如何认定亦是法律上的一个难题。网络交易平台提供商在性质上是独立于交易双方的中介，其通过平台的技术支持，实现交易的自动完成。因此，对于网络交易平台提供商不能完全套用现有的法律进行规制，应当根据其自身的特点设定其应当承担的法律义务及法律责任。网络交易平台提供商对于注册用户之间的交易纠纷应承担过错责任。     

“通知删除”规则的再检讨

"通知删除"规则通过激励网络服务提供者接收来自权利人的侵权通知,采取相应必要措施,配合权利人维权,制止网络侵权行为的蔓延。我国《侵权责任法》第36条已然将《信息网络传播权保护条例》所规定的"通知删除"规则修正为"通知与必要措施"规则。实践中,包括接入、传输服务提供者等在内的网络服务提供者应当适用"通知删除"规则,并根据案件的具体情况,参考比例原则采取必要措施,且其采取的措施并不限于"定位清除",还包括建立顺畅的"通知—受理—转通知"渠道以及提供侵权行为人相关信息、终止网络服务等与其所提供服务的特点相匹配的措施。     

Management Authority of Estate Service Provider in Civil Code

The work of estate service providers is kind of service for the resident occupants. But they have certain management authority at the same time. The above seemingly contradictory phenomenon requires a proper explanation for the clarification of the basic structure of China's estate system. Based on the membership right in the condominium ownership, the owner can manage the property and the person, which is the estate management of the owner. The owner entrusts the preservation and maintenance of the common parts in the property management to the property service provider through the contract, which is provided by the estate service provider based on the contract. Because of the natural inconvenience of the owners in human management, the owners can also entrust the management content of the people to the estate service providers, thus forming the management authority of the estate service providers. In order to avoid the absence of necessary delegation, there are two types of delegation: statutory and contractual.     

European national news

The regular article tracking developments at the national level in key European countries in the area of IT and communications – co-ordinated by Herbert Smith LLP and contributed to by firms across Europe. This column provides a concise alerting service of important national developments in key European countries. Part of its purpose is to compliment the Journal's feature articles and briefing notes by keeping readers abreast of what is currently happening “on the ground” at a national level in implementing EU level legislation and international conventions and treaties. Where an item of European National News is of particular significance, CLSR may also cover it in more detail in the current or a subsequent edition.     

网络服务提供者侵权规则实施的实证研究

通过对网络用户和网络服务提供者进行问卷调查方式,了解和分析《侵权责任法》第36条实施的影响:从规则实施对网络用户表达自由的影响、网络用户具体保护权利途径选择和受侵害权利三个方面调查了规则实施对网络用户的影响;从处理网络侵权的成本和承担风险两个方面考察了规则实施对网络服务提供者的作用;接着调查的问题是程序性规则的实施情况,分别为通知规则、侵权行为判断和反通知三方面。通过对调查问卷分析得出结论,需要在规则实施中注重表达自由的保护,实施中应该平衡保护网络服务提供者的利益,并进一步完善网络服务提供者侵权规则实施体系。