从苗语词语看苗族农耕文化

本文通过对苗语中丰富而细密的农耕文化词语的简要分析 ,论述苗族是我国最早从事农耕的民族之一。     

论侦查讯问人员语言自我形象的提高

讯问犯罪嫌疑人或询问证人的过程,是侦查讯问人员语言自我形象塑造的过程。侦查讯问人员语言形象、能力和语言风格,对侦查讯问或询问活动的成效具有最直接的决定作用。     

Who negotiates for a nation? Catalan mobilization and nationhood before the Spanish democratic transition, 1970–1975

Much of the literature on democratic transitions and ethnic conflict focuses on the role of elites, whether as constructive contributors to ethnic harmony and pacted transitions, or as fomenters of disharmony. What these accounts often fail to take into account is the extent to which the existence of political elites is a variable in itself, particularly when their power bases are not organizations like an army but rather nations or classes. The article develops an analysis of how competition for scarce militants and the demands of organizing them shapes the power and importance of elites. It does this through a case study of Catalonia in the years preceding the Spanish transition. During those years Catalonia, both a stateless nation and a potentially divided society, was the site of organizing from the left and right that nearly monopolized militants and channelled their activity into autonomist, inclusive forms of nationalist mobilization that stifled attempts at internal polarization while creating elites who could negotiate on Catalonia's behalf in the transition. In other words, the ability of moderate Catalan nationalists to organize before the transition explains their ability to represent Catalonia and control its fissures later, and contributes to explaining the success of Catalonia as a case of peaceful multinational coexistence.     

论不动产适用善意取得制度的理论基础

在传统民法理论中,善意取得的适用范围仅限于动产。然而,对社会生活加以考察可以发现,由于各种原因所造成的登记权利与实际权利的不一致,对不动产善意取得制度的建立提出了现实要求。不动产善意取得制度是现代民法追求交易安全和促进经济发展的必然。不动产善意取得制度的现实基础是登记制度。公示公信原则是不动产善意取得制度的理论基础。     

汉语的性别差异研究综述

语言的性别差异目前是社会语言学研究的一个重要问题,汉语性别差异的专门研究起步较晚,但最近30年有不少研究成果问世,主要围绕语言表现和言语交际的性别差异展开,具体体现在语音、词汇、会话场景和语境等诸多方面。从中显现的性别歧视和语言表达风格的差异可以合理运用西方理论框架来分析解释,即可以通过社会建构的概念,在支配和文化差异的方法间找到一个折衷。     

A critical discourse analysis of pavement advertisements of herbal medicine and spiritual healing services in Central Johannesburg

Abstract

This article discusses the language in a range of advertisements for herbal medicines and spiritual healing services, as found in fliers distributed on the pavements of the Johannesburg central business district. The socio-cognitive approach to critical discourse analysis (CDA) was employed to analyse the language used. The purpose was to identify the ways in which the producers of the advertisements, through careful choice of discourse, attempt to manipulate potential customers. It was established that the producers purported to have solutions to a broad range of problems affecting society. These included sexual, marital, business-related and social problems, for which the healers claimed to have quick and permanent solutions. Stylistic techniques include the use of juxtaposition, rhetorical questions, hyperbole, punctuation marks, indigenous languages, first-person narratives in testimonies, illustrations and the naming of herbs. The conclusion can be drawn that the advertisements demonstrate a perceived power imbalance between their producers and the target audiences. This may lead certain clients to be deceived by the herbalists and spiritual healers, sometimes with disastrous consequences. It is, however, acknowledged that not everyone in South African society believes all the claims made in these advertisements.     

我国行政征用法律制度现状及完善

行政征用是一种高现实操作频度的具体行政行为,关涉不同利益主体的平衡和社会资源的分配以及和谐稳定的发展大局。我国目前对行政征用的研究亟待深化。在立法层面上,有关行政征用的法律规范分散于各单行法律法规之中,对公共利益的界定不明确,缺乏征用的正当程序,缺乏明确公平的补偿标准,继而诱发行政征用在实践操作中出现诸多问题。本文针对目前我国行政征用实践过程中存在的问题,剖析其原因并提出相关的完善建议。     

Getting the story from child witnesses: exploring the application of a story grammar framework

Abstract

Investigative interviews with children about alleged abuse were analysed to determine the degree to which the child's responses adhered to a story grammar framework, and whether the presence of story grammar elements was associated with interviewers’ adherence to best-practice (i.e. open-ended) questioning. The sample included 51 interviews with child witnesses from across Australia. The interviews were administered by a police officer with children (37 girls and 14 boys) aged 3–16 years (M age = 103.82 months, SD = 34.21 months). The interviewers’ questions were categorised as open-ended or specific and the children's responses were classified as a story grammar element, context/background information, or ‘don't know’ responses. The majority of interviewer questions were specific in nature and the majority of children's responses were context/background details. Open-ended questions were more successful in eliciting story grammar from children. Of the story grammar elements, the interviewers’ specific questions usually targeted setting and attempt details. These findings suggest that improvement in the narrative coherence of children's reports of abusive events can potentially be achieved by increasing interviewers’ use of open-ended questions.     

民事诉讼二审发回重审制度的重新审视——兼评《民事诉讼法修正案》第40条之规定

二审发回重审制度是我国民事诉讼程序的重要组成部分。该制度在司法实践中显现出诉讼效益低、诉讼成本高、两审法院之间组织管理出现矛盾等制度瓶颈问题。新近施行的《民事诉讼法修正案》第40条对其作出了最新的修正,包括缩减适用范围、合理限定程序事由、规定使用次数等。但本次修法仍存在较大局限性,如对实体事由修正不彻底、未有效限制自由裁量权、对发回重审的裁定格式及拘束力未明确等。重新审视该制度并对之进行改良,可从明确规定法定事由、充分尊重当事人主体地位、增加救济程序以及明确发回重审裁定的格式及拘束力等方面加以探索。     

论我国集体土地征收中公共利益规定的完善

公共利益是土地征收的前提性要件,而相关立法对公共利益的规定较为原则,造成实践中征收目的被泛化.文章从集体土地征收的公共利益理论出发,针对在我国现行集体土地征收中公共利益规定本身存在的问题,从实体与程序两方面对集体土地征收中的公共利益规定予以完善.