论知情同意的豁免

本文围绕医疗实务中的知情同意豁免，首先讨论了知情同意豁免规则的法律政策，详细分析了紧急情形豁免、治疗豁免、知情同意权的放弃和强制治疗这四种豁免情形，简述了医务人员在适用知情同意豁免规则时可能的法律责任。     

依法治会是工会在政治文明建设中发挥作用的重要手段

依法治会是党的依法治国方略对工会工作提出的必然要求,是工会参与协调劳动关系、履行维护基本职责和规范自身行为的需要,是工会在政治文明建设中发挥作用的重要手段。政治文明的本质是制度文明,因而必须抓好依法治会的各项制度建设。同时,还要加强工会组织自身的民主化、制度化和群众化建设,要加强职工队伍的民主法制及权利意识教育,为工会政治文明建设提供人力资源和智力支持。     

How Online Platform Work on Perceived Risk of Online Financial Products

Prior literatures about online financial products have neglected the platform element and the research has been done from the perspective of the consumers. Since both consumers and lending platforms are important elements in research of perceived risk, this paper attempts to connect consumers and the Internet platforms with P2P lending platform as the subject under the framework of perceived risk theory and tests the effect of P2P platform on perceived risk and the moderating effect of consumers on the relationship between them. Results different from the study of the traditionally perceived risk show that credibility has significant positive effect on privacy risk and functional risk. Convenience affects the perceived risk and financial risk positively. Practicability affects the perceived risk, psychological risk and social risk positively. Age has significantly negative moderating effect on the relationship of the Internet and the perceived risk among the female samples. Finally, marketing strategies are proposed for the P2P lending platform based on the results above.     

论节庆经济持续创新力与评价指标体系

我国大中城市的节庆方兴未艾 ,其实质是节庆经济。持续创新是节庆经济的灵魂 ,其内涵包括四个方面 :持续、发展、创新、效益。从产权经济学角度看 ,节庆经济也有一个交易费用的比较问题。因此要设置指标体系 ,对其进行正确地评价 ,有利于节庆经济的发展壮大。     

墨子的法律价值观及其创造性转化

墨子的法律价值观主要展现在：尚法法天的法律至上观、为仁兼爱的良法善治观、义正尚同的法律正义观、兴利利民的法律权益观和谈辩中效的法律商谈观。墨子的法律价值观以中国法律文化的“小传统”彰显了中国现代法律文化的“大传统”,映射着现代法律价值观的法律至上、仁爱兼爱、公平正义、义利相容、辨明析理等。通过弘扬“尚法法天”,促进法治意识的养成;光大“仁法”“治法”,助推良法善治;传承“义正尚同”,树立公平平等的法律正义观;倡导“兴天下利”的权益观,确保法治为民和保障民权以及借鉴“谈辩明理”的法律商谈,完善中国特色的民主法治,从而实现墨家法律价值观的“创造性诠释”和“创造性转化”,为良法善治、为法治建设,提供最为原创的“法治本土资源”。     

WHERE OFFENDERS CHOOSE TO ATTACK: A DISCRETE CHOICE MODEL OF ROBBERIES IN CHICAGO*

Why do robbers choose a particular area to commit an offense? Do they rob close to home? Do they search for areas with suitable and attractive targets? What keeps them away from certain areas? To answer these questions, a model is developed of how robbers choose target areas. The model draws on various theoretical and empirical traditions, which include environmental criminology, journey to crime research, gang research, and social disorganization theory. Testing the model on cleared robbery cases in Chicago in the years 1996–1998, we demonstrate that robbery location choice is related to characteristics of target areas, to areas where offenders live, to joint characteristics of the resident and target areas, and to characteristics of the offenders themselves. The presence of illegal markets and other crime generators and crime attractors make areas attractive for robbers, whereas collective efficacy seems to keep them out. Distance as well as racial and ethnic segregation restrict the mobility of offenders.     

The Use of the MacCAT-CA with Adolescents: An Item Response Theory Investigation of Age-Related Measurement Bias

Despite the application of the MacCAT-CA to juveniles, questions been raised regarding the appropriateness of this tool for adolescents. The current study tested for age-related measurement bias using data from the MacArthur Juvenile Adjudicative Competence Study (n = 1393). Five of the MacCAT-CA items showed age-related measurement bias (i.e., DIF) for adolescents aged 11–15, and three items showed DIF for adolescents aged 16–17. Several items (e.g., understanding of juries) were more difficult for adolescents than adults matched at the same latent level of capacity, suggesting that these items might underestimate adolescents’ legal capacities. Contrary to expectations, there was little evidence of age-related measurement bias on the Appreciation scale. The use of the MacCAT-CA in research and clinical settings is discussed.

Experiences of Stalking Victims and Requests for Help in Three European Countries. A Survey

Previous research by the Modena Group on Stalking (MGS) regarding awareness and recognition of stalking by police officers and general practitioners using case scenarios showed significant differences across three countries. It was also hypothesized that victims used different pathways when seeking help. To explore the experience of requesting help by victims of stalking in different European countries a detailed survey was completed by 391 victims of stalking in Belgium (n = 145), Italy (n = 126) and Slovenia (n = 120). The research confirmed the significant intensity and duration of stalking and psychological distress for victims. Victims used several pathways to survive stalking. Some victims reported that informal interventions they or family/friends implemented were effective, but the majority had to have recourse to helping agencies. Significant differences in help seeking behaviour were found between the three countries. In Belgium victims contacted the police, as well as other helping agencies, more often and more precociously than in Italy and Slovenia. Restriction orders against the stalker were considered the most effective intervention. Police were regarded as the least supportive agency, taking victims less seriously, and not being particularly effective at stopping the stalkers. Police were ranked after family/friends, lawyers and colleagues, with regards effectiveness, except in Belgium, where Police’s effectiveness was ranked second after lawyers. Stalking often requires the mobilization of multiple helping agencies by victims and it is important that victims are aware of what help is available to them and that agencies become more sensitive to their needs.     

政府系统副职职能转型、规模控制与组织法治

改革政府系统副职现状,是政府机构改革的有机部分,是政府组织、法治化、科学化的基本要求。加快政府组织法治化进程,完善政府组织法的框架和内容,在政府职能转变的基础上继续推进"大部制"改革,提升部门地位和权能,实现政府系统副职职能转型和规模控制,对于推进法治政府建设和实现政府组织体系科学化,具有重大的现实意义。