豚鼠过敏性休克类胰蛋白酶活力测定

目的探索过敏性休克法医学客观诊断标准。方法建立豚鼠异种血清过敏性休克模型,采用专性底物对模型鼠的血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力进行测定。结果过敏性休克豚鼠血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力均增加,且三者增加的程度是平行的。结论过敏性休克时,血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力增加可作为法医检案客观诊断标准。     

Comparison of enzyme assay and radioimmunoassay for the measurement of human acid phosphatase in cases of sexual assault

We investigated whether a radioimmunoassay for prostatic acid phosphatase might be used as a more specific test for the identification of semen in samples from cases of sexual assault than the measurement of total acid phosphatase enzyme activity. The results of the measurement of acid phosphatase by enzyme assay in semen and vaginal swab extracts were compared with the results of the radioimmunoassay. It was found that the radioimmunoassay is a sensitive and more specific method than the enzymic determination of acid phosphatase. Incidentally we have found that a low concentration of an immunological cross reacting acid phosphatase is present in semen free vaginal swab extracts.     

人体体表损伤面积及关节活动角度智能测量与辅助鉴定系统开发应用

本系统由图像采集、分析处理、档案管理、报告生成、联机帮助五个子系统组成。图像采集采用摄像录入,可以支持数码相机、扫描仪录入。面积计算采用模式识别技术标定边界“曲面坐标网格法”直接计算损伤面积。关节活动角度测量允许交点不在图像内,用终止用与起始角相减获得关节活动角度,对四肢及脊柱活动均能较准确测量。     

Shedder status—An analysis over time and assessment of various contributing factors

The shedder status of a person is an important consideration when evaluating probabilities of DNA transfer during activity-level assessments. As an extension of our previously published study, the shedder statuses of 38 individuals were reassessed 1 year later. The study found that shedder status may change over time for some individuals and was associated with one's gender, number of items touched, and mobile phone usage. In 29% of touch events, no DNA allele was detected and in 99% of touch events, the amount of DNA deposited was <2 ng. The study also found that in 0.6% of touch events, the participant could be excluded as a contributor of the observed DNA profile, with another person being included. Additionally, our investigations suggest that the current three-category system for shedder status classification may require further refinement to better represent the individuals' shedder status in a population.     

Nocturnal Oviposition Behavior of Forensically Important Diptera in Central England

Timing of oviposition on a corpse is a key factor in entomologically based minimum postmortem interval (mPMI) calculations. However, there is considerable variation in nocturnal oviposition behavior of blow flies reported in the research literature. This study investigated nocturnal oviposition in central England for the first time, over 25 trials from 2011 to 2013. Liver-baited traps were placed in an urban location during control (diurnal), and nocturnal periods and environmental conditions were recorded during each 5-h trial. No nocturnal activity or oviposition was observed during the course of the study indicating that nocturnal oviposition is highly unlikely in central England.     

Middle Eastern terrorism in Europe: Trends and prospects

Abstract

Europe has been the preferred operational area for Middle Eastern terrorist groups—some 418 attacks from 1980–1989. Unlike European Marxist revolutionary or separatist terrorist groups, the Middle Eastern groups present Europe with a regional security problem. The most dangerous element in this Middle Eastern terrorist threat is the state‐sponsored activities of Iran, Libya, Syria, and Iraq. These countries provided the fuel for a decade of Middle Eastern terrorist bloodshed in Europe. Given the problems of solving the various political conflicts and feuds in the Middle East and the continuing attractiveness of Europe as a substitute battlefield for Middle Eastern terrorist elements, the threat of Middle Eastern terrorist activity in Europe should continue into the 1990s.     

试论人民警察职业道德建设中的道德两难问题

人民警察职业道德中的道德两难问题,主要有执法制度化与人性化的抉择、警察公权力与私权利的抉择、警察法定职责与社会角色泛化的抉择。究其原因,主要在于外部社会环境的复杂性、内部组织管理的缺陷及个体执法素质因素三个方面。解决道德两难问题,必须以法律为底线,具体对策包括推动法律与道德相协调、加强宣传舆论改善执法环境、加强警察执法权益的制度保障、加强警用装备设施建设、减少非警务活动、深化执法规范化建设六个方面。     

Online child exploitation: Challenges and future research directions

Given the relatively new phenomenon of online child exploitation – an important area of criminological and policy concern – it is difficult to obtain long term trend data on reported convictions. Existing legislative and prosecution-based approaches, while important, are unlikely to be adequate. This analysis of the legislative and prosecution-based responses in five Commonwealth countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and United Kingdom), highlights the need for clear national and international definitions as the lack of consistency in the international legislative environment creates opportunities for sexual exploitation of children. To provide a multi-faceted and non-prosecutorial approach to address online child exploitation including the commercial exploitation of children, this paper identifies five potential research questions.     

昆明“3·01”事件后城市反恐的着力点

昆明"3·01"事件有恐怖犯罪实施、国际恐怖势力、恐怖活动的组织活动等三个环节,这三个环节是恐怖势力在城市进行恐怖活动的三层"附着力"。北京"10·28"、昆明"3·01"和乌鲁木齐"4·30"恐怖事件后中国面临的恐怖威胁进入一个新阶段,城市恐怖威胁越来越突出,恐怖袭击在内地城市可能呈现泛化现象,城市反恐成为国家安全的重要议题。城市反恐斗争的着力点就是打击恐怖势力在城市的"附着力"。     

长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长cDNA的克隆与原核表达及其表达产物的酶活性分析

通过对长角血蜱饥饿雌性成蜱cDNA表达文库中筛选到的未知基因进行5′RACE扩增,得到了长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长cDNA序列。利用生物信息学方法对该基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列进行了分析,同时构建了系统发育树。采用PCR方法扩增目的基因完整的开放阅读框,将其克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,构建重组质粒,转入BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG进行诱导表达,分别用SDS-PAGE和Wes-tern-blot分析目的蛋白的表达情况和反应原性,同时进行体外酶活性分析。结果表明,成功获得了长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长序列,体外高效诱导表达了约67.0 ku的重组蛋白。Western-blot表明该蛋白具有很强的反应原性,且在pH5.0时,该酶水解对硝基苯磷酸二钠的能力最强。