Marching to the Left? Programmatic Competition and the 2017 Party Manifestos

This article analyses the content of the 2017 general election manifestos, and introduces the latest estimates from the Manifesto Project to explore recent ideological movements in the British party system. It reports the changing policy emphases in Conservative and Labour manifestos and the ideological positions of the major political parties in 2017. It finds that Theresa May's party produced its most left‐wing manifesto since 1964, and that Jeremy Corbyn's party produced its most left‐wing manifesto since 1992 and the election before the advent of New Labour. The article also finds that the ideological space between the Conservatives and Labour opened up in 2017, and that Northern Ireland's Democratic Unionists published the most right‐wing manifesto.     

巴马香猪超前免疫高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征弱毒疫苗的免疫效果评价

为了评价高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征弱毒疫苗(JXA1-R)对仔猪超前免疫的免疫效果及安全性,给3头巴马香猪超前免疫弱毒疫苗JXA1-R 1头份/头,以3头同窝仔猪为对照组,接种等量疫苗稀释液,观察疫苗免疫后的临床表现,测定疫苗免疫后的抗体动态变化及排毒情况;免疫后第35天,采用高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(JXA1)攻毒,测定攻毒后的抗体变化、排毒情况及免疫保护作用。结果表明,巴马香猪超前免疫后第14天发生抗体阳转,鼻拭子样品、肛门拭子样品和血清样品中均检测到病毒核酸,同居的阴性对照组中有1头仔猪发生抗体阳转,提示该疫苗存在排毒现象。攻毒前免疫组和对照组的抗体阳性率分别为3/3和1/3;攻毒后免疫组和对照组的免疫保护率分别为3/3和1/3,表明该疫苗具有一定的免疫保护作用,但初生巴马香猪超前免疫后表现生长缓慢,被毛粗乱,提示该疫苗对仔猪具有一定的毒力,不适合用作超前免疫。     

WAIS-RC简式与成人智残评定量表在精神伤残评定中的应用

目的 考察中国修订版韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-RC)简式与成人智残评定量表在精神伤残评定中的适用性.方法 对台州学院司法鉴定所2009年7月-2011年3月进行精神伤残鉴定的案例,用WAIS-RC简式和成人智残评定量表分别评定并与专家鉴定意见进行比较,用SPSS11.5进行统计分析.结果 WAIS-RC简式、成人智残...     

暴力危险量表中文版的信度

目的引入、修订具有评估暴力危险及危险变化的暴力危险量表(Violence Risk Scale,VRS),对修订后的暴力危险量表中文版(VRS-C)进行信度检验。方法通过标准的翻译程序形成VRS-C,3位评估者独立评估14个案例以检验评分者信度,以125例来自成都安康医院监管病区、四川华西法医学鉴定中心法医精神病学教研室及华西心理卫生中心的精神疾病患者为被试,对VRS-C的信度进行检验。结果初步修订的VRS-C具有较好的评分者信度(ICC=0.80)、同质性信度(克朗巴赫α系数=0.921)、分半信度(0.906)及题总相关性(0.246～0.849)。结论初步修订的VRS-C具有较好的信度。     

规模经营:铜仁地区现代农业新跨越的途径

发展现代农业必须结合铜仁实际,积极推行土地适度规模经营,走符合铜仁实际的农业现代化道路。     

精神病人限定刑事责任能力评定量表在精神分裂症违法者中的运用

目的探讨《精神病人限定刑事责任能力评定量表》在精神分裂症违法者犯罪案件中的运用。方法多中心收集被评定为限定刑事责任能力的精神分裂症犯罪嫌疑人,完成量表评定,同时将限定刑事责任能力进行三级划分。结果小部分组、部分组、大部分组量表评定总分的平均分依次升高且存在显著性差异,分别为21.16±4.17、25.87±5.43、29.35±4.60;量表共18个条目均与评定分显著相关,相关系数从0.154至0.590不等;因子分析得到6个因子,能解释68.485%变异。结论精神病人限定刑事责任能力评定量表内部构建合理,在精神分裂症违法者犯罪案件中,其评定总分能有效反映三级限定刑事责任能力之间差异。     

农业规模经营模式选择

实现农业规模经营是农业结构调整的一项重要内容。农业规模经营存在诸多约束条件,要选择符合本地区的农业规模经营模式。     

加快推进我国城镇化需要正确处理的几个关系

加快推进我国城镇化，要正确处理城镇化与城区扩张的关系，城镇化不是城镇区城的简单扩张；正确处理城镇规模和城镇数量的关系，主旋律应当是扩张现有城镇规模；城镇化与城镇个性的关系，要突出城镇个性、张扬个性；城镇建设中硬环境和软环境的关系，硬环境是载体，软环境是灵魂；城镇化与区城经济发展的关系,建立城镇集群与区城发展的内生性机制。     

Street-level Enforcement Style: A Multidimensional Measurement Instrument

This study investigates street-level bureaucrats’ enforcement style and its underlying dimensions by developing and validating a multidimensional measurement scale. Developing a measurement scale for enforcement style is relevant because the number of underlying dimensions is contested and studies developing measurement scales are scarce. This complicates cross-sector and cross-national comparisons. Using a survey among inspectors of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, street-level enforcement style is found to comprising three dimensions: (1) legal, (2) facilitation, and (3) accommodation. This study contributes to more validated measurement instruments by presenting a 13-item measure that can be used to study street-level bureaucrats’ enforcement style.     

Land reform by default: uncovering patterns of agricultural decollectivization in Tajikistan

Like that in other post-communist states, Tajikistan’s agricultural decollectivization was initiated through top-down measures. However, the implementation process has not been uniform across the state’s territory; in some districts collective farms were quickly and thoroughly broken up, while in others the process is just now beginning. In this paper, we investigate spatial variation in Tajikistan’s decollectivization process. Through analyses of diverse data, we reveal that low cotton yield is a necessary condition for farm individualization in districts that are distant from the capital. We interpret this result as indicating that farm managers responsible for unproductive farms often have little incentive or capacity to resist the break-up of farms. In contrast, managers of productive farms have both an incentive and the capacity to maintain collective farming. Furthermore, although human capital dimensions, including family size, off-farm income and education, affect an individual farmer’s preference for private farming, these are not necessary conditions for widespread farm individualization at the district level. In other words, we did not find evidence that farmers had the capacity to directly determine collective farm dissolution.