法律行为的法技术意义

法律行为是大陆法系民法中的一个重要概念,作为法技术的拟制物,它在法技术上具有特别的意义。它是法律概念体系的一环,它是法律价值的载体,它还是法律规范的中介。此外,它通过意思表示为确定私法自治的行为提供了分析工具。     

刑事调解制度在我国构建的文化与理论基础——从构建和谐社会的视角

任何一种法律制度的存在都根植于一定的文化与理论基础之上,刑事调解制度也不例外。研究刑事调解制度构建的文化与理论基础,可以为刑事调解制度的构建提供理论上的支持与制度设计上的参考;而刑事调解制度的成功构建,能够有效地促进我国刑事司法的人性化,更好地推动我国和谐社会的建设与发展。     

民警在治安调解中的效力分析

治安调解作为警察行政管理中的一项重要职能,对维护社会治安、稳定公众情绪起到至关重要的作用。在市场经济体制下,我国基层公安民警愈来愈多地面临着在处理治安违法的同时需要附带解决由此产生的经济纠纷,具有化解群众矛盾、厘清经济纠纷作用的治安调解被广泛运用于治安执法过程中。然而,在立法和司法实践中,治安调解与人民调解、诉讼调解的效力并未实现有机衔接,有必要厘清应对之策。     

The European Union in Sudan: A Missed Opportunity?

Abstract

International organisations active in Africa are often criticised for their ineffectiveness. So too is the European Union (EU), which is also accused of failing to assume a more prominent conflict management role in war-torn countries. This article examines the EU’s capacity and readiness to take on such a role in one such country, the former Republic of Sudan, home to Africa’s longest-running civil wars and the first ‘genocide’ of the 21st century. It begins by outlining the EU’s record in Darfur and the North–South Peace Process. Drawing upon 25 interviews and Hill’s ‘capabilities–expectations model’, it then questions whether the EU’s ‘capabilities’ (resources, instruments, unity) were ‘fit for purpose’ in Sudan’s hostile target setting. It concludes by identifying settings that have been more propitious for a conflict-related management function and by suggesting that the EU should better manage expectations about future security roles.     

Beyond the Thomas–Kilmann Model: Into Extreme Conflict

This article discusses an extension to the Thomas–Kilmann conflict mode instrument (Thomas and Kilmann 1977) designed specifically for conflict situations in which strong negative emotional relationships are at play. The Thomas–Kilmann (TK) model is widely used to help participants (disputants and mediators) identify how two basic conflict characteristics interact to influence how stakeholders shape their actions with regard to their interests. Essentially the TK Model is built on the premise that the two salient conflict variables are the relative importance of the relationships at hand and the substantive issues being discussed. These variables are illustrated with a simple matrix that shows how each party will interact with the other based on the relative importance it places on these variables. Graphically illustrating where the behaviors fall on the matrix can explicate parties' behaviors to add a new perspective that may change the dynamic of the conflict. But the TK Model does not address scenarios in which individuals have very negative or destructive relationships, and sabotage, blocking, and exclusion are behavioral norms. Hence, we developed the Baumoel–Trippe (BT) Extension to the TK Model to address the highly negative and often identity‐based conflicts that are often found in the world of family business. Accordingly, the BT Extension to the TK Model explores conflicts in which the relationships are not merely unimportant or uncooperative, but where they become negative to downright vengeful. There is so much at stake for family business stakeholders that the family relationships may become so adversarial that the very business and family harmony all parties value are at risk. With our extension of the TK Model, we seek to provide insight into how decisions might be made when stakeholders are in highly negative, conflictual relationships.     

