仙灵骨葆配合推拿手法治疗神经根型颈椎病38例

目的:观察仙灵骨葆配合推拿手法对神经根型颈椎病的治疗效果.方法:随机将108例神经根型颈椎病患者分为3组.仙灵骨葆 手法组38例用仙灵骨葆加手法治疗,并与单纯仙灵骨葆治疗36例、单纯手法治疗34例作对照观察,治疗30 d后根据症状、体征进行疗效评定.结果:仙灵骨葆 手法组与仙灵骨葆组、手法组治疗后临床症状、体征积分比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05),治疗前后积分差值也有明显改善(P＜0.01);仙灵骨葆 手法组与手法组、仙灵骨葆组疗效比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05),仙灵骨葆 手法组的疗效优于对照组.结论:仙灵骨葆配合推拿手法治疗神经根型颈椎病具有较好的治疗作用.     

对中国渐进式改革的思考

实行渐进式改革,是中国改革方式区别于原苏联、东欧改革的重要特征之一。中国的渐进式改革采取了非均衡的战略,将体制内改革和体制外改革、政治改革和经济改革以及强制性和诱致性改革结合起来,先试验后推广,不断试错,体现了鲜明的中国特色。这种改革方式是中国特殊的国情和历史文化传统以及民族心理的体现,有其产生的历史必然性。中国的渐进式改革在取得重大成功的同时还存在着一些问题,需要我们在今后的改革中不断去解决。     

中西医结合治疗重型颅脑损伤疗效观察

目的:观察高压氧加针灸推拿疗法对重型颅脑损伤的恢复作用.方法:将患者分为常规药物治疗组(Ⅰ组)、常规药物+针灸推拿治疗(Ⅱ组)及常规药物+针灸推拿+高压氧治疗(Ⅲ组).Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组病例数分别为58,65,76例.入院时与出院时分别对各组患者进行格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow coma scales, GCS)及功能综合评定量表(functional comprehensive assessment,FCA)评分.结果:与入院时比较,出院时3组GCS和FCA评分均显著增加(P<0.05).出院时Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组GCS和FCA评分显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组GCS评分显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05).结论:高压氧配合针灸推拿治疗能显著提高颅脑损伤患者的治疗效果.     

Evidence-based practice in group work with incarcerated youth

As a result of the Youth Criminal Justice Act's increased focus on restorative justice, treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration of youth, many more juvenile offenders require mental health services while resident in youth detention facilities [Youth Criminal Justice Act (2002, c.1). Ottawa: Department of Justice Canada. Retrieved September 19, 2008 from http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/Y-1.5]. Several common characteristics such as violence, aggression, and other antisocial behaviors, associated with criminal behavior, have been identified among male and female offenders. Dialectical behavior therapy, originally developed by Linehan [Linehan, M. M., 1993a. Cognitive–behavioural treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guildford Press] for chronically parasuicidal women diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, has been successfully modified for use with other populations, including violent and impulse-oriented male and female adolescents residing in correctional facilities. The intent of this article is to encourage the wider use of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) with young offenders. It includes an extensive review of the evidence-base to date and describes some of the creative modifications that have been made to standard DBT program format to meet the particular needs of various groups in both Canada and the United States. In keeping with the movement toward more evidence-based practice, the authors argue that DBT is a promising approach in group work with incarcerated adolescents and should be more widely used.     

Deaths in Unlicensed Alcohol Rehabilitation Facilities,

Non‐English‐speaking people do not always seek medical care through established institutions. This paper reports a series of deaths in unlicensed alcohol rehabilitation facilities serving Spanish‐speaking men. These facilities are informal groups of alcohol abusing men who live together. New members receive various treatments, including administration of ethanol or isopropanol, restraint, and seclusion. We reviewed 42 deaths in unlicensed alcohol rehabilitation facilities in Los Angeles County during the years 2003–2014. Data gathered included age, length of time spent in the facility, blood alcohol and drugs at autopsy, and cause and manner of death. Causes of death included acute alcohol poisoning, alcohol withdrawal, and a variety of other causes. Three cases were considered homicides from restraint asphyxia. The Department of Medical Examiner‐Coroner has worked with the police, district attorney, and State Department of Health Services to try to prevent additional deaths in unlicensed alcohol rehabilitation facilities. Nevertheless, prevention has been difficult.     

