简易精神症状自陈量表对主观夸大精神症状的测试分析

目的 应用简易精神症状自陈量表检测法医精神鉴定中主观夸大精神症状的情况,并分析其测试结果。方法 对206名不同类型的法医精神鉴定的被鉴定人用该量表进行检测．并由两名鉴定专业人员对被鉴定人是否有主观夸大精神症状分别进行评定。结果 （1）以该量表判断主观故意或夸大精神症状的划界分（13分）对测试的被鉴定人进行检测,206例被鉴定人中有71例被判定为主观夸大精神症状（34．5％）。与专家评定的结果相比,量表评定的假阴性为19．8％,假阳性率为1．7％;总准确率为90．8％。（2）工伤和交通事故精神伤残理赔鉴定案例主观夸大精神症状的比例较高（51％）。结论 简易精神症状自陈量表是检测主观夸大精神症状的有效评定工具。     

Scale economies in local public administration

A renewed interest in decentralisation has profoundly affected local public governance around the world. Faced with an increasing number of tasks, Dutch municipalities have recently sought physical centralisation, merging into larger jurisdictions in order to target new policy areas more effectively and cost efficiently. Is such a policy of physical centralisation wise? We study economies of scale in local public administration, and find – given transfer payments from central government and current cooperation between municipalities and after controlling for geographical, demographic and socioeconomic variables – substantial unused scale economies of 17% for the average municipality. Between 2005 and 2014 the optimum size of municipalities increases from around 49,000 to 66,260 inhabitants, pointing at an increased importance of fixed costs relative to variable costs in local public administration.     

The Political Economy of Competitiveness and Continuous Adjustment in EU Meta-Governance

This article asserts that attempts to resolve the crisis through recent changes in European meta-governance are just the latest phase in a project to secure “continual adjustment” in European societies to the systemic demands of competitiveness. The structural pressures experienced at the scale of European societies are located in the process and scale of world market integration. This New Materialist scalar-relational approach sees adjustment to the systemic demands of competitiveness as likely to continue into the future and suggests that the scope for alternative more Keynesian programs of reform through EU meta-governance is highly constrained.     

气滞证自评量表第三轮专家问卷分析

目的调查专家对气滞证的诊断经验,为建立气滞证量化工具筛选条目。方法通过德尔菲法对全国各地12位专家进行第三轮问卷调查,根据每个条目的重要性评分计算均数、满分比和变异系数,再根据三者的界值筛选条目,采用Kendall W值反映专家的协调程度,采用专家权威程度系数反映专家的权威程度。结果第三轮专家咨询回收率为100%。肝维度共24个条目,主要反映病情与情志状况;胆维度共4个条目,主要反映胁肋胀痛状况;胃维度共11个条目,主要反映胃脘部的痞满、胀痛、气逆状况;肠道维度共9个条目,主要反映腹部的胀痛和大便状况;心维度共7个条目,主要反映胸部胀痛和情志状况;肺维度共2个条目,主要反映胸闷、咳嗽、气喘状况;胞宫维度共4个条目,主要反映痛经和小腹部胀痛状况。以上所有条目的均数、满分比均大于界值,变异系数均小于界值。Kendall W值为0.474(χ2值为506.21,P0.01),权威程度系数为0.84。结论 12位专家的积极程度和专业程度较高,意见可信度较高,且协调程度较高,为编制气滞证自评量表提供了参考依据。     

Race,immigration and the agrarian question: farmworkers becoming farmers in the United States*

As White farmers in the United States retire en masse, the racial and ethnic demographics of US farming are shifting to now include a significant number of Latino farm owner-operators. Yet this population of new farmers, contributing specific technical expertise and knowledge, is not represented in current discussions concerning agrarian transitions. This paper draws on interview-based research conducted in the states of California, Maryland, New York, Minnesota and Washington, with first-generation Latino immigrant farmworkers who have transitioned to farm ownership. The majority are practicing small-scale and diverse crop production, with limited synthetic inputs and mostly family labor, as this form of farming allows them to reclaim control over their own labor and livelihoods, while also earning a cash income. The farmers included in this study, and their rationale for farming despite race- and citizenship-based challenges, cannot be understood simply through a lens of class transition. This contribution provides evidence that Latino immigrants’ ascendancy to farm ownership is instead a result of their struggle to redefine their relationship to land and labor in a country where their race and citizenship status have relegated them to the working poor.     

