Renewable Portfolio Standards and Policy Stringency: An Assessment of Implementation and Outcomes

This research examines the impact of increasing the stringency of renewable portfolio standards (RPS) on the consumption of energy produced from renewable sources. Putting prior findings in the context of policy learning, first we focus on technological innovation, factor endowments, and economic energy dependence of American states to track how RPS have proliferated and strengthened. Next, we look at the net effect of this RPS evolution on state fossil fuel energy divestment. To evaluate the interplay between: a) the political desire to lower fossil fuel use, b) technological feasibility to do so, and c) the economic trade‐offs and risks, we focus on the industrial sector dependence on energy security and affordability. Our results indicate that energy security is a priority and even in light of increasing RPS stringency, states with relatively weak but mandatory RPS are leaders in aggregate renewable energy consumption. This fact is due to favoring biofuel and hydro generation rather than solar and wind because of lower deployment costs.     

Technology Innovation as a Response to Climate Change: The Case of the Climate Change Emissions Management Corporation of Alberta

Innovation is the central element of climate change policy in many jurisdictions. Reduced to technology development and linked to market‐driven priorities, innovation accommodates the interests of large emitters in the energy sector and underpins a sustainable development discourse that denies ecological limits to economic growth. This study examines the use of innovation as a key component of climate change policy in the case of Alberta's Climate Change Emissions Management Corporation, utilizing a political economy approach to explain the drivers of government funding priorities. An analysis of this technology fund's investments over nine years, under two different governments, revealed that nearly half of the revenue has been used to subsidize R&D in the fossil fuels industry in the name of clean energy development, and that this priority has continued despite recent government commitments under the Paris CoP agreement. The carbon levy system that generates revenue for the fund has been unsuccessful in incentivizing facility reductions, pointing to the need for more stringent regulation. Innovation as a framework for transition to a post‐carbon economy is severely limited by its exclusion of the roles of social knowledge and citizen participation in envisaging and designing paths for change.     

Censors Get Smart: Evidence from Psiphon in Iran

Information controls are actions intended to deny, disrupt, monitor, or secure information for political ends. They can be implemented using a wide variety of technical and nontechnical means. Political contests over the control of information are heightened around important events, such as major anniversaries, armed conflicts, protests, and elections. In this paper, we offer a comparative case study of online censorship of the circumvention tool Psiphon during the Iranian elections in 2016 and 2013, drawing on unique access to analytics data from Psiphon. We find that the Iranian regime developed its censorship approach in two ways, deploying blocking that was more targeted and strategically timed in the more recent case. Evidence suggests that the regime relaxed censorship of Psiphon during the official campaign period for the 2016 election. The apparent objective of this new approach was to control access to information while minimizing the political consequences of doing so.     

Extending environmental justice research to religious minorities

For more than 30 years, significant research in the United States has found that racial and ethnic minorities suffer disproportionately from nearness to environmental disamenities compared with white non-Hispanics and that these results persist even controlling for poverty and “which came first,” the minorities or the disamenities. The engrained discriminatory findings of this environmental justice (EJ) research have led some to argue that we observe “systemic racism,” built into our social systems in ways that may be difficult to perceive. Yet, within the history of the United States, racial and ethnic minorities are not the only groups that have been systematically discriminated against; various religious groups also have histories of discrimination. Here we consider whether, holding constant race and ethnicity, some religious groups may also suffer from “EJ syndrome.” Since the US Census does not collect data on religion, to measure the presence of some religious groups that may be discriminated against, we use an original dataset on the presence of Jewish, Muslim, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS, aka Mormon), and Roman Catholic houses of worship within California's Census tracts. Our results indicate that even controlling for race/ethnicity and income, the presence of Jewish or Muslim houses of worship in a California Census tract increases the likelihood of environmental burden as measured by the CalEnviroScreen 3.0 index of pollution and community vulnerability.     

中阿经贸往来中宁夏羊绒制品市场竞争力分析

准确把握时代脉搏,扩大宁夏羊绒制品品牌的影响力,满足消费者的多元化需求,增强市场竞争力是宁夏羊绒制品产业做大做强的必然要求。     

十八届四中全会法治思想中的民生理念

党的十八届四中全会对法的论述诠释了法的目标,即把中国建设成社会主义法治国家,解释了法律是治国重要的武器,好的法律体系和法律制度才能真正贯彻公平、正义,维护人民的各种权益。全会一再强调恪守立法为民思想,加强法律体系建设,以高标准、严要求,加强法律制度和法律执行队伍的建设。无论全会中论述法的目的,还是法的权威及法律实施的各项要求,无一不透漏着党的民生思想,展现着以民为先、为民服务的思想。民生思想贯穿十八届四中全会报告,彰显在法治思想的精神与理念中。     

跨政府网络与G20的治理模式

本文试图从跨政府网络的角度探讨G20的治理模式,分析G20治理的动力、方式和成果.在世界面对气候变化与金融危机两大挑战之际,作为全球治理核心的G20通过跨政府网络的治理模式,为世界主要经济体的国内规则制定者和政府官员搭建了对话和非正式协调的平台,进而通过与国际组织的互动,实现对相关议题的治理.以跨政府网络为基础而达成的自愿性协议及公报,克服了需要长期谈判及国内批准的条约模式的限制,反映了G20在应对全球问题时的灵活性及迅速调动资源的能力.     

浅析高校教育教学资源网络与移动3G网络的整合

高校教育教学资源网络是基于校园网内部的一个功能复杂的网络,往往需要提供两大服务功能:提供校内共事服务和提供Internet接入服务.而3G服务能够同时无线传送声音(通话)及数据信息(电子邮件、即时通信等).一般地讲,将无线通信与国际互联网等多媒体通信结合的新一代移动通信系统,未来的3G必将与教育教学资源信息网络进行结合,WAP与web的结合是一种趋势.     

《婚姻法》第 17 条第 4 项立法之商榷———兼论婚后继承或受赠财产的权利属性

《婚姻法》第 17 条第 4 项关于婚后继承或受赠财产原则上为夫妻共同财产的规定,引发了立法、司法和社会生活中的诸多问题。从共同财产认定的法理基础、该条与《婚姻法》第 18 条第 3 项之间的法律困惑、法律在本土化过程中出现的错误、该条存在的法律漏洞以及与相关法律的冲突等角度进行分析,提出废除该条款的立法建议。     

基于内存中的网络传输数据结构获取电子数据

电子数据取证实践中,获取嫌疑人进行网络信息传输涉及的IP地址、端口号、MAC地址以及对应进程信息,有助于全面深入揭示嫌疑人网络犯罪行为。基于IPv4首部、sockaddr_in、_TCPT_OBJECT、Ethernet V2标准MAC帧等四种数据结构于内存中的具体格式,归纳总结用于定位相关结构的特征关键字,同时通过实例说明提取网络传输电子证据的方法,并对过程中涉及的具体技术与注意事项予以阐述。电子数据取证实践证明,所述方法准确高效。