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131.
132.
Dorte Caswell 《European Policy Analysis》2020,6(1):23-37
Active labor market policy is talked into being in meetings between street‐level bureaucrats and vulnerable unemployed. Recent developments in the street‐level bureaucracy literature has identified potentials in more ethnographic work and a closer attention to responsiveness as a core value of the frontline work (Brodkin 2012; Zacka 2017). Contributing to this, the analytical perspective in this article is informed by conversation analysis and data consist of naturally occurring institutional interactions. The patterns of talk consist of both general and concrete talk. The general talk is broad and unclear, but institutionally and politically legitimate. The concrete talk is characterized by words specifically addressing work places, wishes, and experiences of the unemployed client. General talk function is to keep a labor market perspective acceptable and relevant, even when talking to vulnerable clients. This is, however, insufficient in a policy implementation perspective, as it is the concrete talk that enables the parties to negotiate and promote possible positive policy outcomes in ways that are responsive to the needs and wishes of the individual client. 相似文献
133.
Fabian Gülzau 《European Policy Analysis》2020,6(1):100-118
This article explores the newspaper discourse surrounding a paradigm shift in social policy. The case at hand, Germany, is a prime example of a welfare state that was particularly resistant to reform. Hence, the rapid paradigm shift in German family policy since the late 1990s is puzzling. This study seeks to resolve this puzzle by drawing on the insight that public discourse is crucial for policy change. Politicians have to promote reforms prior to their implementation. The main channel for communication with the wider public is the mass media. I use newspaper coverage from 1990 to 2016 to analyze whether the media is responsive to reform initiatives. I use topic modeling, an innovative method from the computational social sciences (CSS), to identify dominant themes and shifts over time in a large corpus of newspaper articles (N = 1,459). The analysis shows that public discourse was responsive to the parliamentary debate. The article also clarifies the role of critical events and identifies discursive strategies. 相似文献
134.
Alex J. Krotulski M.S.F.S. Susan Jansen Varnum Ph.D. Barry K. Logan Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(2):550-562
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are synthetic drugs that pose serious public health and safety concerns. A multitude of NPS have been identified in the United States, often implicated in forensic investigations. The most common and effective manner for identifying NPS is by use of mass spectrometry and the true utility lies within nontargeted acquisition techniques. During this study, a liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) assay was developed, validated, and implemented for forensic toxicology testing. A SCIEX TripleTOF™ 5600 + with SWATH® acquisition was used. Resulting data were compared against an extensive library database containing more than 800 compounds. The LC-QTOF-MS assay was applied to the reanalysis of biological sample extracts to discover emergent NPS. More than 3,000 sample extracts were analyzed, and more than 20 emerging NPS were detected for the first time. Among these were isopropyl-U-47700, 3,4-methylenedioxy-U-47700, fluorofuranylfentanyl, N-methyl norfentanyl, 2F-deschloroketamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-alpha-PHP, eutylone, and N-ethyl hexedrone. 相似文献
135.
This paper examines the reliability of Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry as a tool in the capture of forensic footwear marks. This is applicable to photogrammetry freeware DigTrace but is equally relevant to other SfM solutions. SfM simply requires a digital camera, a scale bar, and a selection of oblique photographs of the trace in question taken at the scene. The output is a digital three-dimensional point cloud of the surface and any plastic trace thereon. The first section of this paper examines the reliability of photogrammetry to capture the same data when repeatedly used on one impression, while the second part assesses the impact of varying cameras. Using cloud to cloud comparisons that measure the distance between two-point clouds, we assess the variability between models. The results highlight how little variability is evident and therefore speak to the accuracy and consistency of such techniques in the capture of three-dimensional traces. Using this method, 3D footwear impressions can, in many substrates, be collected with a repeatability of 97% with any variation between models less than ~0.5 mm. 相似文献
136.
Emily E. Fairbanks M.S. Jennifer Turner M.S. Junkun Ma Ph.D. Jorn Yu Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(6):1954-1960
Trigger pull is the force that needs to be exerted on the trigger to discharge a firearm. The measurement of trigger pull can assist in the evaluation of the safety, function, and manufacturing characteristics associated with a firearm during the forensic firearm examination process. Nonetheless, the accuracy and uncertainty of trigger pull measurements may be affected by the measuring device, test procedure, and environmental conditions. In this work, an innovative finger-trigger interface device was developed to facilitate accurate trigger pull measurements. The idea was to reduce the variation related to the position of the measurement device on the trigger in existing measuring methods and devices. Three force sensors based on different technologies were initially evaluated. While two of the three sensors failed to produce data, the miniature capacitive plate sensor exhibited high precision and a linear response over the range of typical trigger pulls. To examine the effects of the finger-trigger interface on trigger pull measurement, different sensor housing prototypes were designed in silico and 3D printed for the construction of three finger-trigger interface devices. The performance of each finger-trigger interface device was evaluated by measuring the trigger pulls of several selected firearms and comparing the data to a previously published study. Our preliminary results demonstrated the novel finger-trigger interface device offered a new way to measure trigger pull in situ with acceptable accuracy and precision. 相似文献
137.
