Fruchtgenussrecht an der gesamten Liegenschaft als Eintragungshindernis für Verbücherung weiterer Fruchtgenussrechte

Ein bereits eingetragenes Fruchtgenussrecht an der gesamten Liegenschaft/an s?mtlichen R?umlichkeiten der Liegenschaft steht der Verbücherung eines weiteren Fruchtgenussrechts oder Wohnungsgebrauchsrechts entgegen. Die Kritik der Lehre gibt keinen Anlass zum Abgehen von dieser Judikatur.     

“名词+名词”无标记比况短语语义和句法功能考察

现代汉语中存在大量没有比况助词作为标志的表比况的短语.本文首先分析了"名词+名词"无标记比况短语的构成情况,并通过与有标记的比况短语以及"名词+形容词"无标记比况短语对比,考察了"名词+名词"比况短语的语义类型和句法功能特点.     

气相色谱质谱联用法检测大鼠尿液中2C-B及其代谢物

目的研究4-溴-2,5-二甲氧基苯乙胺（2C—B）在大鼠体内的代谢物以及代谢途径。方法取Wistar大鼠3只,以2C-B灌胃,收集24h内尿液,用B葡萄糖醛酸酶水解,Oasis HLB柱固相提取,DB-35MS柱分析,气相色谱质谱联用检测。结果从大鼠尿液中检出6种2C-B的代谢产物,分别为：4-溴-2-羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙醇、4-溴-2,5-二甲氧基苯乙醇、4-溴-2-羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙酸、4-溴-2,5-二甲氧基苯乙酸、1-乙酰氨基-2-（4-溴-5-羟基-2-甲氧基苯）乙烷和1-乙酰氨基-2-（4-溴-2-羟基-5-甲氧基苯）乙烷。未检出2C—B原药。结论2C-B在大鼠尿液中主要以代谢物形式存在,其在大鼠体内至少仔在两种代谢途径：第一种是2C—B的2位和5位氧上去甲基后氨基被乙酰化;第二种是2C—B去氨基生成醛,接着被还原或氧化生成醇和羧酸。     

大鼠博落回总碱中毒后心肌细胞Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达

目的 观察大鼠博落回总碱中毒后不同时间段心肌细胞内Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达情况,为博落回中毒鉴定提供分子生物学标志物. 方法 制作大鼠博落回总碱中毒实验模型,通过免疫组化染色检测技术,观测不同时间段大鼠心肌细胞内Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达情况,并对其结果 进行图像分析. 结果 博落回总碱中毒后不同时间段心肌细胞内Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达不同,高于正常对照组(P<0.05).结论 博落回总碱中毒症状不明显情况下,应用免疫组织化学技术检测Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达,可作为鉴定博落回总碱中毒的辅助手段.     

FUT2/01基因座在中国北方汉族人群中的多态性

目的调查STR基因座FUT2/01在中国人群中的基因结构特征及其在中国人群中的多态性分布特点,并对其法医学应用前景进行探讨。方法应用PCR方法扩增FUT2/01基因,DNA测序确定所有等位基因的序列;常规聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳调查中国人群中FUT2/01基因座的多态性分布,同时应用荧光标记引物进行自动化检测分析和基因型鉴定。结果DNA测序结果仅显示核心序列的重复数目变化所导致的长度差异;在所调查的中国汉族人群162例个体中共发现9种等位基因和28种基因型,系统的个体识别率为0.9639,父权排除率为0.6266。此外,荧光标记引物经自动化检测可对该基因座进行良好的分型。结论FUT2/01基因座在中国汉族人群中表现出高度的杂合性和个体特异性,在法医学鉴定中具有较高的应用价值。     

Comparative analysis of 1-phenyl-2-propanone (P2P), an amphetamine-type stimulant precursor, using stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry: Presented in part as a poster at the 2nd meeting of the Joint European Stable Isotope User Meeting (JESIUM), Giens, France, September 2008

