Political imperatives and military preparations: New insights into why South Africa’s 1998 intervention in Lesotho went awry

In September 1998 South African troops crossed into Lesotho to restore stability to the small mountain kingdom that had been roiled by protests for months. Operation Boleas encountered heavy resistance – in the ensuing chaos dozens died and the towns of Maseru, Mohale’s Hoek and Mafeteng were damaged. Media and scholarly commentary on the intervention was scathing, but in the rush to judge there has been insufficient effort to chronicle and clarify. This article uses declassified archival records and interviews with policy makers to provide a more exhaustive explanation of how the Mandela Administration decided on the deployment of troops into Lesotho. It focuses on the difficulty South African officials had in aligning their political objectives with the military exigencies of the rapidly changing crisis. This re-examination of the Lesotho intervention rectifies historical inaccuracies while also identifying potential problems that policy makers should be conscious of when considering future peace missions.     

鸡毒霉形体TM-1基因原核表达载体的构建及表达

对从含有鸡毒霉形体H3株TM 1基因的大肠埃希氏菌DH5α中提取的质粒,进行EcoRⅠ和SalⅠ双酶切,获得了大约为786bp的目的片段。将此片段与经EcoRⅠ和SalⅠ双酶切的线性原核表达载体pET 30a 1连接,转化宿主菌BL21(DE3),筛选阳性克隆。提取质粒,经酶切、PCR扩增和测序分析确证其插入正确,从而构建成了重组表达载体。阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达,表达产物经SDS PAGE电泳分析,证明其分子质量约为29ku;Western blotting分析表明,该蛋白可被鸡毒霉形体阳性血清识别,具有生物学活性。     

调整内容，提高层次——浅谈现代通信技术的发展、计算机教育与公安通信技术教育

现代通信技术的发展,公安计算机和公安通信教育是公安院校必须重视的课题.本文浅谈国内国外各行各业计算机的应用和通信技术的发展,目的在于改变我们的思想观念,提高对现代公安通信教育的重视,加强公安通信实验室建设,促进教学效果进一步提高,共同为培养21世纪高素质警官而奋斗.     

博白县抢抓多区域合作新机遇的战略构想

泛珠三角经济圈、海峡两岸农业合作和北部湾（广西）经济区构想的提出与实施,给博白县带来了千载难逢的多区域合作新机遇;而优越的地理位置和经济人文资源,非常有利于博白县抢抓多区域合作新机遇,打造“通江达海”新格局,并以此发展博白县的工业化、城镇化和现代农业。     

Validation of the Investigator 24plex QS Kit: a 6-dye multiplex PCR assay for forensic application in the Chinese Han population

The Investigator 24plex QS Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) is a 6-dye fluorescent chemistry short tandem repeat (STR) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification system that simultaneously amplifies 20 of the expanded Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) core STR loci, SE33, DYS391, and the standard sex-determining locus, amelogenin, as well as two special internal performance quality sensor controls (QS1 and QS2), which are included in the primer mix to check the PCR performance. This study was designed to be a pilot evaluation of this STR-PCR kit in a Chinese Han population regarding the PCR conditions, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and concordance; tolerance to PCR inhibitors; applicability to real “forensic-type” samples; species specificity; mixture, balance and stutter analyses, and utility in a population investigation. The exhaustive validation studies demonstrated that the Investigator 24plex QS system is accurate, sensitive and robust for STR genotyping. In addition, these genetic markers in the population data in our study indicated that they can also be useful for forensic identification and paternity testing in the Chinese Han population.     

安徽几种香茶菜属植物显微鉴别研究

目的 研究安徽几种香茶菜属植物叶表面的毛茸和气孔的显微特征差异。方法 应用表面制片法对4种香茶菜属植物香茶菜、歧伞香茶菜、大萼香茶菜、显脉香茶菜的叶表面特征进行显微观察。结果 4种香茶菜属植物叶表面特征有显著差异：香茶菜具有长短两种腺毛,歧伞香茶菜和大萼香茶菜仅具短腺毛,显脉香茶菜仅具长腺毛且腺头较大;歧伞香茶菜的非腺毛最长,细胞数最多;大萼香茶菜气孔密度高且较大。结论 可从叶表面毛茸和气孔的特征鉴别4种香茶菜。     

Peasant inclusion in global value chains: economic upgrading but social downgrading in labour processes?

This paper identifies impacts of value chain inclusion on labour from a social sustainability perspective. It focusses on the tasks, livelihoods and subjectivities of Amazonian flood plain peasants (ribeirinhos) who collect açaí for sale to an expanding market. The ‘logic’ of ribeirinho chain inclusion is explored using a combination of labour process and human security indicators. While household income benefits can be significant, gains may be threatened by monoculture trends and local power structures. Human security indicators suggest further caution. Whilst ribeirinhos remain very ‘flexible’ workers, chain engagement entails insecurities, as highlighted by their variable views of collectivity and contradictory positions with respect to sustainability. Sustainable chain prognoses require a deeper understanding of agents' means and of the preferred choices and voice of those working at the beginning of chains.     

Into history through the back door: The ‘past historic’ in Nights at the Circus and Affinity

This article centres around three ways in which ‘new materialism’ or ‘neomaterialism’—terms coined by DeLanda and Braidotti in the second half of the 1990s—can be called ‘transversal’. New materialism is a cultural theory that does not privilege culture, but focuses on what Haraway would call ‘naturecultures’. It explores a monist perspective of the human being, disposed of the dualisms that have dominated the humanities until today, by giving special attention to matter, as it has been so much neglected by dualist thought. New materialism, a cultural theory inspired by the thoughts of Deleuze, that spurs a renewed interest in philosophers such as Spinoza and Leibniz, shows how cultured humans are always already in nature, and how nature is necessarily cultured, how the mind is always already material, and how matter is necessarily something of the mind. New materialism opposes the transcendental and humanist (dualist) traditions that are haunting a cultural theory that is standing on the brink of both the modern and the post-postmodern era. The transcendental and humanist traditions, which are manifold yet consistently predicated on dualist structures, continue to stir debates that have a stifling effect on the field (think of the feminist polemic concerning the failed materialism in the work of Butler, and of the Saussurian/Lacanian linguistic heritage in media and cultural studies). New materialism allows for the conceptualisation of the travelling of the fluxes of matter and mind, body and soul, nature and culture, and opens up active theory formation. The three transversalities concern disciplinarity, paradigms and the spatiotemporality of theory.     

Isolation and Identification of Three By‐products Found in Methylamphetamine Synthesized by the Emde Route

This article describes the isolation and structural elucidation of three compounds produced during the synthesis of methylamphetamine by the so‐called “Emde” procedure. The “Emde” procedure involves the preparation of the intermediate chloropseudoephedrine or chloroephedrine from ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, respectively. The intermediates are then reduced to methylamphetamine with hydrogen under pressure in the presence of a catalyst. The by‐product compounds were isolated from methylamphetamine by column chromatography and liquid chromatography (LC). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹³C NMR), and nanospray quadrupole‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry (Q‐TOF‐MS) were used to identify them as two stereoisomers of the compound N, N′‐dimethyl‐3,4‐diphenylhexane‐2,5‐diamine and N‐methyl‐1‐{4‐[2‐(methylamino)propyl]phenyl}‐1‐phenylpropan‐2‐amine.