Lithuanian men’s struggles with precarious life: unemployment,working identities,and strategies of survival

Using semi-structured interviews with young unemployed Lithuanian men, this article examines three distinct male working identities associated with ways of coping with unemployment and a sense of precarity: “desperate conformists,” “liberated dreamers,” and men “lost in work transition.” The interviews demonstrate that unemployment stigmatizes men, particularly those with lesser professional and social competencies crucial to efficient participation in the labor market. Therefore, the respondents’ incessant attempts to search for a job or their dreaming about it can be regarded as a way of resisting stigmatization and precarity.     

Skunks in an English Woodland: Should England Embrace For‐Profit Higher Education?

The British government is encouraging the growth of for‐profit alternative providers of higher education (HE). While it is true that for‐profits have opened HE access to previously under‐served groups and have been more agile in reacting to market demand, they have done so at a considerable cost to students and the taxpayer because they do not share in the cost of the failure of HE to ensure a payoff for many of their students. The US experience with for‐profits should be a cautionary tale for those supporting their expansion in Britain. Policy is needed to craft a regulatory framework that produces the benefits that for‐profits can provide, but minimises the costs that often accompany them. At present, it is far from clear that expanding alternative providers—that is, for‐profits—would ‘work better’ for students.     

People and Power: Democracy after Brexit

The result of the 2016 European Union (EU) referendum revealed a disconnect between policy makers and the public, particularly those who could be considered part of Britain’s contemporary working class. Whilst there has been significant attention paid to the parliamentary activity to agree the terms under which Britain will leave the EU, there has been comparatively less attention paid to the causes of the vote, and what can be done to improve public trust in democracy. This article proposes a new public attitudes‐led policy‐making model, using democratic innovations and design thinking, to reconnect policy making to the public and improve political equality.     

当代大学生消费观研究述评

消费观决定着人们的消费行为和消费结果,并在社会和文化意义上影响着对人的塑造.大学生消费观中既存在理性化的一面,也存在着一些问题,消费观教育在大学生思想道德教育中有着特殊的重要性,在大学生的价值观教育中要注重精神消费的教育意义.     

Limits to partnership working: developing relationship-based approaches with children and their families

Located within a context of widespread change social work professionals are required to navigate tensions between organisational imperatives and developing effective relationships with families. Achieving effective partnership working is premised on the development of relational ways of working where trust is formed through co-creation. The recent emergence of 'Fast-track' approaches in education and training reflects a shift away from developing skills in critical/analytical reflection, towards an employer-led approach that prioritises the need for 'ready practitioners'. Simultaneously there has been change in the family justice system, culminating in the Children and Families Act 2014 and the 26-week time frame for the completion of care cases. This paper explores current contradictions within social work practice. Pivotal is defining the role of social work within a contemporary English jurisdiction. Adopting deeper relational ways of working with families may help to define the boundaries of a profession that appears to have lost its identity. Rather than facing the prospect that the door is closed on the possibility of reclaiming practice that prioritises and values professional judgement and discretion, this paper reflects upon some positive examples of relational work with families by social workers within different sectors of practice.     

The enhanced cognitive interview: could individual differences in visuo-spatial working memory explain differences in recalling an event?

The Enhanced Cognitive Interview (ECI) is one of the most useful witness interviews, consisting of 5 techniques (context reinstatement: CR; report everything: RE, mental imagery: MI, change order: CO and change of perspectives: CP) aimed at increasing both the quantity and the quality of elements recalled. All the techniques require mental imagery skills. The present study investigates the relationship between forward and backward visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM) and correct elements recalled through the ECI with respect to its techniques. 99 college students (48 males) watched a color videotape of a fictional crime and performed a visuo-spatial working memory task. The following day they were interviewed about what they had seen. Results showed that high forward VSWM capacity has a role in favoring the total amount of correct information recalled, specifically in the MI technique. This suggests that maintaining and processing mood-related contents in VSWM is easier for individuals with high working memory skills.     

Proposed modification of a school-wide bully prevention program to support all children

Bullying prevention programs in the United States are being implemented in schools from kindergarten through high school to reduce rates of bullying behaviors. The bully prevention in positive behavior support (PBIS) model is an evidence-based, whole school intervention program. The PBIS model trains teachers, school staff, and administrators to model and provide positive reinforcement for children to decrease bullying amongst peers. This article addresses gaps in the current bullying prevention research by exploring challenges and potential modifications to the PBIS model based on staff perspectives of specific student needs. Utilizing focus group methodology, administrators, teachers, and support staff in a northeastern urban elementary school identified challenges experienced by students who were English language learners, impulsive, shy or sensitive, and female. The findings highlight the critical nature of school–parent relationships in addressing student, family, and cultural factors that influence the successful implementation of bullying prevention programs.     

工作场所外待命时间劳动法属性认定的困境突破:劳动基准法和劳动合同法的共同应对

雇员按雇主指示在工作场所外待命能否被认定为工作时间及应否获得工资等权益保护,是劳动法上的典型难题。这一问题可分别从劳动基准法和劳动合同法两个视角认识和解决:雇员在工作场所外待命,乃是受雇主拘束管理的劳动给付行为,应计为劳基法上的工作时间,使其享有最高工时限制、最低工资保障、劳动保护和工伤权益保障及必要休息时间等对价权益;而待命工资支付问题,本质上属于劳动力市场上的交易行为,应允许劳雇双方依劳动合同法“自愿、合法、公平”原则协商解决。     

民生问题的政治学解读——基于2007年政府工作报告

民生问题是今年政府工作报告中最大的亮点。政府近年来如此关注民生是出于民生现状、政府管理创新以及国家与社会关系深刻变化的需要,其中蕴含了政府以人为本的执政理念和对公民权利和社会公平正义的价值追求。     

大学生不良饮食行为与“胃不和”的关联性研究

目的 探讨大学生不良饮食行为与“胃不和”之间的关联性。方法 以5所中医药大学一、二、三年级大学生为研究对象,采用多级抽样法确定样本,对其不良饮食行为、“胃不和”状态和人口学特征进行横断面调查,采用二分类Logistic回归方法研究“胃不和”与不良饮食行为的关联性。结果 共调查3 825人,收回有效问卷3 700份(96.7%)。大学生“胃不和”的检出率为18.1%,不同年级、性别、专业、健康状态大学生的“胃不和”检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同饮食行为特征者“胃不和”检出率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果提示,关注饮食(OR=1.236,95%CI为1.072～1.426)、关注身材(OR=1.233,95%CI为1.069～1.422)、吐泻控重(OR=1.579,95%CI为1.254～1.989)、饮食失控(OR=1.388,95%CI为1.213～1.587)、暴饮暴食(OR=1.427,95%CI为1.209～1.684)均是“胃不和”的影响因素。结论 大学生易于形成“胃不和”,不良饮食行为是“胃不和”的重要成因。