个人解雇保护立法实践的国际比较：回应与建设

在个人解雇保护制度的基本要素中,我国在解雇理由、解雇费、不公平解雇赔偿金、不公平解雇主张的时效和复职程度等五个方面的立法规制强度高于国际平均水平;在解雇通知期、解雇程序、通知期开始前的延迟时间三个方面的立法规制强度低于国际平均水平。但综合来看,我国解雇理由虚严实宽,在解雇灵活性和解雇成本方面呈现出复杂扭曲的特点,尤其是定期劳动合同的解雇保护制度大幅降低了我国解雇保护的水平。借鉴国际立法例,根据我国的国情,可以在劳资双方都可接受的限度内,循降低解雇行为灵活性、改变解雇经济成本结构的思路提高解雇保护严格度,并做若干具体制度之改进。     

76例113耳的耳蜗电图及听性脑干反应的法医学鉴定

使用NicoletSpirit诱发电位测试系统，结合纳音测听等对76例耳部和头领受伤者113耳进行检测。受试者分为两类：一是鼓膜穿孔32耳，分为小穿孔、中穿孔及大穿孔；二是鼓膜无穿孔81耳，分为轻度聋、中度聋、重度聋、严重聋及极度聋。分别进行耳蜗电图（EcochG）和听性脑干反应（ABR）测试，将鼓膜小穿孔、中穿孔和鼓膜无穿孔的轻度聋、中度聋与正常对照组的相关反应波潜伏期分别进行统计学分析表明，在方差分析和60项双项比较的Q检验中得出有显著差异者（P＜0．05）达76．7％，其中极显著差异者（P＜0．01）达70％。     

对犯罪反应的合理组织——兼谈死刑的刑法价值

犯罪是任何社会所都不能容忍的丑恶现象.对于犯罪,不同社会给予的反应方式也不尽相同.如何选择一种能够最大限度体现公正、正义与效益,即合理的反应方式,在刑事政策的理论与实践中,无论对于犯罪人的回归,还是构建理性化的刑事思想体系,都具有一定的研究价值.死刑作为目前最严厉的刑罚,其对于犯罪的反应尤为敏感.因此,对于死刑的刑法价值的研究也是本文研究的侧重点之一.     

病毒调控宿主免疫反应的研究进展

病毒感染宿主后,针对宿主免疫反应的特点和薄弱环节,形成了多种方式拮抗宿主的免疫防御。论述了病毒抑制体液免疫及其抑制或调节细胞因子活性的过程和方式,旨在从分子水平上阐明病毒逃避免疫应答的机理。     

No supply without demand: explaining the absence of the EU Battlegroups in Libya,Mali and the Central African Republic

Although the sad track record of the EU Battlegroups has attracted considerable scholarly attention, analyses have largely focused on obstacles related to the provision of the Battlegroup troops and to the consensus within the EU Council, hence taking a supply-side perspective. This article calls for complementing this perspective with an analysis of the demand for their deployment. That implies analysing whether and why the EU Battlegroups were (not) considered as an option by those actors taking the initiative to intervene in a particular crisis. Applying a rational-institutionalist approach, this article explains the absence of the Battlegroups from three recent crises: Libya (2011), Mali (2013) and the Central African Republic (2013–2014). Using data from document analysis and elite interviews, it shows that once a rapid military reaction became urgent, the EU Battlegroups were not even considered as an option by those initiating an international reaction.     

The utility of trauma evaluations in judicial decision-making in child sex trafficking cases: A qualitative analysis

Youth coerced into trafficking experience multiple forms of abuse, and are deprived of basic human rights associated with liberty and self-determination, all of which can adversely affect mental and psychological well-being (Ottisova et al., Behavioral Medicine, 44(3), 234-241.). This study uses a qualitative approach to exploring how judges use trauma-related information to make decisions about how to adjudicate cases involving minors who have been sexually trafficked. Additionally, the study identifies barriers to receiving data, the court resources needed to effectively respond, and potential remedies to address gaps in effective case management. The study uses data from 82 juvenile and family court judges from around the USA 27-item structured interview was used to determine the availability and utility of trauma services, needed resources, and solutions to overcome gaps in effective case adjudication. Themes emerged related to lack of access to and timing issues that limited the utility of reports, lack of congruency between recommendations and available resources and child and family resistance to disclosures. Solutions to overcome barriers are related to increased cross-disciplinary collaboration, awareness and responsiveness. Legal remedies such as Safe Harbor laws can only be realized if the systemic context is aligned and appropriately resourced toward responsiveness.     