目的 观察八味芪丹胶囊联合依帕司他治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变的临床疗效及对患者血清铁蛋白及氧化应激指标的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制.方法 将62例糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripher-al neuropathy,DPN)患者随机分成观察组和对照组,每组31例.两组均以个体化降糖为基础治疗,对照组另口服依帕司他,观察组在对照组疗法的基础上加用八味芪丹胶囊,疗程均为4周.分别采用中医证候评分、多伦多临床评分系统(Toronto clinical scoring system,TCSS)评定临床疗效,采用神经电检诊仪检测神经传导速度,采用化学比色法检测血清铁蛋白(serum ferritsn,SF),硫代巴比妥酸法检测丙二醛(malondial-dehyde,MDA)水平,化学发光法检测超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)水平.结果 治疗后两组患者中医证候评分、TCSS评分均较治疗前明显减少(P<0.05),且观察组减少程度大于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后两组患者神经传导速度均较治疗前明显提高(P<0.05),且观察组较对照组提高更为明显(P<0.05).治疗后两组患者血清SF、MDA水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),SOD水平明显升高(P<0.05);且观察组SF、MDA水平的降低程度以及SOD水平的升高程度均大于对照组(P<0.05).结论 八味芪丹胶囊联合依帕司他治疗2型糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效优于单用依帕司他,且能有效提高神经传导速度,其机制可能与调节铁代谢途径、改善氧化应激反应有关. 相似文献
138.
目的 基于促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin, EPO)介导的JAK2/STAT5信号通路探讨百会、大椎刺络促缺血性脑卒中后血管新生的调控机制。方法 选取健康SD雄性大鼠150只,随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、模型对照组、刺络治疗组、刺络+EPO拮抗组,每组30只;正常对照组不进行手术,假手术组仅分离血管而不插线栓,模型对照组、刺络治疗组、刺络+EPO拮抗组采用改良的Zea-Longa法制备大脑中动脉局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型(middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model, MCAO/R)大鼠。模型制备后刺络治疗组、刺络+EPO拮抗组采用“百会”“大椎”穴刺络进行干预,刺络+EPO拮抗组在针刺前将脂质体-siEPO2复合物按5 mg/kg剂量对大鼠进行腹腔注射,使之进入合成EPO的靶细胞,在细胞内引起针对EPO的RNA干扰效应。采用苏木精-伊红染色观察各组大鼠脑皮质病理形态,RT-PCR法检测各组大鼠脑皮质中EPO、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) mRNA... 相似文献
139.
目的 观察微调三号方联合XELOX方案（希罗达+奥沙利铂）对Ⅳ期胃癌患者生存质量的疗效。方法 将51例Ⅳ期胃癌患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组26例采用微调三号方联合XELOX方案化学治疗,对照组25例单纯接受XELOX方案化学治疗。采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生命质量核心量表（European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life core questionnaire 30,EORTC QLQ-C30）及体力状况Karnofsky评分标准,进行两组生存质量的对照观察。结果 治疗组在改善Ⅳ期胃癌患者EORTC QLQ-C30量表的乏力、恶心呕吐、失眠、食欲丧失、腹泻、总体健康状况及提高Karnofsky评分方面显著优于对照组（P＜0.05,或P<0.01）。结论 微调三号方联合XELOX方案治疗能够提高Ⅳ期胃癌患者的生存质量。 相似文献
140.
赵瑛 《北京石油管理干部学院学报》2011,18(1):38-43
大庆油田有限责任公司第三采油厂在基层单位运用市场手段,探索实施4+3内部市场管理法。4+3,即构建4个内部模拟市场,完善三项配套措施。实行4+3内部市场化管理模式两年来,基层队发生了深刻变化:员工自觉性明显提高;员工学习技术热情明显提高;员工挖潜增效意识明显提高;基层生产管理水平明显提高。 相似文献