Spouse abuse: An integrative-interactional model

Although spouse abuse is a psychosocial problem and needs to be addressed from an ecological perspective, many clinicians confront this family issue daily. Outlined are some practical suggestions on how to deal with the abuser and the couple when one or both are clients. This work emphasizes the importance of contracts that are related to the level of work being done. Suggestions are made regarding the important considerations in the first few meetings when working with groups of men in the community. Interventions are derived from a broadly conceived cognitive-behavioral-systems perspective.     

The positive effects of cognitive–behavioral programs for offenders: A meta-analysis of factors associated with effective treatment

A meta-analysis of 58 experimental and quasi-experimental studies of the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on the recidivism of adult and juvenile offenders confirmed prior positive findings and explored a range of potential moderators to identify factors associated with variation in treatment effects. With method variables controlled, the factors independently associated with larger recidivism reductions were treatment of higher risk offenders, high quality treatment implementation, and a CBT program that included anger control and interpersonal problem solving but not victim impact or behavior modification components. With these factors accounted for, there was no difference in the effectiveness of different brand name CBT programs or generic forms of CBT.

微生态制剂—XA1503菌粉的研制和应用

从5株不同的蜡状芽胞杆菌中筛选出XA1503菌株,并与市售“止痢灵”菌种DM423蜡状芽胞杆菌进行了毒性和安全性试验的比较,证明XA1503菌株是一株十分安全无害的菌。用XA1503菌株制成的菌粉,经实验室和临床试验结果表明,它是一种有效的微生态制剂,用于畜禽肠道疾病的预防和治疗,特别是仔猪、犊牛、羔羊、仔犬的腹泻、鸡白痢有明显效果。     

A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of individually oriented Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (CBT) for severe aggressive behavior in adolescents

This meta-analysis, including six studies (13 effect sizes) and 164 adolescents, examined the effectiveness of individually oriented treatment (which means that the intervention contained at least an individual component, possibly in combination with group and/or family therapy) with CBT-elements for adolescents with severe aggression problems. A large and homogeneous overall effect size was found (d = 1.139) indicating consistency across studies. The included studies examined the effect of three interventions, namely, mode deactivation therapy (MDT; four studies), stress-inoculation therapy (1), and the cell-phone program (1). This multilevel analysis demonstrated that only few individually oriented interventions have been developed and evaluated, while four of the included studies used a weak research design. Effective individually tailored interventions for youths with severe aggression problems (who are unsuitable for group treatment) are scant. There may be added value if group interventions are supplemented with more individually tailored evidence-based interventions.     

The frozen rhetoric of AIDS denialism and the flourishing claims of a cure: A Comparative analysis of Thabo Mbeki and Yahya Jammeh’s rhetoric

This article compares and contrasts the frozen rhetoric of Thabo Mbeki’s Aids denialism and Yahya Jammeh’s flourishing claims of a cure for HIV/Aids. While Jammeh invoked Allah as the source of his herbal therapy, Mbeki employed what scientists referred to as pseudoscience to justify his claim. In the final analysis, whereas Mbeki’s denialist rhetoric froze in South Africa, Jammeh’s cure rhetoric continues to flourish in the Gambia. First, the rhetorical situation in both countries is appraised. Next, antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and alternative therapies, which are at the center of the polemics, are placed in dialogue before the dynamic subject is located at the critical junctures of space, power and the dominant truth games, where the subject shapes the same truth games that shape the subject. Accordingly, the outcomes of the ARVs debate in South Africa and the Gambia flowed from the interactions of space, power and the prevailing truth games in relation to the subject.