LC-MS/MS法快速测定全血中25种精神药物的研究

目的建立人全血中25种精神药物快速测定的LC-MS/MS方法,并应用于分析杭州地区药物影响下驾驶(driving under the inference of drugs,DUID)情况。方法以乙腈沉淀蛋白,离心后取上清液,氮气流下吹干,残渣以初始流动相复溶,离心后取上清分析;采用C18色谱柱(50mm×3.0mm,2.6μm)分离,流动相:0.1%甲酸水(A相),乙腈:甲醇=1:1(B相),梯度洗脱;质谱检测,采用串联质谱电喷雾离子源,正电离扫描,多反应监测(MRM)。结果 25种精神药物在0.05~20ng/m L范围内线性良好,R=0.994 4~0.999 6;定量下限为0.05ng/m L;提取回收率为83.0%~99.7%;方法回收率为80.2%~97.4%;日内精密度(RSD)为1.6%~14%;日间精密度(RSD)为3.1%~14%。以该法测定杭州市公安司法鉴定中心留存的全血样品3140例,25种精神药物至少一种的检出率为3.7%。结论本方法灵敏、快捷、准确,适用于全血中25种精神药物快速检测。     

Remembering the children: decolonizing community-based restorative justice for Indian Residential Schools

This article argues for community-based justice to confront the atrocities of residential schools in Canada. After considering the strengths of community-based restorative justice (CBRJ) in relation to state-sponsored transitional justice responses, I examine a case study of the Remembering the Children Society (RCS), an Indigenous church partnership, that has worked to commemorate children who lost their lives at the Red Deer Industrial School. The RCS engages in a decolonizing form of CBRJ by placing primacy on Indigenous cultures through (1) feasts and ceremonies, (2) freeing the spirits of children who died, (3) the centrality of elders, and (4) Aboriginal spirituality and world views on ‘working together’. The centrality of cultures contributes to decolonization through (1) cultural resistance in the face of assimilation, (2) the healing power of cultural resurgence, (3) the development of mutually honoring partnerships, and (4) the telling of decolonizing truths. In conclusion, I consider the broader impacts of the RCS in helping transform official narratives about residential schools.     

CAN SELF‐CONTROL CHANGE SUBSTANTIALLY OVER TIME? RETHINKING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF‐ AND SOCIAL CONTROL*

The primary goals of this study were to test the long‐term stability thesis of Gottfredson and Hirschi's (1990) general theory of crime and to examine the relationship between self‐control and social control over time. The data come from a field experiment where the “treatment” consisted of an intentional effort to improve the childrearing behaviors of a sample of caregivers whose children were at high risk of criminal behavior. Caregivers in the control condition were given no such training. The intervention occurred when all subjects were in the first grade (mean age: 6.2 years old), and we have measurements on self‐control and the social control/bond for each subject from grades 6 to 11 (mean ages: 12 to 17 years old). Both a hierarchical linear model and a second‐order latent growth model identified meaningful differences in the growth pattern of self‐control among individuals in the pooled sample and a difference in the growth parameters for self‐control and the social control/bond over time between the treatment and control groups. Both findings are inconsistent with Gottfredson and Hirschi's stability of self‐control hypothesis. The same patterns persisted when different analytic techniques and model specifications were applied, which suggests that the results are not an artifact of measurement error, model specification, or statistical methods. Structural equation modeling using the panel design of the data was better able to disentangle the long‐term relationship between self‐ and social control—a relationship that was found to be more dynamic than previously hypothesized.     

甲胺磷在家兔血保存标本中的分解动力学研究

研究甲胺磷中毒死的检血在保存中的甲胺磷分解动力学。甲胺磷中毒死的家兔血分别在室温（12～25℃）及冰箱（4℃）保存,并用气相色谱－火焰光度检测器测定不同时间的浓度。在室温及冰箱中,甲胺磷在家兔血保存标本中的分解初始很快,随时间延长,分解趋于缓。队分解曲线类似动力学静注二室模型。甲胺磷在室温保存组中的分解较冰箱中快。该研究为正确判断甲胺磷中毒的分析结果提供了参考依据。     

Transferring MSW Education to Practice: A Qualitative Study With Public Child Welfare Employees

This study used a qualitative analysis of survey data collected from public child welfare employees (n = 168) as they completed master's of social work courses in a weekend/hybrid program, to examine their perceptions of ability to apply classroom learning to practice. The program, which combined a focus on direct practice and management, was developed in partnership with the state's public child welfare agency, during a period of systemic change and case practice reform. Findings indicate that students readily transferred knowledge and skills to the workplace, albeit with some challenges. In particular, management courses appeared to provide an important framework in understanding the organizational context of practice.     

