THE INFLUENCE OF E‐GOVERNMENT ON ADMINISTRATIVE DISCRETION: THE CASE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN EGYPT

One important but often understudied area of research in public administration is the effect of e‐government on administrative discretion. This article examines e‐government factors that influence administrative discretion through a survey of local governments. The focus of this study is on Egyptian local governments, which are using e‐government to modernise public service delivery. Through a survey of administrative officials in these governments, this study found evidence that e‐government factors of collaboration and organisational change influenced administrative discretion. Other common factors noted in the literature such as size of the local government and demand by citizens for e‐government did not register an effect on administrative discretion. The results of this study imply that local governments should do more to enhance e‐government to reduce administrative discretion, especially in the area of increasing collaboration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

应用型本科院校新生心理健康状况的调查与分析——以黑龙江工程学院2010级新生为例

通过采用大学生人格健康问卷(UPI)对黑龙江工程学院2010级2475名入学新生进行心理测试,从入学新生总体和男女生个体两个维度进行分析.结果表明:黑龙江工程学院入学新生的心理健康状况与国内其他类型大学UPI筛查率差异不大,但也有15.2%的学生可能存在一定心理问题或障碍.数据结果显示:被试男女生心理健康水平具有显著差...     

How important are interview methods and questionnaire designs in research on self-reported juvenile delinquency? An experimental comparison of Internet vs paper-and-pencil questionnaires and different definitions of the reference period

There has been relatively little change over recent decades in the methods used in research on self-reported delinquency. Face-to-face interviews and self-administered interviews in the classroom are still the predominant alternatives envisaged. New methods have been brought into the picture by recent computer technology, the Internet, and an increasing availability of computer equipment and Internet access in schools. In the autumn of 2004, a controlled experiment was conducted with 1,203 students in Lausanne (Switzerland), where “paper-and-pencil” questionnaires were compared with computer-assisted interviews through the Internet. The experiment included a test of two different definitions of the (same) reference period. After the introductory question (“Did you ever...”), students were asked how many times they had done it (or experienced it), if ever, “over the last 12 months” or “since the October 2003 vacation”. Few significant differences were found between the results obtained by the two methods and for the two definitions of the reference period, in the answers concerning victimisation, self-reported delinquency, drug use, failure to respond (missing data). Students were found to be more motivated to respond through the Internet, take less time for filling out the questionnaire, and were apparently more confident of privacy, while the school principals were less reluctant to allow classes to be interviewed through the Internet. The Internet method also involves considerable cost reductions, which is a critical advantage if self-reported delinquency surveys are to become a routinely applied method of evaluation, particularly so in countries with limited resources. On balance, the Internet may be instrumental in making research on self-reported delinquency far more feasible in situations where limited resources so far have prevented its implementation.

关于警察职业倦怠现状的调查

从湖南各地市随机抽取681名警察进行问卷调查,目的在于了解警察的职业倦怠状况,以期为预防和干预警察职业倦怠提供现实依据。结果发现：从整体看,湖南省警察情感耗竭达中等程度,人格解体程度较高,成就感低落也较高。在人口统计学变量上,不同文化程度和不同婚姻状况在职业倦怠三个维度上无显著性差异;男女警察在情感耗竭和人格解体上达到极其显著性差异;不同来源的警察在人格解体维度上达到显著差异;不同警种的警察在情感耗竭上达到显著差异;不同年龄的警察在人格解体上达到了非常显著的差异;不同职务的警察在情感耗竭和成就感低落上达到非常显著的差异。     

侵犯知识产权犯罪案件情况与法律适用问题调查

侵犯知识产权犯罪案件在实体法适用层面存在共犯认定规则不统一,单位犯罪司法认定存在偏差,知识产权犯罪交叉竞合定性差异较大,数额认定争议较大等问题。在程序法适用层面存在管辖设置不尽合理,调查取证困难,涉外程序规则缺失,被害人（单位）提供假冒产品鉴定证明的法律效力存在瑕疵等问题。有必要通过知识产权犯罪刑法解释的优化以及程序操作规范的完善,以应对知识产权犯罪法律适用过程中出现的疑难问题。     

人民警察核心价值观问卷调查与分析

2009年11月＂人民警察核心价值观研究＂课题组先后对我省十几个市、县公安局200名民警进行了问卷调查,基于调查所示,我们认为：人民警察核心价值观是引领公安队伍建设的一面旗帜,是规范民警执法行为的一杆标尺,是减少警察职务犯罪的一把利器,其对于凝练新时期的公安精神、形成警察队伍的主流意识与道德导向具有重大的现实意义;鉴于警察组织的政治性、法律性、社会性和人民性等特点,人民警察核心价值观的基本内涵是忠诚、责任、公正、为民;人民警察核心价值观的养成需要教育引导、个体修习和实践培育等途径的多管齐下,以收到良好的合力效应。     

北京市交通民警工作满意度相关分析

对北京交警进行常态下工作满意度的测试,主要测试数据研究表明:北京交通民警日常工作状态时工作满意度居中,工资待遇、工作条件对民警工作满意度有较大影响,价值观要素对保持民警工作满意度有较大作用,传统文化价值观念对民警认知倾向有较大影响。     

Politics or prejudice? Explaining individual-level hostilities in India’s Hindu–Muslim conflict

ABSTRACT

Multiple explanations have been proposed for what drives India’s Hindu–Muslim conflict. Harnessing novel approaches to data acquisition and analysis, this paper uses insights from an electronic survey with 1,414 respondents to test three prominent theories of why individuals promote conflict with out-groups. The results show that security concerns for the future are strong predictors for a hostile stance and approval of violence. Experiences of violence in the past do not seem to systematically perpetuate hostility. Personal experiences with out-groups strongly correlate with hostile sentiments. These results hold across model specifications, post-stratified estimation based on census data, and a benchmark relying on Finite Mixture Models.     

Violence against women as conveyed by surveys – the Finnish case

The methodological choices made in a survey may partly shape the picture a survey conveys of partnership violence. This article considers some of the choices made in the Finnish survey on violence against women, such as the way the violence was defined and how the definition tried to take into account the special characteristics of this kind of violence, in order to help the respondents to identify and recall different events of it. The empirical analyses showed that the used definition of violence had not reached all the respondents representing different population groups. The experiences of partner violence among older, less educated women, and the experiences of those who felt embarrassed or ashamed to speak about issues concerning their partner or partnership, were more probably under-represented in the survey.     

Poly-Victimization as a Life Condition: Correlates of Poly-Victimization among Finnish Children

According to criminological literature, victimization tends to cluster among the same adolescents. Recent American studies have shown that the poly-victimized youth are different in terms of their whole victimization profile than those children with fewer or no victimization experiences. In this article poly-victimization is studied among Finnish sixth and ninth graders (n = 13,459) based on the Finnish Child Victim Survey 2008. The article will answer questions with regard to accumulation of victimization and its associations with children's psycho-social well-being. The study examines the individual and family level background characteristics which are related to poly-victimization. The accumulations of these risk factors are analysed with poly-victimized children compared with less or non-victimized children. According to the analysis, poly-victimization exists among Finnish children and adolescents. In addition, the characteristics indicated as risk factors of victimization seem to accumulate among poly-victims. With cross-sectional data, no causal conclusions can be made, but poly-victimization is related to higher levels of psycho-social problems. The results confirm earlier findings of poly-victimization as a life condition.