对农民法治意识及其现状的再认识——来自江苏农村的实证研究

传统观念认为,我国农民法治意识淡薄,对法与法治不了解、不接受、不依赖、不信任、不尊崇。事实并非如此。虽然与农村法治化进程的要求仍有一定差距,特别是法律运行中存在的问题影响了农民对法与法治的信任和信心,但农民对法与法治的了解、认同、接受、依赖和尊崇程度确实有了很大提高,其守法意识、维权意识、诉讼意识也有所增强并逐渐趋于理性,农民的传统法律观念正逐步被现代法治意识所取代。我们应该以发展的眼光去看待现阶段的农民法治意识状况,对其进行客观、理性的分析与评价,采取相应的对策来促进农民法治意识的提高。     

我国实施人才强国战略相关问题探究

人才强国战略是国家三大核心发展战略之一。本文从人才强国战略的提出入手,阐述了其实施过程中所取得的成效及面临的挑战,在此基础上对如何更好地实施人才强国战略并发挥其重要作用提出了具体建议。     

Everyday Stranger Harassment and Women’s Objectification

The present research suggests that stranger harassment (i.e., experiencing unwanted sexual attention from strangers in public) is a frequent experience for young adult women, and that it has negative implications for their well-being. First, stranger harassment was positively related to self-objectification (Fredrickson & Roberts, Psychol Women Quart 21:173–206 1997). This was true for women who coped with stranger harassment using common strategies (passive, self-blame, or benign), but not for women who used an uncommon, active coping strategy (e.g., confronting the harasser). Second, stranger harassment experiences and self-objectification were positively related to women’s fear of and perceived risk of rape. Further, women who feared rape were more likely to restrict their freedom of movement. In concert, the findings suggest that stranger harassment may have both direct and indirect negative effects on women’s lives, and that it is a phenomenon worthy of future research.

Using State Child Labor Laws to Identify the Causal Effect of Youth Employment on Deviant Behavior and Academic Achievement

On the basis of prior research findings that employed youth, and especially intensively employed youth, have higher rates of delinquent behavior and lower academic achievement, scholars have called for limits on the maximum number of hours per week that teenagers are allowed to work. We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to assess the claim that employment and work hours are causally related to adolescent problem behavior. We utilize a change model with age-graded child labor laws governing the number of hours per week allowed during the school year as instrumental variables. We find that these work laws lead to additional number of hours worked by youth, which then lead to increased high school dropout but decreased delinquency. Although counterintuitive, this result is consistent with existing evidence about the effect of employment on crime for adults and the impact of dropout on youth crime.

Reframing Political Freedom In The Analytics Of Governmentality

What distinguishes studies of government (gouvernamentalité) from histories of administration, historical sociologies of state formation and sociologies of governance is their power to open space for critical thought. According to Michel Foucault, studies on government are studies of a particular stratum of knowing and acting, of the emergence of particular ‘regimes of truth’ concerning the conduct of conduct, ways of speaking truths and the costs of so doing, and of the inventing and assemblage of particular apparatuses and devices for exercising power and intervening in particular problems. The key point of this paper is that in the analytics of governmentality political freedom no longer depends on the systemic logic of the balance between government and governed, but on subjects’ obstinate and wild desire to live freely and on the ethos of those who intend to govern themselves and their like autonomously, which obstructs that logic even with extreme consequences. This capacity of resistance comes from life, from the sum of its functions that are useful in resisting death and no longer from a core of subjective rights, or from the will of individuals who oppose the state or the market.

Ambient Intelligence, Criminal Liability and Democracy

In this contribution we will explore some of the implications of the vision of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) for law and legal philosophy. AmI creates an environment that monitors and anticipates human behaviour with the aim of customised adaptation of the environment to a person’s inferred preferences. Such an environment depends on distributed human and non-human intelligence that raises a host of unsettling questions around causality, subjectivity, agency and (criminal) liability. After discussing the vision of AmI we will present relevant research in the field of philosophy of technology, inspired by the post-phenomenological position taken by Don Ihde and the constructivist realism of Bruno Latour. We will posit the need to conceptualise technological normativity in comparison with legal normativity, claiming that this is necessary to develop democratic accountability for the implications of emerging technologies like AmI. Lastly we will investigate to what extent technological devices and infrastructures can and should be used to achieve compliance with the criminal law, and we will discuss some of the implications of non-human distributed intelligence for criminal liability.

美、日区域经济政策及其启示

区域经济发展不平衡是全世界普遍存在的问题,也是各国政府宏观调控的一个重要目标。美国、日本是世界上最发达的资本主义国家,但仍然存在区域经济发展不平衡问题,为此,美国和日本政府采取了多项措施,制定区域经济政策,以缩小区域发展差距。借鉴美国、日本的成功经验,对促进我国区域经济协调发展具有重要的意义。     

重构婚姻判断标准的理论价值和实践意义

中国尚未建立科学的婚姻判断标准体系，判断婚姻的主要标准，就是单一的婚姻效力判断标准。不论是什麽形态的婚姻，都用婚姻有效无效标准判断。这种婚姻判断标准，不能满足理论与实践的需要，容易造成对不同婚姻形态的误判。因此，应当建立以婚姻的属性要件、形成要件和效力要件为评判标准的科学评判体系。     

大陆与台湾仲裁法——关于仲裁裁决执行之比较研究

随着中国大陆与台湾交流的扩大与加深，民间纠纷不可避免，仲裁日益成为重要的纠纷解决机制。本文从比较法的角度入手，就仲裁的相关法规、准予执行或不予执行的要件、管辖权、执行的进行、中止、恢复及终结、仲裁裁决的形成、仲裁裁决的执行力等方面分析了两岸仲裁法律制度的不同规定，并就其中的若干问题展开了深入探讨。     

中国环境法治的历史、现状与走向——中国环境法治30年之评析

1978年以来，中国的环境立法、环境执法、环境司法、环境守法、环境参与和环境法律监督工作取得了巨大的成就。1997年国家正式提出依法治国方略後，中国的环境保护工作正式走向法治化的轨道。目前，无论是从环节上，还是从整体的判断指标上分析，或者从实效上评估，都说明中国的环境法制架构已经基本形成。符合科学发展观和生态文明要求的环境友好型和资源节约型环境法治工作正在完善之中。完善的措施既包括立法完善工作，还包括执法、司法、守法、参与和监督环节的体制、制度和机制的创新工作。