Formative Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Intervention to Reduce Long-Term Foster Care: Assessing Readiness for Summative Evaluation

As part of the federal Permanency Innovations Initiative, this local grantee implemented an evidence-based intervention to improve outcomes for children with serious emotional disturbance. The project approach integrates the tenets of implementation science and program evaluation. Formative evaluation used a small sample (n = 76) to assess implementation integrity and statistical association to recommend whether the intervention was ready for summative evaluation (SE). Results showed that most process expectations were met. Statistical findings suggested that the intervention was associated with higher rates of reunification for treatment families as compared to families receiving services-as-usual. Thus, the intervention was recommended for SE.     

Cloud Data Imager: A unified answer to remote acquisition of cloud storage areas

The pervasive availability of cheap cloud computing services for data storage, either as persistence layer to applications or as mere object store dedicated to final users, is remarkably increasing the chance that cloud platforms potentially host evidence of criminal activity. Once presented a proper court order, cloud providers would be in the best position for extracting relevant data from their platforms in the most reliable and complete way. However, this kind of services are not so widespread to date and, therefore, the need to adopt a structured and forensically sound approach calls for innovative weaponry which leverage the data harvesting capabilities offered by the low level program interfaces exposed by providers. This paper describes the concepts and internals of the Cloud Data Imager Library, a mediation layer that offers a read only access to files and metadata of selected remote folders and currently supports access to Dropbox, Google Drive and Microsoft Skydrive storage facilities. A demo application has been build on top of the library which allows directory browsing, file content view and imaging of folder trees with export to widespread forensic formats.     

裂解气相色谱-质谱法分析鉴别轮胎胎面胶

目的对裂解气相色谱-质谱法分析橡胶的裂解条件进行优化,研究利用橡胶特征裂解产物鉴别轮胎胎面胶。方法采用裂解气相色谱-质谱法,确定对NR、BR、SBR的裂解条件及其特征裂解产物,然后根据特征裂解产物及其相对含量并结合聚类分析,对38种轮胎胎面胶进行区分鉴别。结果确定了裂解温度590℃、裂解时间15s及三种橡胶的特征裂解产物;将38个轮胎胎面胶样品的主体成分归为4类,其中NR类5个、SBR类12个、NR/BR并用类5个、NR/SBR并用类16个,且能够对大部分并用类轮胎胎面胶进行鉴别。结论通过优化裂解条件,裂解产物重复性好,特征裂解产物明显,能够确定轮胎胎面胶的主体成分类别并能对大多数并用类轮胎胎面胶样品进行区分鉴别。     

UPLC/Q-TOF-MS 和 PLS-DA 在鸦片生物碱检测及分类判别中的应用

目的建立了鸦片中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可汀5种常量生物碱和牛心果碱、劳丹宁、劳丹素等12种痕量生物碱同时分离鉴定的超高效液相色谱-高分辨四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC/Q-TOF）方法。方法采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C18RRHD（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm）色谱柱,以10 mM甲酸铵溶液和乙腈体系梯度洗脱,使用ESI离子源,正离子模式下采集数据。结果借助UPLC的快速分离和Q-TOF-MS测定的精确分子量和二级碎片信息,实现了17种生物碱的检测。应用SIMCA-P软件对78份国产鸦片和200份缅甸产鸦片进行偏最小二乘法判别分析（partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis,PLS-DA）,比较不同地区鸦片样品中生物碱的差异,建立了区分国产鸦片和缅甸产鸦片的判别方法。结论所建立的方法用于鸦片样品中常量和痕量生物碱的检测及鸦片样品的产地判别,具有快速、高效、灵敏、准确的特点。     

The Analysis of a World War I U.S. Service Member's Dental Remains Recovered in France

In October 2009, the grave of an unknown World War I (WWI) U.S. service member was exhumed in Rembercourt‐Sur‐Mad Village, in the Lorraine Region of France. The skeletal remains and material evidence were accessioned into the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command's (JPAC) Central Identification Laboratory (CIL). The personnel records for the associated casualty were requested, received, and reviewed. A dental profile was present among the service member's personal information. There were multiple points of concordance between the dental records of the associated casualty, and the recovered dental remains to include eight restored teeth, 15 unrestored teeth, and three antemortem missing teeth. Distinctive restorations which compared favorably included a porcelain crown and multiple gold foil fillings. All lines of evidence (historical, material evidence/personal effects, anthropological, and dental) and the circumstances of loss compared positively with the associated casualty. On April 1, 2010, the previously unaccounted‐for U.S. service member was positively identified and on June 23, 2010, was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.