调解中的博弈与对策——对一宗交通事故调解案的分析

调解的过程其实是一场博弈的过程。调解过程中当事人的空间位置以及相关的人文空间对警察作为调解组织者权力的实际运作可能产生重大的影响。为了调解成功,应当通过自然空间和人文空间的转变,重新构造权力格局,确保警察的权威。另外,陪同当事人参与调解的亲朋好友在调解过程中具有独特的地位,劝服他们是成功调解所必须解决的问题。     

Quick Response Code In Acrylic Denture: Will it Respond When Needed?

Use of acids and other caustic substances in destroying the human body to avoid personal identification is drawing great deal of attention in recent times. With rapid industrial growth, incidence of industrial disasters has increased. In an event of chemical industry disaster, human identification can become a challenge. Embedding bar codes and other electronic means for identification in denture have proved to be a novel innovation in identification of edentulous patients. However, the validity of this method in events of chemical extremes has not been assessed. Hence, the study was undertaken to know the effect of different acids on dentures embedded with quick response codes. Results of this study indicate that simple bar code can be readable up to 33 h after acid treatment. With minimal armamentarium, bar code can be generated incorporating large data into it, providing it to be a cheap and reliable means of denture identification.     

Use of Postmortem Temperature Decay Response Surface Plots of Heat Transport in the Human Eye to Predict Time of Death

A finite element heat transfer model of the human eye was previously constructed and applied to experimental postmortem temperature decay curves collected in eyeballs of ten human bodies. The model was applied in the early postmortem period of 0–24 h under conditions of natural convection–radiation. Based upon this previous model, response surfaces for postmortem temperature decay were constructed based upon variable ranges of the natural convective–radiation heat transfer coefficient from 7–13 W/m² K, ambient temperatures of 10–33°C, and times of 0–24 h. Mathematical equations to describe these response surfaces have been developed. This response surface method is demonstrated for use by coroners/medical personnel to estimate time of death from recorded field temperature data collected over a 30‐min period. Sensitivity of the model to small changes in the key variable of ambient temperature is explored. The response surface model is applied to two cases of previously collected experimental eyeball temperature data. This response surface model method is only valid for constant surrounding temperatures, conditions of natural convection, no radiation effects, and postmortem times of 0–24 h.     

Internal or External Production and Satisfaction with the Chosen Sourcing in Danish Municipalities: Different Theoretical Explanations

Abstract

There is a large literature on both why local governments and public organisations choose internal or external production of services and what explains the performance of internal and external production. A range of different theories have been used to answer these questions. However, these studies show mixed results. In this study we investigate four theories: transaction cost economics, neoclassical economics, the resource-based view of strategy and institutional theory. Can these theories explain whether local governments choose internal or external production and can they explain the satisfaction with the internal and external production? Do the same variables explain the choice and the satisfaction? Based on a survey of four different service areas in Danish municipalities, it is shown that different theoretical variables explain the choice and satisfaction with the sourcing mode. Internal expertise is strongly related to the choice of internal or external production, whereas most transaction cost variables are unrelated to this choice. However, other variables such as supplier expertise and technological uncertainty are related to satisfaction with service production. The results corroborate the view that different variables are needed for explaining the performance of suppliers and the choice between internal and external suppliers. Furthermore, the results suggest that the study of local governments' sourcing may benefit from integrating theories focusing on internal expertise and markets. Studies may also benefit from integrating economic theories, which assume rationality, with institutional theory emphasising more unreflective and socially determined behaviour.