Understanding ethnicity-based autonomy movements in India's northeastern region

Soon after independence, India's northeastern region was swamped in a series of conflicts starting with the Naga secessionist movement in the 1950s, followed by others in the 1960s. The conflicts intensified and engulfed the entire region in the 1970s and 1980s. However, in the 1990s, following reclamation of ethnic identities amid gnawing scarcities, the conflicts slowly turned into internal feuds. Consequently, alliance and re-alliance among the ethnic groups transpired. In the 2000s, it finally led to the balkanization of ethnicity-based autonomy movements in the region. Unfortunately, the state's ad-hoc measures failed to contain protected conflicts and, instead, compounded the situation and swelled hybrid ethnic identities.     

监狱突发事件应急管理探析

监狱突发事件应急管理的根本目的在于保障公众生命财产安全,维护罪犯的生命权和健康权,保证监狱的安全稳定,最大程度地减少突发事件及其造成的人员伤亡和危害。构建监狱突发事件应急管理体系;健全监狱突发事件应急体系的系统控制;完善监狱多种突发事件应急预案,有助于维护国家监狱安全和社会稳定,促进经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展。     

Post-decision confidence,decision time,and self-reported decision processes as postdictors of identification accuracy

Abstract

Post-decision confidence, decision time, and decision processes were evaluated concerning their usefulness for postdicting identification accuracy. One hundred and ninety-two participants witnessed a filmed theft and were tested with target-absent or target-present simultaneous lineups 1 week later. Post-decision confidence was positively associated with, and decision time negatively associated with choosers’ identification accuracy. For several measures of self-reported decision processes, the expected associations were non-significant. Using a decision rule including highly confident and fast participants led to more correct classifications than either variable alone. Significant associations between postdictors highlight the need to consider the different processes jointly as, in combination, they may be more useful in assessing identification decisions.     

Spaced cognitive interviewing: Facilitating therapeutic and forensic narration of traumatic memories

Abstract

The evolution of the cognitive interview (CI) is reviewed from the original package of memory-enhancing techniques through to the revised (or enhanced) CI, and the cognitive approach now taught to police officers in UK. Many officers are reluctant to apply CI, particularly to traumatised victims. The traumatising effects of crime are examined in terms of immediate response and the potential for an acute stress response and post-traumatic stress disorder, with subsequent re-experiencing of dissociated traumatic memories in the form of intrusive, unwanted imagery. Traumatic memories are described, particularly their accuracy, detail and persistence. The therapeutic potential of prolonged experience of distress while narrating the content of traumatic imagery is explained. An approach to maximising the disclosure of dissociated detail - spaced cognitive interviewing (SCI) - is described and case material presented illustrating its forensic and therapeutic application. The practice and practical implications of SCI are summarised.     

Gun incidents at the local level: understanding the demographic variables

To maintain public safety and improve system response, a strong need exists for understanding the demographic variables associated with gun offenders and gun cases. This paper was focused on exploring these variables by creating and analyzing a weapon-related database at a local police department. The findings, although limited due to the explorative nature of the study and the quality of case files, shed some light on the personal background variables of suspects such as age, race, residence, and prior record and the weapon offenses they were involved in. The research also reveals certain challenges in developing and analyzing a gun-case database at the local level. Future researchers need to resolve these difficulties before achieving a more accurate and systematic understanding of individuals involved in gun crimes.     

The determinants of foreign direct investment inflows in the Central and Eastern European Countries: The importance of institutions

This study investigates the determinants of FDI inflows in six Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) by incorporating the traditional factors and institutional variables over the 1996–2009 period. The study identifies whether and how these determinant factors differ across four investor countries (EU-15, the US, China, and Japan). The results verify the positive and economically significant role of GDP size, trade openness, EU membership, and institutions (measured by economic freedoms, state fragility, political rights, and civil liberties indices) on FDI inflows. The results also reveal the existence of notable differences in the determinant factors across four investor countries.     

Cross-Regional Trends in Female Terrorism

Worldwide, women have historically participated in terrorist groups but their low numbers and seemingly passive roles have undermined their credibility as terrorist actors for many observers. This analysis contends that female involvement with terrorist activity is widening ideologically, logistically, and regionally for several reasons: increasing contextual pressures (e.g., domestic/international enforcement, conflict, social dislocation) creates a mutually reinforcing process driving terrorist organizations to recruit women at the same time women's motivations to join these groups increases; contextual pressures impact societal controls over women that may facilitate, if not necessitate, more overt political participation up to, and including, political violence; and operational imperatives often make female members highly effective actors for their organizations, inducing leaders toward "actor innovation" to gain strategic advantage against their adversary.     

大型居住区突发事件预警与应急机制研究

本文首先对大型居住区内各种突发事件进行了分类,然后分别就每一类突发事件的特点及产生原因进行了归纳与分析。在此基础上,对突发事件应对的组织职责、突发事件发生时的居民心理与行为、突发事件应对的时间序列等进行了较为详尽的分析;对大型居住区突发事件预警与应急机制体系的建立与运作进行了较深入的阐述,并以图表的形式直观明确地给出了不同预警级别大型居住区突发事件的具体处理模式与流程设计。     

民警临战心理调查及心理干预对策

本项调查中参与重大突发事件处置的72名民警的心理状态，可以分为冲击阶段、安定阶段、解决阶段，具有焦虑、恐慌紧张和悲观痛苦失望的心理发展规律性。在处置重大突发事件时应对民警进行预防性心理干预、介入式心理支持和恢复性心理干预。     

建设和谐社会 必须提高政府的回应能力

提高政府的回应能力对建设社会主义和谐社会有着重要意义。目前我国的各级政府程度不同地存在着回应意识不强、回应制度不全、回应方式不新、回应渠道不畅等问题。应采取措施加强政府的回应制度建设、回应载体建设、回应渠道建设,全面提高政府的回应能力。