对未成年人安全自护教育的社会调查与分析

随着社会经济的不断发展,未成年人成长的环境日益复杂。由于绝大多数未成年人没有接受过系统的自我保护教育与培训,缺乏自我保护的知识和技能,导致未成年人受到意外伤害的事件层出不穷,为此,对未成年人的安全自我保护教育已迫在眉睫。     

知识经济与学报青年编辑素质的培养

知识经济时代,科技发展日新月异,人力的素质和技能成为知识经济实现的先决条件,对学报青年编辑的素质也提出更高的要求。它包括思想素质、科学文化素质和能力素质等。学报青年编辑要适应知识经济的要求,需要不断加强学习,积极参加交流和编辑实践;以提高自身的素质。     

试论青年健康人格的培养

青年人格的形成是一个复杂的动态过程。青年人格的状态是衡量社会进步的重要参数。青年非健康人格的表现是多方面的,形成原因也是多渠道的。培养青年健康人格,使青年与社会双向良性互动,是提高青年素质的必然途径。     

Sudden Death Caused by Anomalous Origin of the Coronary Artery During Exercise

Anomalous origin of the coronary artery (AOCA) is a rare, but important cause of sudden cardiac death among young athletes. Nine autopsy cases (8 male, 1 female; mean age, 17.9 years; age range, 11–31 years) of sudden death during or just after exercise caused by AOCA were reviewed. The exercises performed at the time of death were running (4 cases), soccer (2 cases), and baseball, swimming and kendo (Japanese swordsmanship) (1 case each). In 6 cases, the left coronary artery arose from the right sinus of Valsalva, and in 3, the right coronary artery from the left sinus. The coronary arteries passed between the pulmonary artery and the aorta with an acute angle takeoff from the orifice. Three cases had cardiovascular manifestations prior to death. In cases with cardiovascular manifestations, novel imaging methods should be considered to prevent sudden death.     

美国警方通过预防和执法减少青少年暴力犯罪

青少年暴力犯罪已成为世界普遍关注的犯罪现象。文章通过详述美国孟菲斯警察局"反青少年暴力犯罪计划"的几项具体措施及其获得的诸多成效,旨在为我国预防和惩治青少年暴力犯罪提供新思路和可行性策略。     

养育子女影响了女性劳动力市场参与吗？ ——基于中国劳动力动态调查的实证检验

生育政策调整会影响女性生育率和劳动力市场参与率,进而对经济和社会产生影响。本研究利用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)2016年数据,分析不同子女年龄对女性劳动力市场参与的影响。研究发现：学龄前儿童对女性的劳动力市场参与有一定的阻碍效应,这种阻碍效应会在儿童进入正式学龄阶段后逐渐消失;其中,0—3岁子女对女性劳动力市场参与存在显著的负向影响,且对农村女性的负向影响大于城镇女性。因此,为了进一步促成我国生育政策调整目标的实现,需要完善我国女性生育支持行动策略,在推动0—3岁儿童照料支持体系建设的同时,更要关注城乡社会托育服务体系的同步发展。     

网络文化对青年道德的影响及对策

网络文化作为一种新型文化形态,对时代的精神状况发生着日益深刻的影响,对青年的道德认知,个性心理特征的形成起到了一定积极的作用,但必须承认网络的虚拟化也引发了当代青年道德行为的异化。对此,我们要积极面对,改变传统的道德教育方式,借助新闻媒体作用,使思想政治教育与大众传媒进行有机结合,同时还应出台相关的法律法规,以便更有效地约束青年网民的不良行为。     

社会制度与青年农民工的就业质量——基于湖南长沙市的实证调查

对长沙市301名青年农民工的实证研究结果表明,青年农民工的就业质量偏低,且受社会制度的显著影响。其中就业机构、就业培训和继续教育状况与职业声望和收入水平显著相关;就业机构和就业培训与职业稳定性显著相关;就业培训和继续教育与职业发展机会显著相关。因此,必须改革与完善户籍制度及相关制度,消除青年农民工就业的制度歧视,并大力加强青年农民工群体的自组织建设。     

Postmortem genetic testing in sudden unexplained death: A public health laboratory experience

Sudden unexplained death in the young poses a diagnostically challenging situation for practicing autopsy pathologists, especially in the absence of anatomic and toxicological findings. Postmortem genetic testing may identify pathogenic variants in the deceased of such cases, including those associated with arrhythmogenic channelopathies and cardiomyopathies. The Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene (WSLH) is a state-run public health laboratory which performs postmortem genetic testing at no cost to Wisconsin medical examiners and coroners. The current study examines sequencing data from 18 deceased patients (ages 2 months to 49 years, 5 females) submitted to WSLH, from 2016 to 2021. Panel-based analysis was performed on 10 cases, and whole exome sequencing was performed on the most recent 8 cases. Genetic variants were identified in 14 of 18 decedents (77.8%), including 7 with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (38.9%). Whole exome sequencing was more likely to yield a positive result, more variants per decedent, and a larger number of variants of uncertain significance. While panel-based testing may offer definitive pathogenic variants in some cases, less frequent variants may be excluded. Whole exome testing may identify rare variants missed by panels, but increased yield of variants of uncertain significance may be difficult to interpret. Postmortem genetic testing in young decedents of sudden unexplained death can provide invaluable information to autopsy pathologists to establish accurate cause and manner of death and to decedent's relatives to allow appropriate management. A public health laboratory model may be a financially advisable alternative to commercial laboratories for medical examiner's/coroner's offices.