领导干部获取“真话”的三条渠道

听真话、察实情、办实事是科学决策的基础。各级领导干部要听真话、办实事，首先要做到出以公心，以公共利益为首要的评判标准；要从真话传递途径上下工夫，使真话传递不走样、不打折；要鼓励说真话，营造说真话的良好社会环境。     

坚持和发展中国特色社会主义

党的十八大报告中提出的坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的重要论述和重要部署,对于全党全国各族人民毫不动摇坚持与时俱进发展中国特色社会主义,夺取中国特色社会主义新胜利,具有极强的现实针对性和长远的指导意义。     

邓小平对实事求是思想路线的贡献

在改革开放历史新时期,邓小平作为我们党的第二代中央领导集体的核心,对马克思列宁主义和毛泽东思想的杰出贡献之一,就是恢复和发展了实事求是的思想路线。邓小平对实事求是思想路线的贡献主要表现为:从世界观和方法论的统一上升华了"实事求是";率先倡导重新确立了党的实事求是的思想路线;把实事求是的思想路线上升为一个完整的系统;提出并论证了实事求是与解放思想的辨证统一;阐明了思想路线同政治路线、组织路线的关系;强调了实事求是的思想路线与群众路线的统一;坚持了系统的实事求是的思想方法和工作方法;身体力行,为全党树立了坚持实事求是的榜样。     

死亡的自我决定权与社会决定权——中日安乐死问题的比较研究

日本的安乐死研究重视患者的“自我决定权”，有轻视“经济负担”等外在社会利益因素的倾向。而我国恰恰与此相反，过于关注“社会医药资源的合理配置”等外在社会利益因素，缺乏对患者“自我决定权”这一内在因素的深入研究。其实，“自我决定”与“社会决定”分别是允许积极安乐死的必要条件而不是充分条件。用二选一的方法，舍弃其中的任何一个原理来建构安乐死合法论是行不通的。只有将“自我决定权”与“社会决定权”相结合，才能从刑法理论上顺利解决安乐死问题。只有当两者都符合时，积极安乐死才是合法的。     

Nonmetric sex determination from the distal and posterior humerus in black and white South Africans

The successful identification of human skeletal remains relies on proven diagnostic techniques for sex determination. This research utilized 608 individuals from South Africa (420 men, 188 women) to conduct a blind nonmetric determination of sex from three features of the distal humerus: olecranon fossa shape, angle of the medial epicondyle, and trochlear extension. A scoring system between males and females was implemented, and the aggregate score of the three features determined the estimated sex of the skeletal element in question. With all features combined, black and white South Africans were categorized successfully as either male or female 75.5% (77% accuracy rate for females, 74% accuracy rate for males). This classification rate is lower than what was found in previous studies, but suggests that characteristics of the distal humerus are still quite valuable when estimating skeletal sex. More research is needed to assess reasons for the differential expression of these traits in different populations and to determine whether the method is nonpopulation specific.     

Sex determination from hand and foot dimensions in a North Indian population

Hands and feet are often recovered from the site of natural as well as man-made disasters because of bomb blasts, train accidents, plane crashes, or mass homicides. This study is intended to establish standards for determination of sex from the dimensions of hands and feet in a North Indian population. The data for this study comprise 123 men and 123 women aged between 17 and 20 years from the "Rajput" population of Himachal Pradesh in North India. Four anthropometric measurements viz. hand length, hand breadth, foot length, and foot breadth have been taken on both sides of each subject following international anthropometric standards. The hand index (hand breadth/hand length × 100) and the foot index (foot breadth/foot length × 100) were calculated. Sectioning points and regression models are derived for the hand and foot dimensions and the derived indices. The hand and foot dimensions show a higher accuracy in sex determination by sectioning point analysis when compared to hand and foot index. Of the hand and the foot dimensions, hand breadth and foot breadth showed better accuracy in sex determination. Hand index and foot index remain poor sex discriminators in the study.     

利用右侧髋骨正位DR片判定贵州成人性别

目的建：抗利用成人右侧髋骨数字X线摄影DR片判定性别的厅法,并评价其应用价值。方法收集203例贵州地区成人右侧髋骨正位DR片,根据髋骨骨骼标本测量方法,结合DR片特点,选定9项测量指标（MI～M9）进行测量,运用SPSS统计软件分析测量数据,进行正态性检验、厅差齐性检验、T检验及秩合检验。结果剔除不符合条件的2项指标（M1、M7）,建立7项指标单项、7项指标联合使川以及3项指标（M2、M4、M9）逐步分析的判别方程,各方程判别函数回顾性与交叉性考核结果：单项指标59．6％～93．6％,7项联合和逐步分析均为95．1％。结论本文建立的利用成人右侧髋骨DR片判定性别的方法判别准确率最高达95．1％,町存实践中选用,并为相关研究提供数据参考。     

Sex Determination Using the Second Cervical Vertebra—A Test of the Method*

Abstract: Sex is one of the critical questions addressed when unidentified skeletal remains are discovered in forensic or archeological contexts. Continuous testing and re‐evaluation of existing techniques is essential to improve accuracy and precision. The Wescott (J Forensic Sci 2000; 45 (2):462–6) method of sex determination from dimensions of the second cervical vertebra was blind‐tested on 153 adult individuals from the Spitalfields documented collection of human skeletal remains held at the Natural History Museum, London. Significant sex differences were determined for all dimensions measured (independent two‐sample t‐test, p < 0.05–0.001). The discriminant functions developed by Wescott were shown to have an overall accuracy of classification of 76.99%. Using stepwise discriminant analysis, a discriminant function based on the Spitalfields data correctly classified sex in 83.3% of individuals and was able to classify males and females with equal accuracy. Additional discriminant functions are presented for use in instances where preservation of the second cervical vertebra is poor.     

信用评级机构的法律定位及其国际监管改革研究

信用评级机构是金融市场日益专业化过程中不可或缺的一员,通过其专业化的评价体系,对解决投资者和证券发行人之间的信息不对称问题发挥了很大的作用。但是,随着评级机构日益深入地参与到金融证券化的过程中,不可避免的利益冲突使其中立性、客观性等在一定程度上有所缺失。次贷危机发生后,对信用评级机构加强监管的呼声日益高涨,各国金融监管机构开始对信用评级机构进行全面的严格的监管,但是,由于评级业本身的自然垄断属性以及评级业务的专业性,使其定位上存在模糊之处。在分析信用评级机构存在的缺陷基础之上,对其法律定位进行探讨,并预测国际监管改革与合作的发展趋势是十分必要的。     

从历史维度看尼采生命哲学——以《悲剧的诞生》为例

尼采的生命哲学在历史上产生了重大影响,但学者大都从尼采中期和晚期的著作中研究尼采的生命哲学。通过对形而上学历史的分析,再以尼采《悲剧的诞生》这部早期著作为例可以说明尼采的哲学是依照历史发展而来的,他一生的生命哲学思想具有统一性。尼采哲学的首要贡献是实现了存在哲学向价值哲学的影响。