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191.
Fifty-two mother-adolescent dyads (mean adolescent age = 16.3) participated in an observational study of communication about
health topics. The aim of the study was to examine mother-adolescent conversations about health issues—drugs/alcohol, sexuality,
nutrition/exercise—to determine the extent to which the mothers treat these issues similarly. Across conversations, mothers
spent more time asking questions than lecturing or discussing negative consequences. Mothers discussed negative consequences
less in the nutrition/exercise and sexuality conversations than in the drug/alcohol conversation. Mothers asked fewer questions
when discussing nutrition/exercise than drugs/alcohol, and lectured more in the nutrition/exercise conversation than in the
sexuality conversation. The results of this study have implications for intervention programmers advocating in the media that
parents “talk to your kids” about these health issues.
Tanya L. Boone is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at California State University, Bakersfield. She received her Ph.D.
in 2003 from The Pennsylvania State University. Her major research interests include adolescent risk behaviors and the influences
on such behaviors, with a focus on family influences.
Eva S. Lefkowitz is an Associate Professor of Human Development and Family Studies at The Pennsylvania State University. She
received her Ph.D. in 1998 from the University of California, Los Angeles. Her major research interests include the development
of attitudes, behaviors, and relationships during adolescence and emerging adulthood. 相似文献
192.
193.
Policy diffusion is a common phenomenon in federal states: indeed, one of the normative justifications of decentralized policy making is that it permits the development and spread of best practices. Following Berry and Berry (1990), event‐history analysis has been the method of choice for the quantitative investigation of policy diffusion, but Volden (2006) has recently introduced a dyadic variant of this method in which units of analysis are not states but, instead, pairs of states. This article discusses the dyadic approach with a particular focus on the diffusion of policies in Switzerland. The goal is not to introduce a new method, but rather to provide a practical overview for researchers interested in using it. The article shows how the method has migrated from the international relations literature to the policy‐diffusion literature, describes the typical structure of a dyadic dataset in a diffusion context, and discusses several modeling issues. The usefulness of the dyadic approach is illustrated empirically with the example of health‐insurance subsidy policies in Swiss cantons. 相似文献
194.
Abigail M. Judge Rebecca Bailey JoAnn Behrman‐Lippert Elizabeth Bailey Cynthia Psaila Jane Dickel 《Family Court Review》2016,54(2):232-249
The existing literature on abduction reunification is limited and evolving. Although guidelines for model service approaches exist, few programs address the unique challenges of reunifying children and families following abduction. This article delineates a family‐based reunification model that has assisted families affected by abduction since 2006. Model components include a team‐centered approach, a stage‐oriented reunification process, and pitfalls and strategies related to intersystem collaboration. We present the value of a family‐systems, solution‐focused, trauma‐informed, and case‐specific approach to therapeutic reunification following child abduction. Evidence that is contrary to the popular notion of Stockholm's syndrome is also marked. Research on the efficacy of therapeutic reunification is essential for the growth of systems equipped to address the dynamic needs of these families. Accordingly, suggestions for evaluation research are proposed. 相似文献
195.
卫生投入结构、健康发展与经济增长 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
卫生投入通过促进健康发展进而影响经济增长,而这种影响既有数量效应,更有结构效应,本文侧重分析了卫生投入结构因素对健康发展及经济增长影响的理论机制;在此基础上运用1993—2007年中国30个省级行政单位(以下简称省份)面板数据协整模型进行实证研究。结果表明:当前中国卫生投入主体存在结构失衡问题,个人比例过高,而公共比例偏低,这不仅短期内直接降低了民众健康保障能力和福利水平,构成了对区域经济增长的负效应,而且对长期经济增长能力和增长方式转型也构成深远影响。所以,基于改善民生健康福利与实施人力资本发展战略的双重目标要求,新医改应重视卫生投入结构的优化发展,当前特别要减轻过重的个人医疗负担。 相似文献
196.
Seeskin K 《International journal of law and psychiatry》2008,31(6):487-494
This essay examines the history of the concept of mental health. Its origin can be traced to Plato, who argued that immorality is to the soul what disease is to the body. The purpose of this argument was to answer those who thought that morality is a set of social conventions, and in that sense, is contrary to nature. Plato responded by turning to those who made a systematic study of nature – the medical writers of his day – and claiming that if proper balance is needed to maintain a healthy body, the same is true of the soul. Thus the natural state of the soul is one in which the various parts agree on which should rule. This does not mean that Plato sought to excuse immoral behavior by treating it as a medical condition, only that he regarded immoral behavior as contrary to nature and thus treatable. Although later attempts to define mental health are not as rigid as Plato's, it is remarkable how many of his insights are still applicable, in particular the claim that morality and mental health, though not identical, are nonetheless linked. A case in point is the experience of wanting something but not liking the fact that you want it. Plato regarded internal conflict of this sort as a paradigm case of psychic dysfunction. I argue that we can regard it as either a moral failing or a mental one. 相似文献
197.
This study explored the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Risk-Propensity in African-American women.
An anonymous questionnaire was completed by a community based sample of 200 African American women with a varied history of
intimate partner violence, to determine whether being in a violent relationship impacts HIV risk. Various statistical techniques,
including structural equation modeling (SEM), bivariate correlation analyses and ANOVA were used to examine the data. A strong
positive correlation was found to exist between sexual coercion and Intimate Partner Violence. In the effort to fortify prevention
strategies, and reduce the rates of HIV infection in African-American women, additional factors that impact disease transmission
were discussed. Implications for social work/mental health practice and suggestions for future research were made. 相似文献
198.
Poor health is generally believed to cause political passivity. Prior studies that satisfactorily acknowledge the causality problems involved are mainly limited to considering turnout and the U.S.A., so we lack knowledge of how non-electoral participation is affected in other countries. This article considers Sweden, characterized by a generous welfare state and an extensive public health system. Using unique panel data, which allow more thorough analyses of causality, poor health was found to have a negative effect on voting but not on non-electoral participation. By primarily focusing on other countries than Sweden and the U.S.A., it is a task for future longitudinal research to show whether the belief that poor health lead to political passivity is incorrect—or whether Sweden is an exceptional case, due to the barriers to participation being particularly low there. 相似文献
199.
Jacob Vogler 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2020,39(4):1166-1213
I investigate the causal relationship between access to healthcare and crime following state decisions to expand Medicaid coverage after the Affordable Care Act. I combine state-level crime data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports for the years 2009 through 2018 with variation in insurance eligibility generated by the Medicaid expansion. Using a difference-in-differences design, my findings indicate that states that expanded Medicaid have experienced a 5.3 percent reduction in annual reported violent crime rates relative to nonexpansion states. This effect is explained by decreases in aggravated assaults and corresponds to 17 fewer incidents per 100,000 people. The estimated decrease in reported crime amounts to an annual cost savings of approximately $4 billion. 相似文献
200.
This article employs research conducted with the Kivulini Women’s Rights Organization in Tanzania to discuss opportunities, constraints, and broader lessons about the role of women’s NGOs as intermediaries in development projects. Findings reveal that women’s NGOs often have insecure positions in development projects and are undervalued by executing agencies because advocating for gender equality is perceived as a “natural” extension of women’s roles in patriarchal societies. Women’s NGOs are “feminised” and consequently trivialised in their role as intermediaries, putting gender equality objectives at risk of attrition or abandonment. Under certain circumstances, women’s NGOs can be pushed out of partnership projects altogether. 相似文献