鸡IL-2和IL-15基因真核表达质粒对禽流感疫苗的免疫增强作用

根据GenBank中的鸡IL-2和IL-15序列设计了2对引物,采用RT-PCR法从山地乌骨鸡外周血淋巴细胞RNA中克隆了IL-2和IL-15基因,与pcDNA3.1连接构建了真核表达质粒pDNAIL-2和pDNAIL-15,研究了其对禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫增强作用。结果显示,免疫后第10d,pDNAIL-15 AI灭活疫苗组和pDNAIL-2 AI灭活疫苗组HI抗体水平显著高于AI灭活疫苗组(P<0.05)。免疫后第10 d,pDNAIL-15 AI灭活疫苗组CD4 淋巴细胞百分含量显著高于pDNAIL-2 AI灭活疫苗和AI灭活疫苗组(P<0.05);免疫后第23 d,pDNAIL-2 AI灭活疫苗组CD4 淋巴细胞百分率显著高于pDNAIL-15 AI灭活疫苗和AI灭活疫苗组(P<0.05)。证实pDNAIL-2和pDNAIL-15能提高禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫效果。     

Zum Erfordernis eines Teilurteils trotz "Außerstreitstellung" des Mietzinsrückstandes

Bei Verbindung von Mietzins- und R?umungsbegehren ist ein Teilurteil auch dann zwingend zu erlassen, wenn zwar die H?he des qualifizierten Mietzinsrückstandes im darauf gestützten R?umungsprozess nicht strittig ist, aber der Mieter behauptet, er sei nach § 1096 ABGB von der Mietzinszahlung ganz oder teilweise befreit; dies gilt auch bei Au?erstreitstellung des Rückstandes der H?he nach. Das Teilurteil geht bei der Kombination von Mietzinsund R?umungsklage dem Rückstandsbeschluss zwingend vor.     

从Napster的卷土重来看p2p版权及相关问题

P2p技术的相关利益主体之间相互博弈行为中存在一系列法律问题。彻底地解决p2p引发的版权及相关问题,只有将其商业化,建立利益共享机制,并完善相关版权法律制度。     

互联网融资创新、风险及其法律规制——以P2P网贷平台为分析视角

互联网金融作为传统金融自发改革、创新的产物,具有传统金融无可比拟的优势,但它既具备金融领域的固有风险,也具有互联网先进技术与传统金融结合而生成的新风险。对于这种风险,应该坚持"非法律规范—行政法规范—刑法规范"的调整位阶,以保护金融创新为监管的出发点。对于致力于信用担保的P2P网贷平台,应该对其资金池引入第三方托管,不应一概以非法吸收公众存款罪取缔。金融创新背景下,对金融管理秩序的垄断性保护失去了其正当性,对于非法吸收公众存款罪的解释,应该以公众财产权益这一法益为指导。     

基于SVM的汉语评论情感分类方法研究

情感分类是一项具有较大实用价值的分类技术．它可以对网上纷繁复杂的信息进行情感倾向标注．为用户提供一个简洁的总结信息，进而为人们制定决策提供帮助，然而目前针对汉语的情感分类开展的工作并不多。提出一种基于SVM机器学习的情感分类方法，并引入基于2-POS模型的句子主观性分析方法，利用SVM进行机器学习，实现汉语评论的情感分类。实验表明这种方法能够有效地判定评论信息的情感倾向。     

Parliamentarianism and anti-parliamentarianism in Portugal. The voices of the republicans, 1910–26

In Portugal the republican regime broke ties with the monarchy, advocating the need to reassume the national principle, as well as the secularization of its foundations and of the state itself. With the establishment of the new parliamentary republic in 1910 and the debate between republic and monarchy, the supporters of parliamentarianism saw a rupture in the composition and relationship between the powers foreseen in the constitutional charter of 1826, which gave more power to the king during the period of the constitutional monarchy. This made republicans grow closer to the constitution of the French Third Republic, the Brazilian constitution of 1891, the 1812 constitution of Cadiz and the 1822 Portuguese constitution, owing to the fact that these were radical liberal constitutions that conferred national sovereignty. The republicans put forward various arguments both to defame and to defend parliamentarianism. Nevertheless, as in the constitution of 1822, the republican constitution of 1911 stipulated that the congress (the Portuguese Parliament) would be, in theory, the only body that could regulate the political guidelines of the republic.     

美国法典1404(a)与非方便法院原则辨析

由于美国法典28卷1404（a）条款的立法规定在功能与措辞上均非常类似普通法上的非方便法院原则,因此很多学者误以为该立法规定与非方便法院原则之间并不存在实质性的差异。然而,这一看法并不正确。事实上,1404（a）条款立法在法律效果、证明标准以及具体适用方面均与非方便法院原则存在显著的区别。     

Political accountability,fiscal conditions and local government performance—cross‐sectional evidence from Indonesia

Why are some local governments more successful than others in managing resources and delivering services? And even more vitally, how can malfunctioning governments be reformed so that they perform their responsibilities more effectively? This article contributes to our understanding of theses overarching questions by exploring the interactions between political institutions and public sector performance in the context of decentralisation and local governance. It shows–both theoretically and empirically–that performance outcomes are determined by the extent to which people can hold their governments accountable through political institutions. The basic hypothesis underlying this research is that political accountability, either by encouraging sanctions upon non‐compliant public agents or simply by reducing the informational gap regarding government activities, will create forceful incentives for elected officials and civil servants to reduce opportunistic behaviour and improve performance. Using a cross‐sectional regression the hypothesis is empirically tested against evidence from newly empowered local governments in Indonesia. The empirical findings broadly support our hypotheses. Improved public services on the ground, both in terms of quantity and quality, require informed and well functioning decision‐making processes that allocate resources to priority areas that meet the demand of the broader community. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

4株猪瘟流行野毒株病毒结构蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列分析

应用RT-PCR和nPCR扩增由4株甘肃省近期(1997-1998)猪瘟流行野毒株的E2基因,将其克隆到pGEMTEasy载体上,经转化、筛选、鉴定后,测出核苷核序列.4株流行毒株的E2基因核苷酸序列同源性为89.2%-99.7%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为93.8%-99.0%.这4株流行毒株;与C-株(疫苗种毒)E2基因的核苷酸序列同源性为82.2%-84.3%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.9%-90.2%,表明近期猪瘟流行毒株与C-株的gp55蛋白之间存在一定的差异.     

Sample Mining and Data Mining: Combined Real-Time and Retrospective Approaches for the Identification of Emerging Novel Psychoactive Substances

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are synthetic drugs that pose serious public health and safety concerns. A multitude of NPS have been identified in the United States, often implicated in forensic investigations. The most common and effective manner for identifying NPS is by use of mass spectrometry and the true utility lies within nontargeted acquisition techniques. During this study, a liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) assay was developed, validated, and implemented for forensic toxicology testing. A SCIEX TripleTOF™ 5600 + with SWATH^® acquisition was used. Resulting data were compared against an extensive library database containing more than 800 compounds. The LC-QTOF-MS assay was applied to the reanalysis of biological sample extracts to discover emergent NPS. More than 3,000 sample extracts were analyzed, and more than 20 emerging NPS were detected for the first time. Among these were isopropyl-U-47700, 3,4-methylenedioxy-U-47700, fluorofuranylfentanyl, N-methyl norfentanyl, 2F-deschloroketamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-alpha-PHP, eutylone, and N-ethyl hexedrone.