Grooming child victims into sexual abuse: a psychometric analysis of survivors’ experiences

This study sought to examine the psychometric properties of the Grooming subscale of the Computer Assisted Maltreatment Inventory (CAMI) in a sample of adult survivors of child sexual abuse. There are currently no other research measures that examine grooming events as experienced by survivors, which underscores the importance of a reliable and valid way of gathering this information. Participants (n?=?295) were adult survivors of child sexual abuse who completed this anonymous study online. The sample was collected through the use of adult survivor of child sexual abuse websites, trauma blogs, and survivor group pages on Facebook. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Cronbach’s Alpha were used to ascertain the reliability and validity of this subscale. These analyses suggest that the Grooming subscale of the CAMI is a reliable and valid measure. This measure is an important addition to the body of research instruments that measure adult survivor of child sexual abuse experiences, particularly since this is the only instrument that examines grooming from this perspective.     

猪尘肺的病理组织学研究

对甘肃省河西地区102例猪的肺和支气管淋巴结进行了病理学研究。生前虽难以确定特征症状、但宰后可见一定的大体变化。组织上首次在国内发现了无机尘肺的病理改变。其病变可分为局灶型与弥漫型两型。前者呈星散状分布,多位于细支气管和肺泡隔局部,其特征是在粉尘灶或尘细胞积聚处有明显的结缔组织增生和淋巴细胞浸润。附近的肺结构也有一些形态改变。后者病变主要表现为弥漫性支气管周炎,几乎所有的支气管树都受到侵害。管周结缔组织增生和粉尘沉着。在严重病例,结缔组织可长入肺泡隔和小叶间。弥漫性生肺是局灶性尘肺的进一步发展,主要发生于浮尘含量很高的河西走廊西端的安西县。     

The Effects of Scale Carving on Instruments Assessing Violence

Little research has examined the properties of survey instruments when the full instrument is not administered (scale carving). The purpose of the present study was to test scale carving effects on survey instruments. Participants completed carved and whole versions of two instruments measuring violent behaviors and attitudes at two sessions. Findings indicated that administering select subscales rather than the entire instrument affects psychometric properties of certain instruments. For instance, mean scores of certain instruments differed depending upon whether the instruments were administered in their entirety or in carved versions. Reliability coefficients did not differ between carved and whole versions, and correlation coefficients were moderate. Therefore, psychometric properties of carved instruments should be assessed prior to their use in research.     

关于"规模调警"问题的探讨

"规模调警"具有范围的确定性、目的的明确性、时效的特定性、数量的等级性等特点."规模调警"要切实转变观念,解决交通、通讯等装备问题;建立等级备勤体制;把宣传工作贯穿"规模调警"的始终,加强情报信息工作和预案制定工作;加强思想政治工作.     

我国对外贸易结构、特征及影响

外商在华直接投资持续增长产生的贸易转移效应,推动了中国加工贸易规模增长、依存度提高和贸易顺差不断扩大。这一对外贸易结构性特征反映了中国经济对国际市场的依赖程度不断增加,对实现国民经济持续、健康、稳定运行的影响越来越大。改善和优化对外贸易结构仍是一项急迫任务。     

浅析市场经济条件下大型活动安全保卫工作机制

当前,大型活动安全保卫工作存在工作机制不畅、投入警力过多诸多问题。故此,必须坚持“谁主办,谁负责”、“谁审批,谁负责”、“居地管理为主”、“有偿服务”四大原则,理顺内部机制,完善分级管理;开拓协管机制,积极借助外力;实施竞争机制,走市场化道路;盘活内部机制,提高安保水平。     

Family reproduction and stem-family system: From Pyrenean valleys to Norwegian farms

The article presents a comparative study of two stem-family European systems: on the one hand, the well-known central Pyrenean family as found in the Barony of Esparros, and, on the other hand, the one prevalent in highland farms of South-East Norway. In the two communities, the continuity of the “house” was maintained over generations through non-egalitarian practices of transmission to a privileged heir or heiress. Other siblings received compensations or stayed at home unmarried. Comparing long-term mechanisms of the Norwegian odal farm and of the Pyrenean house permits identification of similar strategies of co-residence and more-or-less controlled family reproduction through choice of marriage partner and regulated fertility. These mountainous rural communities developed efficient responses to preindustrial and early-industrial demographic changes, facing and absorbing demographic growth and transition. They had to open to new markets, new techniques of production and exploitation of natural environment – particularly the forest – and adapt to social and legislative change. In both agro-pastoral systems, population pressure created a large group of landless or semi-landless families-cottars, day labourers or servants-whose reproduction strategies (age at marriage and fertility rates) diverged from those of the owners of land.     

Components underlying sex offender treatment refusal: an exploratory analysis of the Treatment Refusal Scale—Sex Offender version

Abstract

Approximately half of sexual offenders in prison and community settings refuse to participate in sex offender treatment programmes; however, the reasons for this remain largely unexplored. This pilot study used the previously untested Treatment Refusal Scale—Sexual Offender Version in an English prison, with 72 adult males (63 treatment accepters and nine treatment refusers) imprisoned for sexual or sexually motivated offences. Principal factors analysis revealed three factors within the scale: “pressured to take part in programmes”; “fear of negative effects”; and “programme is not relevant to/appropriate for me”. Treatment refusers scored more highly than treatment accepters on the first and last components, while there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the two groups on the “fear of negative effects” component. Suggestions for further development of the scale are discussed, along with the practice implications of these findings.     

Why do French MPs Focus More on Constituency Work than on Parliamentary Work?

The relationship between French members of the National Assembly and citizens is paradoxical. On the one hand, the French political culture, constitution and history favour a very abstract conception of representation: MPs are supposed to act as trustees and collectively to embody the French Nation. On the other hand, they are deeply involved in their constituencies and express a great level of satisfaction being there. In order to understand how French MPs reconcile the national and local dimensions of their mandate, the data gathered through face-to-face interviews with MPs are described. Then a scale analysis is provided in order to sum up the local–national orientations of the MPs. Using this scale, it is possible to test the impact of several variables on the territorial focus of MPs: electoral incentives, political ambition, ideological factors and working conditions at the local and the national level.