The isotope ratios of amphetamine type stimulants (ATS) depend as well on the precursor as the synthetic pathway. For clandestine production of amphetamine and methamphetamine, 1-phenyl-2-propanone (P2P, benzylmethylketone) is a commonly used precursor.Our aim was to determine the variation of the isotope ratios within precursor samples of one manufacturer and to compare seized samples of unknown sources to these values. δ¹³C_V-PDB, δ²H_V-SMOW and δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW isotope ratios were determined using elemental analysis (EA) and gas chromatography (GC) coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The comparison of all seized samples to the data of the samples of one manufacturer revealed considerable differences. The results show that IRMS provides a high potential in differentiating between precursors from different manufacturers for the clandestine production of ATS and identifying corresponding sources.     

Immunohistochemical detection of CCR2 and CX3CR1 in sepsis-induced lung injury

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease with high mortality. In the present study, we immunohistochemically examined CCR2 and CX3CR1 expression in sepsis-induced lung injury, and discussed its availability for the postmortem diagnosis of sepsis. Lung samples were obtained from different lung lobes of nine sepsis and eight control cases with postmortem intervals between 12 and 48 h. Immunohistochemically, mononuclear cells recruited into the lungs expressed CCR2 and CX3CR1 in both sepsis and non-septic groups. In double-color immunofluorescence analysis, CCR2- or CX3CR1-positive cells could be identified as CD68-positive macrophages. Moreover, most of CD68-positive macrophages expressed both CCR2 and CX3CR1. Morphometrically, the average of CCR2- and CX3CR1-positive macrophages was significantly increased in sepsis group, compared with control group (sepsis vs. control: 41.6 ± 1.3% vs. 8.0 ± 0.4% in CCR2; 36.2 ± 1.3% vs. 9.2 ± 0.4% in CX3CR1). These observations implied that CCR2- or CX3CR1-positive macrophages were recruited into the lungs under several pathological conditions. In particular, their recruitment might be more evident in sepsis. Moreover, from the forensic aspects, immunohistochemical detection of CCR2 and CX3CR1 expression in the lungs can be considered as valuable diagnostic tools for the postmortem diagnosis of sepsis.     

Developmental validation of a Cannabis sativa STR multiplex system for forensic analysis

A developmental validation study based on recommendations of the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) was conducted on a multiplex system of 10 Cannabis sativa short tandem repeat loci. Amplification of the loci in four multiplex reactions was tested across DNA from dried root, stem, and leaf sources, and DNA from fresh, frozen, and dried leaf tissue with a template DNA range of 10.0-0.01 ng. The loci were amplified and scored consistently for all DNA sources when DNA template was in the range of 10.0-1.0 ng. Some allelic dropout and PCR failure occurred in reactions with lower template DNA amounts. Overall, amplification was best using 10.0 ng of template DNA from dried leaf tissue indicating that this is the optimal source material. Cross species amplification was observed in Humulus lupulus for three loci but there was no allelic overlap. This is the first study following SWGDAM validation guidelines to validate short tandem repeat markers for forensic use in plants.     

Characterization of 26 miniSTR loci for improved analysis of degraded DNA samples

An additional 20 novel mini-short tandem repeat (miniSTR) loci have been developed and characterized beyond the six previously developed by our laboratory for a total of 26 non-CODIS miniSTR markers. These new markers produce short PCR products in the target range of 50-150 base pairs (bp) by moving the primer sequences as close as possible-often directly next to the identified repeat region. These candidate loci were initially screened based on their small amplicon sizes and locations on chromosomes currently unoccupied by the 13 CODIS STR loci or at least 50 Mb away from them on the same chromosome. They were sequenced and evaluated across more than 600 samples, and their population statistics were determined. The heterozygosities of the new loci were compared with those of the 13 CODIS loci and all were found to be comparable. Only five of the new loci had lower values than the CODIS loci; however, all of these were much smaller in size. This data suggests that these 26 miniSTR loci will serve as useful complements to the CODIS loci to aid in the forensic analysis of degraded DNA, as well as missing persons work and parentage testing with limited next-of-kin reference samples.