解决两性问题的途径--"对话"通达两性和谐

霸权的文化传统和刻板的角色规范,在贬抑女人的同时,也使男人面临强大的社会压力。为改变不合理的价值规范和社会偏见,男女两性都做出了卓越的努力,向传统的价值社会发起了强有力的抗争,但事实一再地说明,任何一方的力量都无法建构一个符合两性愿望的社会构架。马丁.布伯的对话哲学,相信“凡真实的人生都是相遇的”,认为男女两性若要实现相互的和谐,最佳途径是选择对话,通过对话实现两者本位属性的回归。两性问题应由两性共同解决,对话是唯一的解决途径。     

寻求“自我”生成的历史基点——20世纪末女性历史写作的形态学分析

20世纪末女性写作以鲜明的个体话语方式通过与历史对话,探求女性“自我”生成的基点,揭穿隐蔽在现实背后的历史诡计。女性历史写作的多形态存在,显示了女性写作者与历史对话的信心。     

Managing public affairs through storytelling

Storytelling has recently been discovered as an important tool for gaining the support of those external constituencies the organisation critically depends upon. This paper explores the narrative approach to public affairs by reporting an in‐depth case study of the storytelling practices of representatives of the global foods industry and environmental activist groups during the recent introduction of genetically modified food crops. The analysis reveals that these parties use competing versions of what are essentially the same narratives to gain the support of regulators and the public at large in the various market and non‐market arenas in which these groups compete. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.     

Environmental disobedience and the dialogic dimensions of dissent

In this paper, the potential for applying deliberative disobedience as a legitimation framework for environmental disobedience is unpacked. At present, disobedience on behalf of non-humans is not justified within the liberal theory of disobedience put forward by Rawls. Instead of framing harms to environment as indirect harms to humans, Smith’s framework of deliberative disobedience may be invoked on the premises that disobedients publicize not fundamental rights violations, but systematically distorted communication in the process that enacted the environmental policy or decision. To this end, the paper engages in a critical discussion about the dangers of legitimating environmental disobedience through deliberative disobedience. Indeed, its justification hinges on possessing deliberative or “dialogic” credentials as an alternative mode of address to distorted official channels. But its consequence, that of characterizing environmental disobedience as dialogic, means embracing the increasingly violent, clandestine and coercive acts as dialogue. I argue, this from deliberative premises with precarious implications for the legitimacy and uptake of environmental disobedients.     

National ownership and donor involvement: an aid paradox illustrated by the case of Rwanda

A paradox in current international development cooperation is comprised by the simultaneous insistence on national ownership and far-reaching donor involvement through policy dialogue. In order to better understand this combination of a strong ownership ideal and extensive donor presence, this article explores how national and external actors portray the process of formulating and revising development policies and programmes in an aid recipient country. The study is based on original empirical material from national as well as external actors involved in the aid relation in Rwanda which, despite heavy aid dependence, is known to have achieved relative policy independence. Analysed in relation to three strands of critical thought in previous research, findings show that, in Rwanda, the very top political leadership is actively involved in initiating and formulating policies; that there are instances of negotiation as well as strong disagreements between national and external actors; and that, rather than donors seeking to retain control, Rwanda is depicted as setting its own agenda and effectively managing its donors. The paradox of an ownership ideal combined with donor involvement is thus met by an apparent tendency among national as well as external actors to emphasise national ownership while toning down donor influence.     

‘On the outskirts of the Empire’: Joseph Brodsky and Lithuania

This article explores the role of Lithuania in Joseph Brodsky’s life and works before and after his exile from Russia in 1972. As a former Soviet republic, Lithuania represented an intermediary space for Brodsky both culturally and geographically, contributing to his realization that it was a ‘rehearsal’ for his actual emigration. However, Brodsky’s notion of Lithuania changes when, after 1972, instead of representing a simulacrum of the ‘abroad,’ the poet sees Lithuania as a ‘home’ from afar. Emigration, in Brodsky’s case, thus became a realization of the myth of exile implicit in his earlier texts about Lithuania.     

Stakeholder involvement in collaborative regulatory processes: Using automated coding to track attendance and actions

Regulation increasingly mandates collaborative approaches to increase stakeholder input and streamline approval processes. However, understanding how to maintain stakeholder involvement over the course of a long collaborative process is vital to optimize effectiveness. This paper observes more than 700 stakeholders involved in developing and implementing a dam operating license over 16 years. We use text mining and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to observe meeting attendance and recorded actions in meeting minutes. We find that involvement decreased after the initial planning phase, but steadily increased through license development and implementation. After the regulatory mandate to consult with external stakeholders dissolved, overall attendance declined while attendance stability increased, meaning that the non‐mandatory stage involved a smaller cadre of dedicated actors. This indicates that high‐performing mandated stakeholder involvement processes rely on a constrained group of conveners to sustain interaction and have less turnover than what might be expected given existing evidence from grassroots involvement; assumptions about group dynamics based on involvement in grassroots processes may lead to improper predictions about who will participate, and how, in processes where stakeholder involvement is mandated.     

论公司社会责任:内涵、外延和实现机制

公司社会责任指的是公司在实现公司利益最大化的首要价值目标之外应考虑其利益相关者的利益,并承担促进社会的可持续发展的责任。公司社会责任是公司在能够实现其价值持续增长和企业持续存在的前提下承担的利益相关者责任和社会可持续发展责任。公司社会责任包括三个层面,即守法层面上的社会责任、道德义务层面上的社会责任和道德理想层面上的社会责任。公司社会责任可以通过完善立法和道德规则法律化、制定自治规则和认证标准,以及借助政策、舆论和非政府组织运动的引导与监督等路径实现。     

群体性事件中的对话研究

在目前利益多元、矛盾激烈、诉求途径有限的情况下,在矛盾双方或多方之间展开对话是寻求根本解决群体性事件办法的必经之路。而对话的本质是沟通、协商和理解。展开对话就是给予双方沟通的渠道,通过协商达到最小损害的结果。对话以合法、诚实、互信、守信为原则,以理性、合法、不超越底线为条件。不同的事件需要不同的对话主体,不同的对话主体会产生不同的对话效果。在群体性事件处置中,对话具有多种功能和类型,应当根据实际情况,巧妙地运用对话,以实现妥善处置群体性事件的效果。     

司法审查的第三条道路——弱司法审查的兴起、发展及其中国意义

如何处理议会与法院关系，进而很好地保护人权，对世界各国来说都是一个重要且棘手的问题。长期以来人们只能在威斯敏斯特的议会至上和美国式司法审查模式之间做出非此即彼的选择。然而，1980年代之后，一种允许法院通过司法审查积极保护人权，但同时又尊重民主所要求的人民自我统治的新的司法审查模式，即弱司法审查模式正在兴起。梳理此一模式的制度发展脉络和相关学术争论，客观评价此种司法审查模式对“议会／法院”关系的处理以及人权的保护所可能带来的影响，并在此基础之上反思此种模式对于中国可能的意义，毫无疑问，是十分重要的。