行政诉讼司法建议制度的功能衍化

行政诉讼司法建议原本是一项裁判执行措施,但随着最高人民法院司法政策的变化,其发挥的事实功能被大大扩展。实践中,行政诉讼司法建议在规范性文件修改中发挥着功能性审查的作用。从社会变迁的视角观察不难发现,维稳压力、协调和解政策与地方发展型政府的模式变迁,诱发了对于行政诉讼司法建议的制度性需求,从而迫使司法建议成为行政诉讼工具箱中的重要工具。行政诉讼司法建议制度的功能衍化,为法社会学研究提供了一个极具价值的制度样本,亦为行政诉讼法的未来发展提供了背景材料。     

技术转让中信息披露存在的问题及其应对

我国技术转让过程中存在着信息占有方未进行信息披露、披露不充分以及虚假披露等主要问题,严重影响到我国技术市场的健康发展。为此,我国应以完善信息披露制度立法为主要路径,强制信息占有方披露重要信息并规范其披露行为,建立和完善相应的市场配套机制,这样方能减少信息披露引发的技术交易纠纷。     

基于上转换发光技术的尿液中吗啡及甲基苯丙胺快速定量检测方法研究

目的利用上转换发光免疫层析技术(UPT-LF)建立一种尿液中吗啡(MOP)及甲基苯丙胺(MET)快速定量检测方法并对其进行系统评价。方法以上转换发光纳米颗粒(UCP-NPs)作为生物示踪物,竞争模式免疫层析作为检测平台,建立可对尿液中MOP及MET进行定量检测的UPT-LF,即MOP-UPT-LF、MET-UPT-LF。以MOP-UPT-LF为代表,评价UPT-LF对痕量毒品检测极限,通过系列浓度标准品测定,评价定量检测能力。根据常规检测阈值,调整MOP-UPT-LF及MET-UPT-LF检测敏感性及线性范围,并评价其定量检测能力。以LC-MS、GC-MS分别作为MOP、MET检测的金标准,以胶体金免疫层析作为对照,对执法现场收集尿样进行检测,确定UPT-LF定性检测性能。对系列浓度MOP模拟阳性样本同时进行LC-MS及MOP-UPT-LF定量检测,对系列浓度MET模拟阳性样本同时进行GC-MS及MET-UPT-LF定量检测,评价UPT-LF定量检测性能。结果在痕量检测条件下,MOP-UPT-LF敏感性可达1ng/m L,线性范围为1~5000ng/m L(r=-0.98172,P<0.0005)。在常规检测条件下,MOP-UPT-LF敏感性为50ng/m L,线性范围调整为50~3000ng/m L(r=-0.98464,P<0.0005);MET-UPT-LF敏感性为100ng/m L,线性范围为100~5000ng/m L(r=-0.99964,P<0.0005)。就定性检测而言,MOP-UPT-LF及MET-UPT-LF均较优,灵敏度及特异度均为100%,与胶体金结果一致。就定量检测而言MOP-UPT-LF及MET-UPT-LF与定量确证方法LC-MS及GC-MS无显著差异。结论本研究建立MOP-UPT-LF、MET-UPT-LF方法,在满足快筛试剂快速简便的基础上,进一步实现了现场快速定量检测,为尿液中毒品的现场快速定量检测提供了技术保障。     

“万能制造机”背后的冷思考--3D打印技术安全风险及法律规制研究

3D打印作为一种快速成型技术,近年来发展迅速,有着良好的发展前景与应用空间。然而技术革新的背后潜在隐藏着知识产权、刑事犯罪以及人类伦理等多方面的安全风险,利用法律、政策规制3D打印技术迅猛发展可能带来的安全风险,既是保障社会治安管理秩序的关键,更是3D打印技术进一步发展与革新的前提与基础。     

理性分析与法律规制：“测谎仪”在刑事司法活动中运用

“测谎仪”以特殊作用机理在刑事司法活动中发挥着重要的作用。通过对世界各国对“测谎仪”及测谎技术的考量，不难发现各国对“测谎仪”的使用存在不同的看法．这也加剧对“测谎仪”适用的争议。针对司法实践中对“测谎仪”的诘问，客观、理性的做法是：加强对“测谎仪”使用的法律规制．使其运用规范化、科学化、法律化。