大鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb及HIF-1α mRNA的表达

目的探讨皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb及HIF-1αmRNA表达的相关性及时间变化规律。方法 60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为9个实验组和1个正常对照组,建立大鼠皮肤全层切创模型,实验组分别于术后0、1、3、6、12、24、48、72、96h脱颈处死大鼠,提取创周皮肤总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测Cygb及HIF-1αmRNA的表达,实验组与对照组及各组间进行比较分析。结果 Cygb与HIF-1αmRNA创伤后表达的总体变化趋势基本一致,均于伤后12h首次达峰,分别为对照组的1.6倍和5.4倍(P<0.05);随后下降,并分别于伤后48h、72h再次升高,至96h达对照组的2.8倍和5.6倍(P<0.05)。结论大鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb与HIF-1 mRNA的表达呈现时序性变化且有一定的相关性,可作为皮肤损伤时间推断的指标。     

GPD1-L基因检测及其与青壮年猝死综合征的相关性

目的探寻甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶样基因(glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 like gene,GPD1-L)的变异位点,讨论其与青壮年猝死综合征(sudden manhood death syndrome,SMDS)的关系。方法提取SMDS组及健康对照组血样的基因组DNA,采用PCR法扩增GPD1-L基因编码区外显子、外显子-内含子交界区以及3′侧翼区序列,直接进行DNA测序以明确遗传变异类型,并进行基因型频率和等位基因频率的统计学分析。结果在SMDS组中共检测到2个变异位点,c.465CT和c.*18GT,后者在SMDS组和对照组中基因型分布和等位基因频率存在一定差异,但无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 GPD1-L基因变异与中国人SMDS发生的相关性尚有待进一步研究。     

A Comparison of DNA Extraction Using AutoMate Express™ and EZ1 Advanced XL from Liquid Blood,Bloodstains, and Semen Stains

In this study, DNA was extracted using an AutoMate Express? and an EZ1 Advanced XL from liquid blood, fresh and aged bloodstains, and fresh and aged semen stains. Extracted DNA was quantified by real‐time PCR using the D17Z1 locus. Short tandem repeat typing was performed using an AmpF?STR^® Identifiler kit. The yields of DNA obtained by the AutoMate Express? were higher from fresh bloodstains and fresh semen stains, almost the same from aged bloodstains and aged semen stains, but slightly lower from liquid blood compared with those obtained by the EZ1 Advanced XL. The addition of dithiothreitol or the use of PrepFiler? lysis buffer improved the EZ1 Advanced XL results from fresh bloodstains, but not for liquid blood and aged bloodstains. Our results demonstrated that the PrepFiler? lysis buffer is the main contributor to the higher DNA yields of the AutoM ate Express? for fresh bloodstains.     

Avian influenza, ‘viral sovereignty’, and the politics of health security in Indonesia

Abstract

In December 2006, Indonesian Health Minister, Siti Fadilah Supari, shocked the world when announcing her government would no longer be sharing samples of the H5N1 avian flu virus, collected from Indonesian patients, with the World Health Organization, at a time when global fears of a deadly influenza pandemic were running high. For observers of Southeast Asian politics, the decision reinforced the view of the region as made up of states determined to protect their national sovereignty, at almost all costs. This established view of the region, however, generally neglects the variable and selective manner in which sovereignty has been invoked by Southeast Asian governments, or parts thereof, and fails to identify the conditions shaping the deployment of sovereignty. In this paper, it is argued that Siti's action was designed to harness claims of sovereignty to a domestic political struggle. It was a response to the growing fragmentation and, in some cases, denationalisation of the governance apparatus dealing with public health in Indonesia, along with the ‘securitisation’ of H5N1 internationally. The examination of the virus-sharing dispute demonstrates that in Southeast Asia sovereignty is not so much the ends of government action, but the means utilised by government actors for advancing particular political goals.     

Time-dependent immunohistochemical detection of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in human skin wounds

The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) hold important functions in the early and late courses of inflammation, trauma and wound healing. In the present study, human skin wounds due to sharp force (n=105) were collected during surgery and autopsy. The wound age mainly varied from several minutes to 5 h, some specimens aged up to 6 weeks. Control specimens from uninjured skin were available in each case. After preparation of cryostat sections, immunohistochemistry was performed according to the APAAP technique, using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The results were evaluated semiquantitatively. All markers were weakly expressed in normal human skin constitutively. However, the staining pattern changed significantly in vital wounds concerning epidermal layers, subepidermal cells, vessels and sweat glands. IL-1β and IL-6 showed enhanced expression after 15 and 20 min at the earliest (increase of epidermal reactivity). After 30–60 and 60–90 min, respectively, marked expression was observed with these markers. Similar alterations were detectable with TNF-α after 15 and 60–90 min. The reactivity of all three markers persisted over several hours, then decreased to basal levels again and sometimes reappeared after days and in granulation tissue. Leukocytes reacting with IL-1β and IL-6 appeared after approximately 2 h. Conclusion: proinflammatory cytokines can serve as a useful tool for the estimation of vitality and wound age, in particular in the early post-traumatic interval prior to leukocyte reaction. Autolysis did not play a role in the samples investigated (postmortem interval up to 8 days). Problems could sometimes rise from constitutive expression. Therefore, it is recommended to examine control samples from the same individual and to compare the reactivity with wound specimens.     

Genetic profile of nine autosomal STR loci among Halakki and Kunabhi populations of Karnataka, India

POPULATION: Blood samples were collected from a total of 84 healthy and unrelated Halakki (44) and Kunabhi (40) populations, with their informed written consent. The geographic location of the sampled area is shown in Fig. 1. Both the populations are endogamous, and they belong to Dravidian linguistic family. Halakki is a tribal group having a population size of approximately 3383. They claim that they originally belong to Gujarat and Rajasthan, and migrated through Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. Kunabhi is also a tribal population, who are approximately 35,214 in number. The male Kunabhi can be identified by their tattoo marks. A necklace is the symbol of married women. They were hunters and gatherers, but at present they practice agriculture.     

正确运用唯物辩证法的光辉典范--学习江泽民同志"七一"重要讲话

江泽民在庆祝建党八十周年大会上的讲话,始终贯穿着唯物辩证法的认识论和方法论:通过辩证分析建党前后两个八十年的历史,揭示了党的历史使命和历史地位、党赖以生存和发展的基础、党永远站在时代前列的根本在于始终实践"三个代表";运用唯物辩证法原理对"三个代表"内涵作科学阐述.     

中国(辽宁地区)汉族人群血清H因子多型性分布的研究

应用超薄层聚丙烯酸胶凝胶等电聚焦电泳结合免疫印迹技术，首次报导中国（辽宁地区）汉族人群血清中H因子遗传多型性的分布。HF的基因频率：HFA=0．4828，HFB=0．5172，按Hardy-Weinberg法则进行吻合度检验，其观察值与期望值一致，并对中国（辽宁地区）与其它人群HF等位基因的差异性做了比较。