History of Traumatic Abuse and HIV Risk Behaviorsin Severely Mentally Ill Substance Abusing Adults

Epidemiological studies in the United States estimate HIV seroprevalence rates ranging between 4% and 23% for serious mentally ill adults (SMIA; i.e., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other chronic disorders with psychotic features), with substantially greater estimates for risky sexual behaviors. Among the most consistent factors linked to HIV risk in non-SMIA populations is a history of emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. The current study examined the intersection of abuse history and HIV sexual risk behavior in SMIAs with a group of men (n = 64) and women (n = 115) recruited from eight geographically diverse and representative clinical sites around Florida. A cross-sectional interview revealed a high prevalence of alcohol and other drugs problems, as well as a history of emotional, physical, or sexual abuse in 75% of the participants, with 68% of these reporting multiple types of abuse. Compared to nonabused counterparts, those with a history of abuse reported significantly greater: (a) lifetime and current psychiatric symptoms, (b) recent unprotected sexual intercourse, and (c) crack cocaine, heroin, and marijuana use. No gender differences were detected in the associations of abuse history and sexual risk behaviors. These results underscore the need for HIV prevention efforts targeted to SMIAs and the critical importance of addressing abuse history in interventions with this underserved population.     

Construct Validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire and Its Relationship with Self-Esteem,Depression, and Ego Development

Construct validity of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire (OSIQ) was studied in a sample of 194 normal Finnish adolescents from 14 to 16 years of age. Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the hierarchical structure of adolescents’ self-image with 5 lower-order factors loading on a single higher-order factor. Lower-order factors were Personally Anxious Self, Social Relationships, Sexual Attitudes, Family Relationships, and Social Conscience. The relationships between the self-image areas of the OSIQ, global self-esteem, depression, and ego development were also examined. The results support the construct, convergent, and discriminant validity of the presented structure of the OSIQ.He received M.A. from University of Helsinki. Major research interest concern adolescent psychological developmentHe received Ph.D. from University of Helsinki. Major research interests include psychosocial health risks and organizational behavior.He received M.D. from Lausanne University and Ph.D. from Helsinki University. Major research interests include attachment issues, fatherhood, and foster parenting.He received his Ph.D. in psychiatry from the University of Helsinki. Major research interests are developmental theory of adolescence and personality development of adolescents in chronic illness.He received Ph.D. from University of Cambridge. Major research interests concern personality and developmental psychology.     

道路交通事故成因与对策

道路交通事故给国家和人民群众生命安全带来很大影响,如何减少和预防交通事故,改善道路交通安全状况是值得研究的重大课题。道路交通事故原因是复杂的,但重要的是人的因素。只要大家都重视交通安全,自觉遵守和维护交通秩序,社会各界关心交通安全,公安交通管理部门严格执法,服务群众,改善道路状况,道路交通事故一定能够降下来。     

所有权本质论

对所有权本质的理论研究中 ,长期以来 ,我们一直坚持所有制决定论 ,即把人类对物质资料的占有归结为所有制 ,并把所有制看作是决定所有权本质的经济基础 ,结果将所有权的本质简单地归结为由占有的经济状态决定 ,从而忽视了所有权就其本质而言是精神性的东西 ,而非物质性的东西。实际上 ,对物的需求与占有恰恰是人的自我的实现 ,所有权之所以能够在法的范畴中占有中心的位置 ,其本质就是在所有权上体现了人性、人格自身。故本文从人的角度 ,从占有中体现的“所有”的权利思想论证所有权的本质 ,以说明法律保护所有权的正当性依据。     

再论犯罪现场的概念——兼与尤小文博士商榷

犯罪现场的概念有狭义和广义之分,狭义的犯罪现场概念是指发生犯罪行为的空间场所;广义的犯罪现场概念是指与犯罪行为有关的人、物、时、空存在及其内在联系的总和,其中,与犯罪有关的人、物、时、空要素是犯罪现场的四个维度,犯罪行为是联系各个犯罪要素的函数方程,犯罪现场的内在结构模型就是犯罪现场构成要素的立体图形.犯罪现场概念的研究应包括各种学科与层次的方法.犯罪现场学是专门研究犯罪现场的理论和知识体系的总和,是犯罪现场概念等理论发展到高级阶段的产物.犯罪现场概念与刑事侦查学理论体系有内在联系.犯罪现场的本质是犯罪活动的社会存在,其应用价值体现主要是解析犯罪线索和搜集犯罪证据.犯罪现场的概念是反映和联系犯罪存在和犯罪证据的桥梁.     

中国与日本:同盟行为的比较分析

近代以来,中日两国由于同盟结构和文化因素不同而产生迥异的同盟行为.两个同盟都是由两个拥有各自主权但却彼此不平等的参与者组成,这样的同盟也是非对称和分层级的.这两个国家都很少有真正的同盟,从防务领域到政治经济领域,他们各自曾经拥有的同盟都承载着过于沉重的期望.     

新加坡与马来西亚关系中的水因素

本文以影响新加坡和马来西亚关系的重要变量之一的淡水资源分配问题为例,为诠释资源的争夺和分配是促使国家之间加强合作或进行对抗和冲突的主要因素之一这一命题提供一个实证分析。在新马关系中,水因素作为影响两国关系的一个联系变量和双方其他争端交织在一起,从而影响着双边关系的发展。     

印斯关系中的中国因素

自独立以来,印度与斯里兰卡历届政府高度重视发展两国友好关系,而印斯关系的发展也深受中国因素的影响：出于自身安全考虑,印度试图通过加强与斯里兰卡的关系制衡中国在南亚拓展影响力;而斯里兰卡则希望利用“中国牌”改善印斯关系并提升其在印斯关系中的地位。     

城镇化背景下我国商业地产的发展——一个灰色关联分析视角

新型城镇化建设是中国经济社会发展的强力引擎,商业地产是城镇化发展中必不可少的一环。本文从宏观经济、人口状况、批发零售业、居民购买力和城市建设五个方面,选取20个指标,利用灰色关联分析方法,对影响我国商业地产发展的因子进行识别,揭示影响商业地产发展的主导因子,为商业地产的科学、健康发展提供依据。研究结果表明,商业地产销售额、商业地产开发投资额与批发零售业销售额的关联度最强;相对于商业地产销售额,商业地产开发投资额和广义货币供应量的关联度更高;商业地产销售额、开发投资额与不同影响因子的关联强弱程度大致相同。提出丰富商业地产业态、加强金融引导、完成城市配套资源规划等政策建议。     

Computer Self-Efficacy and e-Government Service Adoption: The Moderating Role of Age as a Demographic Factor

This article investigated the moderating role of age on the positive relationship between computer self-efficacy (CSE) and intention to use e-government services.The Technology Acceptance Model was used as the theoretical framework for this study while the data was analyzed with SPSS. The results showed that age as a demographic factor was significant and positively moderates the impact of CSE on the intention to use e-government services. Also, CSE was a significant predictor of the intention to use but age does not have a direct significant impact on the intention to use. The implications of these findings are discussed.