以创新促进农村金融改革

“三农”问题的存在决定了我国农村金融的特殊性。农村金融市场、金融体系和金融服务等方面存在很多问题,急需进行改革。建议进行金融制度创新、金融产品创新和金融服务创新。     

Regulating Autonomy: An Assessment of Policy Language for Highly Automated Vehicles

Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology.     

Policy Narratives across Two Languages: A Comparative Study using the Narrative Policy Framework

The Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) focuses on the role of narratives, drawing from a rich scholarship in narrative, language, and culture. Despite the understanding that narratives are constructions of language and that narrative construction differs across languages, NPF studies have not focused on policy narratives in languages other than English. Language characteristics of narratives are important to assess the stability of policy narratives when there are multiple dominant languages in a political system. This study investigates the use of narrative elements in policy narratives in agricultural biotechnology policy in India across Hindi and English media coverage to examine the NPF assumption that narratives have generalizable narrative elements irrespective of variation in linguistic context and, specifically, tests the transportability of narrative elements. Findings validate the transportability of narrative elements in Hindi narratives, indicate variation in the use of narrative elements over time, and have implications for applying NPF across languages.     

Venue Preference and Earthquake Mitigation Policy: Expanding the Micro‐Model of Policy Choice

Seismologists have reported that a majority of recent earthquakes in Oklahoma have been triggered by the activities of oil and gas companies. Despite this fact, there is evidence of strong opposition toward earthquake mitigation policy. In this article, we argue that how individuals define issues affect their policy choice. Furthermore, we incorporate the concept of venue shopping from the literature on macro theories of the policy process to investigate the effect of problem definition in shaping individual venue preference for policy choice. Using unique survey data, we find that problem definition, particularly issue causality and issue image, is strongly related to individual support for earthquake mitigation policy. However, a more nuanced relationship between individual problem definition and venue preference is observed. Our findings contribute to scholarly endeavors to understand the politics of problem definition at an individual level, which may be the precursor of understanding policy choices at the institutional level.     

Patterns of Local Policy Disruption: Regulatory Responses to Uber in Ten North American Cities

Since its inception in 2009, Uber has grown into a technology behemoth, with operations in over 70 countries and 500 cities around the world. Along the way, it has successfully forced regulatory upheaval in hundreds of local taxi markets controlled by municipal authorities. In this sense, Uber is not only a market disruptor, but also a policy disruptor. This paper examines the nature of such policy disruption at the local level by reviewing regulatory responses to Uber in ten North American cities. We find that regulatory outcomes are a function of two factors: Uber’s government relations strategy, either cooperative or confrontational, and the degree to which local governments perceive Uber as complementary or harmful to the existing marketplace. We conclude by proposing a typology of regulatory responses to Uber as a basis to identify patterns in the behavior of municipal regulatory authorities and political leaders.     

Governing Unconventional Oil and Gas Extraction: The Case of Pennsylvania

Over the past decade, directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing enabled an unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOGE) boom in many regions of the United States, including parts of Pennsylvania. This revolution has created serious concerns about the capability of existing institutions to govern important societal outcomes associated with UOGE. We present a conceptual framework for assessing key societal outcomes influenced by UOGE governance. In applying this framework to Pennsylvania, we discern certain institutional strengths that have allowed the Commonwealth to reap appreciable short‐term economic growth from rich resource endowments. We also find, however, that several institutional weaknesses have allowed costs externalized to the environment, public health, and community integrity to offset some proportion of those economic benefits. Likewise, we find that governance of UOGE in Pennsylvania has contributed to a bifurcated sociopolitical landscape wherein adversarial coalitions dispute the legitimacy of the industry and its governance.     

台湾经济波动的实际冲击效应——基于封闭和开放实际经济周期模型的比较分析

本文分别建立了一个封闭实际经济周期（RBC）模型和一个小型开放RBC模型来模拟台湾经济周期波动,并在模型参数校准的基础上分析和比较两种模型对台湾经济波动典型化事实的模拟能力,以及小型开放RBC模型中主要宏观经济变量对台湾经济的冲击效应。研究结果表明,小型开放模型对台湾经济波动的模拟能力较封闭模型有较大程度的提高。同时,小型开放RBC模型的动态响应函数表明技术和对外贸易冲击是造成台湾经济波动的重要因素。     

再论“一国两制”是实现祖国完全统一的最佳模式

作为实现祖国完全统一的最佳模式,＂一国两制＂在台湾的接受程度遭遇瓶颈。本文正视现实,探讨了两岸政治定位、互动框架和实践模式等基础问题,在理论上借鉴＂协合式民主＂精神,立足于两岸关系实际,对＂一国两制＂台湾模式加以深化和拓展。维护＂一个中国＂的统一性,保持台湾在单纯内部事务上具有独占性权利或完全自主权,在两岸事务上台湾得适用否决性权利,在一般性的国家事务上台湾享有比例性权利;通过协合式民主的治理方式,促进两岸间异质性民主的正常运转,实现和维护两岸权力分享、国家权威的统一与稳定。     

农场型监狱安全生产文化的解读与建构

农场型监狱作为监狱的一个独特类型，对其安全生产文化（以下简称“安全文化”）建设进行研究和探索，可以提高其品质格调，促进其可持续发展。从当前来看，农场型监狱安全文化包括物态文化、制度文化、行为文化和伦理观念四个部分，且在动态发展中构成了一个内在循环系统。农场型监狱的“复合”性决定了其安全文化的滞后性、从属性、脆弱性和艰巨性。基于此，农场型安全文化塑造与建构必须从加强伦理观念培育、硬件配备、制度体系建设、安全治理四个方面着手，以提高安全文化的软实力、硬实力、保障力和执行力。     

简论教学模式

教学模式是连接教学理论与教学实践的桥梁,是教学理论工作者和实践者共同关注的问题。针对现在大量涌现的教学模式理论混杂的状况,文章对其进行了整理分析。