Quantifying and Ranking Quality for Acquired Recordings on Digital Video Recorders

As the closed-circuit television (CCTV) security industry transitioned from analog media to digital video recorders (DVRs) with digital storage, the law enforcement community struggled with the means with which to collect the recordings. New guidelines needed to be established to determine the collection method which would be efficient as well as provide the best quality evidence from live DVRs. A test design was developed to measure, quantify, and rank the quality of acquisition methods used on live systems from DVRs typically used in digital CCTV systems. The purpose was to determine guidelines for acquiring the best quality video for investigative purposes. A test pattern which provided multiple quantifiable metrics for comparison between the methods of acquisition was used. The methods of acquisition included direct data download of the proprietary file and open file format as well as recording the video playback from the DVR via the available display monitor connections including the composite video, Video Graphics Array (VGA), and high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI). While some acquisition methods may provide the best quality evidence, other methods of acquisition are not to be discounted depending on the situation and need for efficiency. As an investigator that needs to retrieve video evidence from live digital CCTV systems, the proprietary file format, overall, provides the best quality evidence. However, depending on the circumstance and as recording technology continues to evolve, options other than the proprietary file format may provide quality that is equal to or greater than the proprietary file format.     

Stakeholder involvement in collaborative regulatory processes: Using automated coding to track attendance and actions

Regulation increasingly mandates collaborative approaches to increase stakeholder input and streamline approval processes. However, understanding how to maintain stakeholder involvement over the course of a long collaborative process is vital to optimize effectiveness. This paper observes more than 700 stakeholders involved in developing and implementing a dam operating license over 16 years. We use text mining and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to observe meeting attendance and recorded actions in meeting minutes. We find that involvement decreased after the initial planning phase, but steadily increased through license development and implementation. After the regulatory mandate to consult with external stakeholders dissolved, overall attendance declined while attendance stability increased, meaning that the non‐mandatory stage involved a smaller cadre of dedicated actors. This indicates that high‐performing mandated stakeholder involvement processes rely on a constrained group of conveners to sustain interaction and have less turnover than what might be expected given existing evidence from grassroots involvement; assumptions about group dynamics based on involvement in grassroots processes may lead to improper predictions about who will participate, and how, in processes where stakeholder involvement is mandated.     

华南族群的互动与认同

华南地区少数民族族群来源复杂,结构多样.早在远古时代就有许多原始族群活跃在华南,族群之间不断互动、涵化,到清朝基本定型为三个层次.华南族群中既包括少数民族族群,也包括汉族族群.各族群的认同基本上都是从族源认同和语言认同两个方面来概定,其中,语言认同方面汉族族群的方言比少数民族族群的方言种类更多,内容更丰富.     

专科生英语词典使用策略调查研究

采用问卷调查法调查了非英语专业专科生英语词典的使用情况。调查发现,大部分学生对词典在英语学习中的作用有一定的认识,但是对词典的功能了解甚少,使用词典的技能和水平较低。建议教师培养学生使用词典的意识,教会学生正确、高效地使用词典,从而提高学生自主学习的能力。     

浅析文学作品中的语言禁忌现象

语言禁忌作为一种社会文化现象,必然在文学作品中反映出来，有着一定的规律可寻。按照其产生的不同原因和性质对文学作品中的语言禁忌现象做分类研究，有利于读者对作品的理解和把握,这一点对外国的读者来说尤其重要     

语言思想:语言学研究的一个新领域

经过语言人类学家的梳理,“语言思想”已经逐步形成了语言学研究的一个新兴领域,吸引着越来越多学者的研究兴趣:重新确定语言学的研究对象,改变几十年来主导语言学界的语言思想,重新审视一些核心观念并构筑新的理论框架。对于语言思想的研究也应脱离同质性的文化模式,并把它作为一种社会过程,挖掘在这种过程中存在于同一语言社区的不同理念及差异、在特定的社会历史条件下是如何经过相互竞争而形成或改造的原因。     

中国高等教育中"双语教学"的有效性解析

本文从中国实际出发,分析了影响教学质量的诸要素,从而对国内双语教学提出了客观中肯的评判。     

英语习语中的文化因素初探

人类语言反映着社会文化。英语习语生动的反映出人类生活的方方面面。本文对习语与各种文化因素的关系作了初步探索。     

少数民族文字比较探源

语言和文字都是文化传承和传播的载体,而文字的产生更具有划时代意义。由于文字的发明,使人们的交际范围豁然扩大,可以跨越时间、空间而传递信息,极大地促进了人类的文明,成为“野蛮时代”与“文明时代”的分水岭。在我国,除汉字外,还有多种少数民族文字,通过这些文字,保存和发展了光辉灿烂的中华文化。少数民族文字繁多,有的在历史上通行一时而成了“死文字”,如佉卢文、突厥文、回鹘文、焉耆龟兹文、于阗文、契丹文、西夏文、女真文、满文等;有的虽然延续下来,但主要保留在宗教经典中,如彝文、东     

编程语言的发展与计算机教学模式的改革

文章介绍了面向对象编程语言的发展,它的发展对语言的知识结构和教学内容改革提出了新的要求,高等院校计算机教学要加快自身发展和语言教学改革。