Output,surpluses and ‘stressed commerce’: a study on farm viability and agrarian transition in West Bengal,India, in the new millennium

This paper intends to evaluate at the farm level, in the current millennium, the nature of surpluses and the emerging exchange processes in agrarian West Bengal through the lenses of socio-economic class differentiation. The paper concentrates on the structure and pattern of gross value added, farm labour and farm-disposable surplus that accrue to the peasants along with their repercussions on farm viability. Finally, it addresses the consequences of stressed commerce (carried out through price shocks) on the ratio of retention of surplus at the farm level as a larger question of farm viability, agrarian transition and conflicts. The study emphasises the region with higher capitalistic¹ development. The change in this region is found to be more significant in the context of agrarian transition. The same analysis is also followed for the more backward region, but just to put forward the distinction between the processes working in the two regions.     

巨灾风险防范的中国范式

中国近年应对包括1998年洪水,2003年SARS,2008南方低温雨雪冰冻和汶川地震等巨灾的实践申,充分发挥了国家政治制度在应对巨灾时的特殊功能,即：“举国应对巨灾”的范式。在这一范式中,各级政府的坚强指挥起到了核心作用;军队、武警及公安等组成的应急武装力量起到了关键作用;改革开放30年形成的较强国力起到了保障作用;广大群泉及各类社会力量的积极参与起到了推动作用;各类媒体的积极舆论引导起到了凝聚力量的作用。我们称这一“举国应对巨灾”范式为“巨灾风险防范的中国范式”。在这一范式中,“五个作用”的整合展示了中国综合灾害风险防范的结构与功能体系的优化,从而体现了巨灾风险防范的高效率,这一点对一些西方国家防范巨灾风险有借鉴价值。然而,在这一范式中,防范巨灾风险的效益仍需要做全面地改进。借鉴一些国家建立的巨灾风险转移的经验,发展巨灾保险与再保险业务;提高各类基础设施的设防水平和生态系统服务能力;提高全民防范巨灾风险的意识和掌握基本逃生技能;完善巨灾风险防范的预案和信息集成网络及指挥平台等,可全面提高防范巨灾风险的资源利用效益．     

政府规模视角下广东行政管理现代化进程分析

从政府规模的视角,采取定量分析和比较研究的方法对广东行政管理现代化进程加以剖析。分析数据表明:广东行政管理费与行政管理职工的绝对数量、行政管理费占GDP和财政支出的比重、行政管理职工占社会职工的比重,都没有随着经济的发展而逐步下降,这并非经济发展的内在需求,而是政府改革滞后的结果。因此,必须在广东现代化进程中进行相应的改革,不断压缩政府规模,以使行政管理现代化与经济发展形成良性互动。     

针刺肌筋膜疼痛触发点治疗神经根型颈椎病临床疗效观察

目的 评价针刺肌筋膜疼痛触发点对神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法 选取60例神经根型颈椎病患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各30例。观察组采用针刺肌筋膜疼痛触发点治疗,对照组采用传统针刺手法治疗。两组患者均每次治疗30 min,每周治疗5次,疗程为2周。分别于治疗前后观察两组患者的临床疗效,颈椎病症状量表、简易McGill疼痛问卷（short form McGill pain questionnaire,SF MPQ）、颈椎功能障碍指数（neck disability index,NDI）评分及不良反应;酶联免疫吸附法测定血清前列腺素E2（prostaglandin E2,PGE2）、白细胞介素（interleukin,IL） 1β、IL 6水平。结果 观察组疗效优于对照组（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后颈椎病症状量表评分均显著增加（P＜0.05）,SF MPQ评分、NDI评分均显著减少（P＜0.05）;两组各量表评分差值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者血清PGE2、IL 1β、IL 6水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组血清PGE2、IL 1β、IL 6水平降低程度显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组在治疗期间均未发生不良反应。结论 针刺肌筋膜触发点能明显改善患者症状,促进颈椎功能恢复,同时抑制炎症反应。