公司治理结构研究——金融危机的启示

公司治理结构是指公司股东、经营者、职工等利益相关者之间就分配剩余控制权和剩余索取权的一系列制度性安排。不同的股权结构决定了不同的公司治理结构,所有权与控制权的分离程度可以解释公司治理的国际争论。在股权高度分散、公司所有与控制分离的情况下,公司治理核心问题是管理者与股东利益的冲突问题。而在集中持股结构的国家,大型公司的首要治理问题是限制控制股东对小股东的盘剥。本文指出在这次起源于华尔街的金融危机中,美国公司与日本、德国公司的不同表现给我们研究公司治理结构带来了新的启发。     

企业经济行为的环境考量——以利益相关者为视角

本文针对企业发展过程中出现的问题,从利益相关者的角度出发,分析了与企业经济活动相关的企业、消费者、社区和政府的环境伦理建设的必要性和具体内容,最后指出加强环境伦理建设的路径。     

企业伦理:目标、困境与对策研究

从传统观点看,企业目标只要不违法,利润最大化是最佳选择。由于市场经济是信用经济,在追求利润最大化的同时,企业必须既强调信用的伦理理念,又实施信用的伦理关怀。因此,在强调企业伦理建设的当下,企业目标为利益相关者财富最大化是一个理性的选择。     

论和谐社会视域下公司的社会责任

公司发展需要和谐社会所创造的良好环境,同时公司是构建和谐社会的重要载体。公司作为社会经济中最基本的市场主体和最重要的经济力量。而公司社会责任的实现问题作为一个复杂的系统工程,单靠企业一方的力量是无法得到有效解决,确实需要来自各方面的共同努力。本文通过对公司承担社会责任范围的讨论,就目前我国公司履行社会责任的现状,针对如何促进我国公司社会责任的实施提出相应的建议。     

Big Power Game/Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific

The substitution of game-playing,a key word in this paper,for the once-popular competition,signals an interesting change in the big power relations.Competition in the Cold War U.S.-Soviet relationship was marked by an antagonistic contention.Inter-state relations are now characterized by ambiguity,among the big powers in particular.However,"neither friend nor foe" or "frenemy" (friend + enemy) is used to describe post-Cold War China-U.S.bilateral ties.     

Influence of Khat （Miraa） on Primary School Dropout Among Boys in Meru County,Kenya

Despite introduction of Kenya＇s Free Primary Education in 2003 to achieve Universal Primary Education （MDG2）, primary school boys＇ enrolment in Kangeta is declining while dropout rates are increasing. This study investigated the influence of Khat （Catha edulis） on the boys＇ dropout rates. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 210 randomly selected dropouts and 10 primary school head teachers. Content validity of the teachers＇ questionnaire and boys＇ interview guide was ascertained by education experts, while reliability coefficients determined through a pilot test was 0.83a and 0.72a respectively. Peer pressure, Khat chewing, and easy money from Khat trade forced boys to leave school. Khat was highly regarded, socially accepted, and promoted the local people＇s economy and culture but was partly responsible for the boys＇ dropout. About 62% of the dropouts regretted leaving school and would re-enroll if given a chance. About 89% of the money from Khat was spent on food rather than investment. Parents and education stakeholders should help pupils complete education by discouraging them from engaging in Khat. Those involved in Khat should be encouraged to invest part of their income.     

Developing a Vibrant Livestock Industry in East Africa Through Market-Driven Research

Global demand for livestock products is increasing faster than supply putting humanity at risk of hunger and starvation. Research can reverse this trend but inadequate stakeholder involvement in its design and implementation leads to minimal impact. This study sought to explain how East Africa can develop a vibrant livestock industry through market-driven research （MDR）, which has an inherent capacity for stakeholder involvement implying a better public-private partnership. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from 25 randomly selected academics. Information was obtained from literature review and face-to-face interviews on the meaning of MDR, its importance, challenges, opportunities, focus areas and implications. The study shows strong support for MDR. Technologies and innovations developed through it are more likely to be adopted. The study concludes that MDR is suitable for solving societal problems and transforming East Africa from a net importer to a net exporter of livestock products. MDR should focus on improving productivity of the livestock industry through improved livestock breeding, animal husbandry, and marketing.     

基于利益相关者治理的中国国有商业银行治理

“股东至上主义”治理有着明显的缺陷,不适应中国国有商业银行治理的内在要求,国有商业银行的治理逻辑应是利益相关者治理逻辑。运用利益相关者理论治理国有商业银行符合我国的实情。     

农村公共品供给制度:变迁、博弈及路径创新——基于利益相关者理论的分析范式

改革开放后,农村公共产品供给制度经历了税费改革前后两个历史阶段,并发生了重大变迁。从利益相关者理论的分析角度来看,这些变迁是中央政府、地方政府尤其是县乡政府、农民等三方利益主体在需求决策、财政筹资、生产管理等方面进行利益博弈的结果,在当前的制度情景下,进一步走向各核心利益相关者之间的共同治理和利益均衡是农村公共品供给制度创新的方向。