The Swedish dystopia: violent imaginaries of the radical right

ABSTRACT

Thorleifsson examines the ways in which violent imaginaries of Sweden have been discursively constructed and used by populist radical-right (PRR) parties and actors in contemporary Europe. Based on multisited fieldwork among politicians and supporters of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) and the Hungarian Jobbik party, this article demonstrates how individual acts of violence are ‘transvaluated’ into violent imaginaries of migrants from Muslim-majority lands. What Thorleifsson terms ‘the Swedish dystopia’ not only entails a message of alarm and warning. PRR actors also use the trope of the Swedish dystopia in their call for action against Muslim migrants and minorities who, they claim, pose an ethnoreligious threat to national identity, security and even (Judaeo)-Christian civilization as a whole.     

美国警方通过预防和执法减少青少年暴力犯罪

青少年暴力犯罪已成为世界普遍关注的犯罪现象。文章通过详述美国孟菲斯警察局"反青少年暴力犯罪计划"的几项具体措施及其获得的诸多成效,旨在为我国预防和惩治青少年暴力犯罪提供新思路和可行性策略。     

当前个人极端暴力事件研究分析———以“失意群体”为视角简

在社会转型的特殊历史时期,“失意群体”已成为当前我国个人极端暴力事件的主要制造者。“失意群体”制造的个人极端暴力事件背后,是社会结构剧烈变动所造成的一系列社会失范现象,以及由此引发的个人心理、行为的失调及社会控制功能的弱化,并在此基础上产生背离性越轨行为。基于默顿的越轨社会学理论,对“失意群体”的疏导与调控亟需从根本上消融“失意群体”产生的社会基础,即对收入调节制度、社会流动机制、社会保障制度、利益表达机制、法律救济途径等进行再建构,以达到利益的均衡、社会的稳定和谐。同时,要充分发挥社会控制的综合协作功能,强化多元社会控制,并采取更有针对性的化解策略,以逐步减少此类事件发生的概率。     

Domestic Violence Victims Support Mandatory Reporting: For Others

Five states now have mandatory reporting laws when a victim of domestic violence is identified in a clinical setting, and many other states are considering such legislation. Advocates for battered women have frequently warned that abused women may not wish mandatory reporting laws. Published data derived from the opinions, wishes, and beliefs of women victims of domestic violence have been noticeably lacking. This study presents a preliminary study of 45 abused women. Results indicate that women victims overwhelmingly support mandatory reporting laws. In an apparent paradox, however, they were much less certain that mandatory reporting would have been helpful to them in their specific case.     

自杀性暴力犯罪及其防范对策研究

自杀性暴力犯罪已成为影响我国社会治安的一个敏感而重大的问题,由于此类犯罪的危害后果非常严重,因此,在研究如何侦查此类案件的同时,应当着重探索此类犯罪的基本特征和发生规律,在防范对策上下功夫。     

Pauline Hanson and the Rise and Fall of the Radical Right in Australia

Abstract

In this paper Deutchman examines the rise and fall of the radical right in the late 1990s in Australia. In particular, she focuses on the rise and fall of Pauline Hanson's One Nation party. In 1996 an obscure backbencher named Pauline Hanson was elected to the federal parliament. From the moment she made her first speech in September of that year she was rarely off the nation's front pages. By April 1997 she started her own political party, One Nation. By July 1998 her party was able to win an astonishing 23 per cent of the vote in the Queensland state election. And by October 1998 she lost her own seat in Parliament and saw her party's fortunes decline. Deutchman examines various theories which have attempted to explain the rise of radical-right parties in Europe and the United States in order to understand the Australian case. Notably, she argues that the convergence of the two major parties, the Coalition and the Australian Labor Party, provides the setting in which the emergence of a radical-right party becomes more likely. Such a party often emerges when the two major parties are centre-right ones, as is the case in Australia. In most countries research has shown that it is difficult for a radical-right party to do well nationally. Indeed, this has been true in Australia. Despite the fact that One Nation has lost much of its electoral support, Deutchman argues that it is premature to write off the radical right in Australia.     

司法体制改革背景下司法警院警察体育教学研究 ——以广东司法警官职业学院为例

新时期司法体制改革背景下,狱内最低伤害武力控制理念的提出及技能运用,对司法警院警察体育教学的改革提出了新要求。对司法警院警察体育教学的改革措施等进行探讨分析,旨在为进一步提高我国司法警院警察体育教学水平,提升学警们的防卫控制技术水平以及增强监狱警察处理突发事件的能力和警察的法制意识、安全意识、责任意识等提供参考。     

从边疆暴力事件看公安机关的预警与应急机制

我国目前正处在社会转型时期,近些年来发生的一系列严重打砸抢烧暴力犯罪事件和西藏、新疆少数民族分裂主义分子、极端非法宗教和恐怖势力制造的系列暴力犯罪活动,都在提醒我们应该重视公安机关的预警和应急机制。这是稳定社会治安,关系民族、民生和保护来之不易的改革开放大好局面的大是大非问题。公安机关是国家的一支武装力量,是维护社会稳定的主力军。因此公安机关建立一套完备有效的预警应急机制,充分分析预测各种可能存在的不安全因素,采取相应措施予以控制,对处置这类暴力事件和维护社会稳定具有重要作用。这在很大程度上可以化解矛盾冲突,减少暴力犯罪事件给人民生活和社会带来的严重危害,维护国家法律秩序,维护各民族团结,保护人民群众的根本利益。     

Violent Crime in the United States of America: A Time-Series Analysis Between 1960–2000

This paper empirically assesses the effects of socio-economic and demographic variables on violent crime in the United States. Using national-level time-series data over the period 1960–2000, an unrestricted vector autoregressive (VAR) model was estimated for overall violent crime, murder, rape and assault. The results indicate that there is no long-run relationship among the examined variables, but significant short-run relationships hold. Imprisonment growth, income inequality, alcohol consumption, and racial composition of the male youth population are shown to influence the short-run behaviour of violent crime.     

DOWNWARD DEPARTURES FOR SERIOUS VIOLENT OFFENDERS: LOCAL COURT “CORRECTIONS” TO PENNSYLVANIA'S SENTENCING GUIDELINES*

We examine downward departures for serious violent offenders, using quantitative and qualitative data from Pennsylvania. We find that offense severity and prior record have negative direct effects on downward departures, but a positive interaction effect on them. Offenders convicted of aggravated assault, those who plead guilty, young black women, and offenders sentenced in large urban courts are more likely to receive downward departures, whereas those convicted by trial, young Hispanic males, and offenders sentenced in small rural courts are less likely to receive them. We argue that downward departures represent local “corrections” to guideline recommendations when there is a mismatch between guidelines and local court actors' definitions of key focal concerns of sentencing for serious violent offenders.