“The big sleep: Elucidating the sequence of events in the first hours of death to determine the postmortem interval”

Recent developments on postmortem interval estimation (PMI) take an advantage of the autolysis process, pointing out to the analysis of the expression of apoptosis and autophagy genes towards this purpose. Oxidative stress plays a role in this signaling as a regulatory mechanism and/or as a consequence of cell death. Additionally, melatonin has been implicated on apoptosis and autophagy signaling, making melatonin a suitable target for PMI determination. The aim of this study was to investigate the early PMI through the analysis of the expression of autophagy genes as well as oxidative stress and melatonin receptor. Our results demonstrated a rapidly increased on the expression of autophagy genes according to the expected sequence of events, then a marked decrease in this expression, matched with the switch to the apoptosis signaling. These results revealed potential candidates to analyze the PMI in the first hours of death, helping to estimate the time-since-death.     

Reproductive Health: Morals,Margins and Rights

Reproductive interventions and technologies have the capacity to generate profound societal unease and to provoke hostile reactions underpinned by various moral concerns. This paper shows that this position currently goes relatively unchecked by the European Court of Human Rights, which allows the margin of appreciation and consensus doctrines significantly to limit the scope of reproductive rights under the right to respect for private and family life under Article 8. This occurs both in relation to the interest in avoiding reproduction at stake in abortion, and that in achieving it at stake in medically assisted reproduction. The paper demonstrates significant flaws in the Court's framing and deployment of these doctrines in its reproductive jurisprudence. It argues that, as regards existing and upcoming reproductive interventions and technologies, the Court should attend to the concept of reproductive health, long recognised in international conventions and policy materials.     

A 26plex Autosomal STR Assay to Aid Human Identity Testing*†

Abstract: A short tandem repeat multiplex assay has been successfully developed with 25 autosomal loci plus the sex‐typing locus amelogenin for a total of 26 amplified products in a single reaction. Primers for the loci were designed so that all of the amplicons present were distributed from 65 base pairs (bp) to less than 400 bp within a five‐dye chemistry design with the fifth dye reserved for the sizing standard. A multiplex design strategy was developed to overcome challenges encountered in creating this assay. The limits of the multiplex were tested, resulting in the successful amplification of a wide range of genomic DNA sample concentrations from 2 ng to as low as 100 pg with 30 cycles of PCR. The 26plex has the potential to benefit the forensic community for reference sample testing and complex relationship evaluation.     

Potenzielle Auslieferungshindernisse aus der MRK

Eine unzul?ssige Beschwerde gegen den Beschluss des Oberlandesgerichts ist, wenn die Verletzung in verfassungsgesetzlich gew?hrleisteten Rechten nach Art 2, 3, 6 und 8 MRK geltend gemacht wird, der Sache nach als Antrag auf Erneuerung des Strafverfahrens (§ 363a StPO) zu werten. Dem Betroffenen steht nur ein Erneuerungsantrag in Betreff ein- und derselben Sache zu. § 89 Abs 2 StPO gilt nicht für das Erneuerungsverfahren. Art 3, 6 und 8 MRK k?nnen unter eng begrenzten Voraussetzungen in Zusammenhang mit einer Auslieferung eine Konventionsverletzung bewirken.     

Drittschadensliquidation

Blo?e Schadensverlagerung auf einen Dritten soll den Sch?diger von seiner Ersatzpflicht nicht befreien. Daher kommt es, soweit der Ersatzanspruch nicht ohnedies durch Legalzession auf den Dritten übergeht, zur Drittschadensliquidation durch den unmittelbar Gesch?digten. Der Beitrag untersucht dies für verschiedene Fallgruppen und hebt die Bedeutung der Schadensverlagerung für die Bemessung des Umfangs des Schadenersatzanspruchs sowie zur Abgrenzung von Drittschadensliquidation und Vertrag mit Schutzwirkung zugunsten Dritter hervor.     

跨国银行业若干案例与法理问题研究(上)

本文采用案例研究与比较分析的方法对跨国银行业中国际银行监管、法律的域外管辖与效力、暂停偿债、诉讼禁令、管辖权冲突等重要法律问题及其解决办法的理论与实践进行了较系统、深入地研究 ,对我国的立法与实践具有参考价值。     

平喘宁调节TRPM8通道相关蛋白干预寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症的机制研究

目的 探究冷刺激对哮喘大鼠气道炎症的影响以及平喘宁对寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症的治疗作用及机制。方法 将72只大鼠随机分成正常组,卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）组,模型组（OVA+冷刺激）,平喘宁低、中、高剂量组,桂龙咳喘宁组以及地塞米松组,每组9只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠采用OVA或OVA联合冷刺激建立哮喘及寒性哮喘大鼠模型,模型复制完成后,分别给予生理盐水及对应药液灌胃21 d。观察记录各组大鼠的一般行为学情况;采用HE染色检测大鼠肺组织病理变化;ELISA法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液（bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF）中白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）-1β、IL-6和胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（thymic stromal lymphopoietin,TSLP）水平;Western blot法检测瞬时受体电位美拉塔素8（transient receptor potential melastatin subtype 8,TRPM8）、粒细胞—巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（granule macrophage-colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF）、TSLP蛋白表达水平。结果 与正常组比较,OVA组、模型组大鼠均出现呼吸急促、腹部收缩明显等行为学表现;病理结果显示支气管管壁增厚、肺组织及支气管周围可见大量炎症细胞浸润;BALF中IL-1β、IL-6、TSLP水平显著升高（P＜0.05）;肺组织TRPM8、GM-CSF、TSLP蛋白表达水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。与模型组比较,平喘宁可改善大鼠的行为学表现,减轻支气管管壁增厚、肺组织及支气管周围炎症细胞浸润,显著降低大鼠BALF中IL-1β、IL-6、TSLP水平（P＜0.05）,显著降低肺组织TRPM8、GM-CSF、TSLP蛋白表达水平（P＜0.05）。结论 冷刺激会加重哮喘大鼠气道炎症反应,平喘宁可能通过调控寒性哮喘大鼠TRPM8及相关蛋白表达水平,减轻寒性哮喘大鼠气道炎症反应,进而达到治疗哮喘的作用。