当前教学论的焦点论题研究：与迟艳杰同志商榷

20世纪80年代以来,教学实验的广泛开展和教学实践的新进展迫切需要教学论解决一些新的问题,同时,教学论自身的发展,也面临着如何开辟新的研究领域的问题,对类似这些问题的回答,必须涉及翻译怎样看待教学论的理论基础问题。教学活动与其他社会实践活动相区别的根本特征是教学认识。马克思主义认识论在教学论领域的具体化-教学认识论-是教学论研究的理论基础。只有明确这一基础,教学论才能将教学活动与广阔的社会生活有区别的基础上有机地结合起来,才能寻求教学论发展的新领域,也才能真正指导教学实践。     

我国公证监督制度研究

公证监督制度的设置,对化解信用危机和信用风险,保障经济活动的安全有着十分重要的作用。实践中,公证作为一种法律层面的监督,其功用还未得到有效发挥。文章从经济监督法的角度对公证制度进行分析,以期为我国公证作为一种监督制度发挥功用提供有益的建议。     

社会形态：数学上的揭示、定义和规律

该文以全资源发展模型为基础,围绕经济活动的开展,演绎研究了资源与社会形态的相互关系,揭示了社会形态发展时序的规律及其本质原因。     

“海河儿女欢庆香港回归大联欢”活动回顾

1997年由天津市总工会承办的＂海河儿女欢庆香港回归大联欢＂活动,场面盛大而热烈,广大基层单位与群众积极参与,组织者作了精心策划。其成功,取决于这样三点重要因素：领导重视、组织严密和通力协作。     

诉讼活动中司法工作人员渎职犯罪案件发案特点、原因研究

诉讼活动中的司法工作人员渎职犯罪危害极大,具有刑事诉讼领域发案高、侦查和审判机关占比大、一线办案人员涉足多等特点。在实践中,滥用职权型渎职罪与玩忽职守型渎职罪的产生既有共性原因,也有与其犯罪构成相联系的特有原因。有效遏制司法工作人员渎职犯罪的发生和蔓延,必须采用规制、监督、引导和惩治等多种手段和方式,对其进行综合防治。     

An Unusual Case of Multiple‐Gunshot Suicide of an Alcohol‐Intoxicated Cancer Sufferer with Prolonged Physical Activity

Multishot firearm suicides are relatively rare and suggest the possibility of homicide. Physical activity following gunshots to the head, the neck, and the thorax does occur, and immediate incapacitation does not occur in every fatal gunshot wound that penetrates the head or perforates the heart. Cancer patients appear to be at increased suicide risk, but alcohol intoxication is less common in such cases. We present—to the best of our knowledge for the first time—a case of a 54‐year old, male, liver cancer sufferer, who under the influence of alcohol, discharged his revolver three times, suffered, among other wounds, a heart‐perforating wound, and died after c. 1.5 h, being able to talk until just before he died. Our case underlines the importance of keeping an open critical mind when dealing with multiple‐gunshot fatalities, especially when posttraumatic physical activity might be crucial in differentiating homicide from suicide.     

Candidate Selection and a Crowded Parliament: The Israeli Knesset, 1988–2006

Candidate selection reform has its consequences. This article examines Israel as a case study in order to understand the changes in parliamentary activity (legislation, parliamentary questions and motions for the agenda) that resulted from the adoption of primaries as a candidate selection reform by the Labour Party in 1992 and later by three more parties: Likud, Meretz and Tzomet. The findings show that there has been a significant increase in parliamentary activity since the 13th Knesset (the first Knesset with Members of Knesset elected through primaries). The research hypothesises that posited reasons for the difference in parliamentary activities in the Knesset terms before and after the introduction of primaries were strongly supported.     

Comparative analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyrate and gamma-hydroxyvalerate using GC/MS and HPLC

This paper describes two analytical techniques used to separate and quantify gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-hydroxyvalerate (GHV). The first technique was a N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)triflouro-acetimide-trimethylchlorosilane derivatization, followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis using an HP-5 capillary column at a rate of 1.0 mL/min with a run time of 9.25 min. This technique was found to be sensitive (LOD 1 pg on column) and gave a low average error (5%) in a beverage study. When supplemented by a surrogate spike, the method yielded 97% analyte recovery from beverages. The second technique was high-performance liquid chromatography/UV (HPLC/UV) using a C-18 column with a (20:80% v/v) methanol:dibasic phosphoric buffer (10 mM, pH 3) at a rate of 1.00 mL/min with a run time of 7.5 min. UV detection occurred at 254 nm. This method was found to be less sensitive (LOD 0.05 microg on column) for direct analysis of aqueous samples. To remove interferences seen in the beverage study, a liquid-liquid extraction before HPLC analysis was tested. However, a decreased sensitivity (LOD 100 microg on column) and irreproducible peak profiles resulted.     

国际旅游活动对近代中国的影响

19世纪中叶,大批外国人进入中国,一部分中国人也开始走出去,他们的旅游活动对近代中国社会产生了积极的影响,从而也揭开了近代中国大规模国际旅游活动的序幕。     

20世纪上半叶中国马克思主义者对自由问题的探索——从李大钊到毛泽东

历史必然性与主体能动性的相互关系是20世纪上半叶中国马克思主义者探索自由问题的核心之一。本文在回顾李大钊、陈独秀、瞿秋白、艾思奇以及毛泽东相关论述的基础上,初步总结了中国马克思主义者在解决这一问题时获得的积极理论成果,也尝试着揭示其中包含的某些重要的理论思维教训。