将妇女/性别研究纳入中国社会科学研究的主流

本文基于在中共中央党校、中国社会科学院及全国8个省、区、市举办的11次调研座谈会和2004年12月中国妇女研究会和全国妇联联合主办的“推动妇女研究进入社科研究和学科建设主流的高层论坛”的研讨,阐述推动妇女/性别研究进入中国社会科学研究主流的重要性和必要性,在此基础上,提出具有可操作性的对策建议。     

治安学基本理论研究

治安学是研究治安理论、技术及发展规律的学科,是治安管理工作实践经验的总结和概括.治安基本理论是治安学研究的主要内容,它包括治安的性质、职能、任务、方针、原则.应该加强治安学基本理论的研究,以便更好地指导治安工作实践.     

自杀性恐怖袭击的防范与治理研究

自“9·11”事件后,自杀性恐怖袭击已成为恐怖活动的主要方式。深层次的情报搜集,理论上的揭露与批判,加强金融监管和理性的媒体战略是杜绝自杀性恐怖袭击的四大“利器”,而构建合理的国际政治经济新秩序,朝向公平与正义则是铲除恐怖主义滋生土壤的根本。     

闭路电视监控器与大型公共交通系统反恐问题研究

伦敦地铁爆炸事件、西班牙马德里火车站爆炸事件等一系列袭击公共交通系统的恐怖事件,使人们越来越关注大型公共交通系统的安全和防范问题。大型公共交通系统由于流量大,无法运用航空系统的安全检查模式。在大型公共交通系统安装闭路监控器,恰恰可以在不影响这些大流量公共交通工具运行速度和效率的情况下,有效地起到安全防范的作用。英国和美国在大型公共交通系统安装闭路电视监控器的经验和模式,可以为我国大型公共交通系统的安全防范提供借鉴和参考。     

Radicalism of the Hopeless: Refugee Flows and Transnational Terrorism

We examine whether refugee flows increase transnational terrorism in states to which refugees flee. Recent studies find that refugee flows contribute to the spread of interstate and civil war, but to a far lesser extent have studies examined how refugee flows could lead to other forms of political violence. We discuss two ways in which refugee flows can lead to transnational terrorism: how conditions in camps contribute to the radicalization of refugees; and how poorly host states treat refugees. We then conduct empirical tests using data on worldwide international refugee flows and transnational terrorism. Specifically, we model the effect of refugee flows on transnational terror attacks within a directed dyad framework to account for characteristics of origin and host states. Using a rare-events logit model, along with count models to check robustness, we find that refugee flows significantly increase the likelihood and counts of transnational terrorist attacks that occur in the host country, even when controlling for other variables. Given the prominence of refugee flows and populations worldwide, the results suggest that states with significant refugee populations and the international community at large should take measures to address the conditions in refugee camps, as well as the treatment of refugees by host states in order to prevent transnational terrorism.     

从西方语言研究与汉语研究的相互影响看语言共性

自 2 0世纪中期以来 ,语言共性论业已深入人心。但不论在国际上还是在国内 ,语言研究者大多是从语言类型比较或是从对人类语言器官的初始状态的生成解释这样的角度来研究语言共性的。本文试图从语言理论的相互影响这一角度 ,以历史的眼光看待语言共性论 ,从而证明 :尽管不同语言在表层结构上千差万别 ,但就其深层结构而言 ,具有不可忽视的一致性     

Bayesian analysis and the accumulation of evidence in crime and justice intervention studies

In recent years a great deal of attention has turned to the need for policy-relevant research in criminology. Methodologically, attention has been trained on the use of randomized experimental designs and cumulative systematic reviews of evidence to accomplish this goal. Our work here reviews and demonstrates the utility of the Bayesian analytic framework, in the context of crime prevention and justice treatment studies, as a means of furthering the goals of research synthesis and creation of policy-relevant scientific statements. Evidence from various fields is used as a foundation for the discussion, and an empirical example illustrates how this approach might be useful in practical criminological research. It is concluded that Bayesian analysis offers a useful complement to existing approaches and warrants further inclusion in the ongoing discussion about how best to assess program effectiveness, synthesize evidence, and report findings from crime and justice evaluations in a way that is relevant to policy makers and practitioners.

The Impact of Freezing on Bone Mineral Density: Implications for Forensic Research

It is common for researchers using animal or human remains for scientific study to freeze samples prior to use. However, effects of freezing on bone macro‐ or microstructure are relatively unknown. The research objective of this study was to determine whether freezing could potentially bias experimental results by analyzing changes in bone mineral density (BMD) with the freezing of remains over time. Eight fetal pigs were scanned to determine their initial BMD before freezing. Three piglets underwent a freeze‐thaw cycle to assess the effects of the freezing process. Four piglets were frozen and scanned weekly for 20 weeks to assess freezing over time. The overall average between the fresh initial scan and final frozen scan was significantly different (p < 0.001). Per contra, the final thawed BMD scans did not differ from the initial fresh scan (p = 0.418). Thus, completely thawed remains are recommended for experimental studies.     

The Impact of the Boston Marathon Bombings on Public Willingness to Cooperate with Police

While a key to law enforcement success is the willingness of the public to cooperate with police, we have limited understanding of how terrorist attacks affect this public readiness. Prior research suggests that terrorist attacks might increase citizen cooperation with police through both prevention efforts and rally effects. We test these assertions with three nationally representative surveys on respondents’ willingness to help police combat terrorism: one before the Boston Marathon bombings and two after. As predicted, public willingness to report suspicious behavior to police increases significantly following the bombings and there is evidence that these increases generalize to ordinary crime. We also find that knowledge of key counter terrorism programs increases after the bombings, effects are somewhat stronger for the New England area than other regions, and the strength of the results are greatly diminished 16 months after the attacks. Conclusions are similar for both panel and cross-sectional analyses.